roles

Conserved amino acids play both structural and mechanistic roles in sandwich-like protein

The question of whether amino acids in sandwich-like proteins are there to stabilize the structure or to speed up the protein-folding process is best answered by "all of the above," according to researchers at Rice University in Houston. This discovery, reported in today's issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, could benefit future research on treatments for disease...

Flies on speed offer insight into the roles of dopamine in sleep and arousal

Methamphetamine, the drug of choice for long-distance truckers and college students pulling all-nighters, appears to do a similar trick for fruit flies, too. This finding is one of several in a new study that demonstrates a critical role for the neurotransmitter dopamine in the modulation of sleep, wake, and arousal states. The work is reported by Dr. Ralph Greenspan and colleagues at The...

Bedsores and bald hides: Novel roles revealed for a 'scaffolding' protein

A protein long thought to provide only mechanical support for keeping cells and tissues from literally falling apart turns out to have much wider utility. In a pair of reports, the protein K17 has been found to also influence wound healing and maintain the structural integrity of hair follicles, according to Johns Hopkins researchers. The wound-healing work, published in the May 18 issue o...

New roles for growth factors: Enticing nerve cells to muscles

During embryonic development, nerve cells hesitantly extend tentacle-like protrusions called axons that sniff their way through a labyrinth of attractive and repulsive chemical cues that guide them to their target. While several recent studies discovered molecules that repel motor neuron axons from incorrect targets in the limb, scientists at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies have...

Master planners in brain may coordinate other areas' roles in cognitive tasks

Scientists have used data from scans of 183 subjects to identify brain areas that consistently become active in a variety of cognitive tasks, such as reading, learning a rhythm or analyzing a picture. If the brain in action can be compared to a symphony, with specialized sections required to pitch in at the right time to produce the desired melody, then the regions highlighted by the new s...

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Reversal of Roles – Humans to Infect Mosquitoes to Mitigate Malari

A novel strategy to combat malaria is abuzz, and the main action plan of this strategy will use humans to infect mosquitoes. // The researchers from the National Institutes of Health have come out with a vaccine that when tested on mice, instigated them to produce antibodies against the parasite, Plasmodium falciparum which causes malaria. The antibodies created in the body of the mice...

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Study in Cell by Magen BioSciences Co-Founder David E. Fisher Identifies New Roles in Skin Cancer Prevention for Key Tumor Suppressor Protein

CAMBRIDGE, Mass.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Mar 8, 2007 - Magen BioSciences,Inc., a specialty dermatology company, today announced thepublication of a paper in the March 9, 2007 issue of the journalCell by its co-founder and board member, David E. Fisher, M.D.,Ph.D., that identifies two new functions for an important protein,p53, in the pigmentation of skin. Fisher's study shows that inaddition to i...