Polycyclic

Exposure to Common Pollutant in Womb Might Lower IQ

...the time a child reaches the age of 5 years. This linkage builds on prior research, which has suggested that exposure to these pollutants, known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), while still in the womb can provoke developmental changes that damage lung health and boost the risk for developing chil...

Cancer Endangers Some Wildlife Species

...s have a high rate of intestinal cancer, which is their second-leading cause of death. It's believed that this cancer problem is due to high levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the waters where the whales live, the study said. PAHs are a known human carcinogen. In addition, virus-induced can...

'Cannabis alters human DNA' -- new study

...n use. Cannabis smoke contains 400 compounds including 60 cannabinoids. However, because of its lower combustibility it contains 50% more carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons including naphthalene, benzanthracene, and benzopyrene, than tobacco smoke." Writing in the journal Chemical Research in Tox...

Avon Foundation Convened Breast Cancer Experts in Miami to Address Prevention Strategies at Annual Forum

...sed new information on the role of environmental carcinogens in breast cancer as well as risk reduction strategies. Dr. Sonenshein studied exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which come from incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, polluted air or water, cigarette smoke and charcoal broiled foods...

Prenatal Exposure to Traffic Pollution May Lead to Asthma

...ty children. They found evidence of a possible new biomarker -- an epigenetic alteration in the gene ACSL3 -- associated with prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are created as byproducts of incomplete combustion of carbon-containing fuels such as gasoline. PAH levels are ...

Closing coal-burning power plant in China and improved cognitive development in children

... Mailman School, director of the Tongliang Project, and co-author of the study. Prenatal exposure to plant emissions was measured by a biomarker of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure in umbilical cord blood. The investigators controlled for exposures to other pollutants, such as tobacco smoke and...

A new way to look at lung cancer and tobacco carcinogens

... PHILADELPHIA Two types of cancer-causing agents in cigarettesa nicotine-derived chemical and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are the main culprits in lung cancer. Exposure to tobacco smoke both mainstream and second-hand is a leading cause of c...

New findings on emerging contaminants

...t National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administrations Northwest Fisheries Science Center and the West Coast Center for Oceans and Human Health found that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) left in Pacific waters after the Exxon Valdez oil spill caused heart defects in herring and pink salmon embryos. PAHs fro...

Men who are continually active at work may have a decreased risk of prostate cancer

...cer also were more likely than the control group to be highly exposed to the chemicals that were evaluated, including hydrazine, benzene, mineral oil, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and trichloroethylene (TCE), which are known or suspected carcinogens. The findings are supported by other studies th...

Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health receives NIEHS grant to study asthma

...exacerbation. CCCEHs research in New York City and internationally in Poland and China finds that in utero and postnatal exposure to particulates and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from diesel exhaust and other urban combustion sources adversely affects childrens neurocognitive development and increas...

Polycyclic in Medical Technology

AOP Orphan Pharmaceuticals and Lantibio Announce Positive Phase II Study with Novel Cystic Fibrosis Therapy

...ntent in the airway surface liquid (ASL), leading to thick mucus secretion, inflammation and infection in the CF lung. Moli1901 is a stable 19-residue polycyclic peptide produced by fermentation of Streptomyces cinnamoneum. In previous published studies, Moli1901 has been shown to increase chloride transport an...

Polycyclic in Biological News

When children have breathing problems

...ment techniques to draw accurate conclusions about the actual pollution of breathing air. We filtered out particulate matter of different grain sizes, polycyclic aromatic compounds, such as benzo(a)pyrene, that adhere to these particles, and volatile organic compounds, such as benzene and hexane. Secondly, we t...

Improved method developed to test carcinogen risk

...'s considered an "ultra-low" dose of dibenzo-a,l-pyrene, a chemical that can cause liver cancer and is part of a broad field of toxic compounds called polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, or PAHs. The study determined that a tolerable threshold for human exposure to this toxic chemical would be 500 to 1,500 tim...

Soil and sediment contamination assessment more accurate

... The effects of polycyclic Aromatic Compounds (PACs) on terrestrial and benthic invertebrates are used to estimate the risks of soil and sediment contamination. Effects are asse...

USGS Science Picks

...nked to U.S. Lake Contamination Dust collected from coal-tar seal coated parking lots in central and eastern U.S. cities contains concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) that are about 1,000 times greater than levels found in western cities, where coal-tar sealcoat is less commonly used, ac...

Growing fuel and medicine: Advancing biofuels and plant-produced therapeutics

...addition, these lines exhibited tolerance to common environmental pollutants such as trichloroethylene, a chlorinated hydrocarbon, and pyrene, a model polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. These broad stress-tolerance responses are most likely due to the ability of AsA to detoxify reactive oxygen species. In additio...

Laser fluorescence could find life on Mars

...ion's journal, Geophysical Research Letters . Chemical compounds called polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, or PAHs, often are found on comets, meteorites and i...m a target can easily provide enough light to produce fluorescence in small polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons," Storrie-Lombardi said. "But even more encouraging i...

Persistent man-made chemical pollutants found in deep-sea octopods and squids

...cern because of its extreme toxicity to marine invertebrates in the coastal environment. Other chemical contaminants found in the specimens include polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), found in all the samples, diphenyl ether (DPE), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and brominated diphenyl ethers (BDEs)....

Making sure the wonder materials don't become the wonder pollutant

...gues found that the process of nanotube manufacturing produced emissions of at least 15 aromatic hydrocarbons, including four different kinds of toxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) similar to those found in cigarette smoke and automobile tailpipe emissions. They also found that the process was largely...

Impacts of fossil fuels on fish and people

...s and Human Health Initiative, the symposium is one of the features of the AAAS annual meeting. Incardonas presentation delves into how one type of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, a compound found in oil, damaged the developing hearts of Pacific herring and pink salmon embryos after the Exxon Valdez spill o...

American Chemical Society's weekly PressPac -- Jan. 9, 2008

...searchers have known for years that large oil spills can increase levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in marine environments. Studies have linked th...s, the article states. - MTS ARTICLE #1 FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Monitoring polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Pollution in Marine Environment after the Prestige Oil...

Polycyclic in Biological Technology

The Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) by LC/MS/MS Using an Atmospheric Pressure Photoionization Source

The atmospheric pressure photoionization source, PhotoSpray ion source (Robb, Covey and Bruins1) uses photons to ionize large quantities of a dopant molecule added along with the vaporized mobile phase. Analyte molecules are efficiently ionize...

CAS Registers 40 Millionth Substance in CAS REGISTRY(SM)

...icle describes a novel method for the synthesis of polycyclic substances with "a central seven-membered carbocyc...including the 40 millionth substance. Such polycyclic substances are core structural components in certa...w tree. More efficient methods to synthesize these polycyclic substances may lead to improved synthesis of Taxol...

Polycyclic in Biological Definition

Origin of life

...igin. For example, from spectral analyses, organic molecules are known to be present in comets and meteorites. In 2004 , a team detected traces of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ( PAH 's) in a nebula , the most complex molecule, to that date, found in space. It can be argued that the most crucial chall...