Myelination

Specific Protein is Instrumental in Myelination

Scientists at Childrens National Medical Center have demonstrated conclusively that a specific protein and its signaling activity are instrumental in myelination and remyelination, processes essential to the creation and repair of the brains white matter. This groundbreaking discovery in mou...

Stem Cell Breakthrough May Lead to MS Treatments

...ed therapies in general, experts say, and also for cell-based therapies for myelination disorders such as MS in particular. At the very least, the findings should ...niversity of Wisconsin, Madison, who has been studying oligodendrocytes and myelination for nearly a quarter-century, tried to apply the culture conditions painsta...

Study gives more proof that intelligence is largely inherited

... that's an indication of slower signaling, and lower intelligence." "So it gives us a picture of one's mental speed," he said. Because the myelination of brain circuits follows an inverted U-shaped trajectory, peaking in middle age and then slowly beginning to decline, Thompson believes identifying t...

Evolution and epilepsy

...yelin appeared, like potassium channel clustering, in an ancestor of the shark. This interval provides plenty of time for the molecules necessary for myelination to evolve. Each step made the nerve faster, and more reliable and efficient, because the sodium channel clusters were already present on the axon." ...

Protein Instrumental to Brain Development and Repair Identified

...y of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein is significant for myelination and remyelination, the processes essential to the creation and repair of th..., developmental disabilities or other disorders that result from incomplete myelination or white matter damage," he added. During the study, the researche...

Understanding of Schizophrenia Could Lead to New Treatment Options

...idea of schizophrenia arising from white-matter defects may also help explain the timing of its emergence, Corfas notes. Recent evidence suggests that myelination of the prefrontal cortex (a brain area that has been implicated in schizophrenia) occurs not only during infancy and toddlerhood, but also during late...

Blame Myelin for Many Neuropsychiatric Disorders

...h effects from a myelin-centric point of view, Bartzokis argues that cholinergic treatments may have nonsynaptic effects as well, perhaps by enhancing myelination and myelin repair — and the better the myelin, the more efficient the neuron signaling and our “Internet’s” function. Specifically, such cholinergic t...

Myelination in Medical Technology

Data to be presented at AAN Meeting -Study results of drug candidate for MS

... suppressed the severity of clinical EAE, suggesting additional mechanisms of action independent of lymphocyte depletion. In imaging studies, enhanced myelination and axonal protection associated with the clinical effects were confirmed in animals receiving oral FTY720. (Schubart et al) Clinical results in dep...

Myelination in Biological News

Researchers design first model motor nerve system that's insulated and organized like the human body

...ee. They had already developed techniques for growing various nervous system cells in serum-free media, including motoneurons, and here they attempted myelination using the growth medium they have worked with for many years. In the body, nerve cells grow in two distinct environments: In the peripheral nervou...

Taking the next step toward advanced artificial limbs

...iently, much like the rubber or plastic coating that insulates electrical wires. Lambert's team will try to achieve predictable neuron growth and axon myelination on various surfaces in the laboratory. Whether they are controlled by the nervous system or remnant muscle activity, the advanced prosthetics WPI r...

Resuscitation technique after brain injury may do more harm than good

...ses. After 72 hours, mice given 100 percent oxygen fared worse than those given room air. For example, they experienced a more disrupted pattern of myelination and developed a motor deficit that mimicked cerebral palsy. The population of immature glial cells also diminished, suggesting that the animals wo...

Researchers discover gene crucial for nerve cell insulation

...in the peripheral nervous system could lead to greater understanding of how myelination takes place in the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord). myelination in the central nervous system is not well understood. Multiple sclerosis, ...

Scientists discover the molecular switch for nerve cells' insulating jelly rolls

... that the gene instructs the Schwann cells to build the myelin wrap. Dr. Salzer's group is investigating whether neuregulin has the same effect on myelination in the central nervous system--the brain and spinal cord. If so, it may one day be possible to enhance or fix damaged spinal cords and brain tracts th...

Molecular Partners Required For Appropriate Neuronal Gene Repression

...hat once seemed decades away may now be within our grasp. This is a time of great promise for MS research." "Preterm birth can interrupt the normal myelination process. Therefore, this report may help to explain the brain damage seen in premature infants, some of whom develop cerebral palsy," said Michael Kat...

OHSU researchers discover potential mechanism to repair brain damage linked to Multiple Sclerosis

...hat once seemed decades away may now be within our grasp. This is a time of great promise for MS research." "Preterm birth can interrupt the normal myelination process. Therefore, this report may help to explain the brain damage seen in premature infants, some of whom develop cerebral palsy," said Michael Kat...

Combination therapy leads to partial recovery from spinal cord injury in rats

... specialized cells and growth factors. The experiments also used a combination of outcomes -- physiology, behavior, and anatomy -- to point clearly at myelination as the cause for improved function," says Naomi Kleitman, Ph.D., the NINDS program director for the grants that funded this work. "The study also is a...

NHGRI targets 12 more organisms for genome sequencing

...her innovations in this group of animals include an adaptive immune system similar to that of humans, a closed and pressurized circulatory system, and myelination of the nervous system. Understanding these systems of the skate at a genetic level will help scientists identify the minimum set of genes that create ...

Genetic therapy reverses nervous system damage in animal model of inherited human disease

...tilize non-invasive methods to monitor the regression of the disease following treatment," Vite said. "The ability to monitor the improvement in brain myelination in alpha-mannosidosis using imaging allows the clinician to see improvement in brain pathology without the need for brain biopsy." "Lysosomal stora...

Myelination in Biological Technology

UCF team's advanced nerve cell system could help cure diabetic neuropathy, related diseases

...tions for demyelination. Researchers have achieved myelination and nodes of Ranvier formation with sensory neuron... including motoneurons, so they decided to attempt myelination using the growth medium they have spent years twea...n't possible before," says Hickman. Though the myelination work has involved embryonic rat cells, the Hickman...

Myelination in Biological Dictionary

Schwann cells

...a ... Schwann cells (or discrete subpopulations thereof) have been shown to express: ... SOX10: Required for Schwann cell development & myelination ... Molecules on Immature SC and Myelinating & Non-myelinating Schwann cells ... Schwann cells as sources of regeneration stimulating f...