Germline

Human sperm created from embryonic stem cells

...lls with XY chromosomes (male) were developed into germline stem cells which were then prompted to complete me...d on this technique, the cells differentiated into germline stem cells. These expressed a protein which wa...er further differentiation, these in vitro derived germline stem cells expressed markers which are specific to...

UCSF Team Closer to Creating Safe Embryonic-Like Stem Cells

...oblast cells, they showed that the treated cells could be incorporated into a mouse embryo and become every cell type in the adult animal -- including germline cells that would produce the next generation of mice. "These are transient, non-coding molecules that do not incorporate into the genome, but...

UCSF team closer to creating safe embryonic-like stem cells

...oblast cells, they showed that the treated cells could be incorporated into a mouse embryo and become every cell type in the adult animal -- including germline cells that would produce the next generation of mice. "These are transient, non-coding molecules that do not incorporate into the genome, but promo...

Stem Cells Spur New Eggs in Ovaries of Adult Mice

...uvenile and adult mice. The presence of these germ cells could indicate reproductive capability. Still, researchers disagreed as to whether female germline stem cells (FGSCs) do exist in mammalian ovaries after birth. So, the Chinese team isolated active female FGSCs from adult and five-day-old mice. ...

Testes stem cell can change into other body tissues, Stanford/UCSF study shows

...bited by many types of adult stem cells. They termed the cells "multipotent germline stem cells." Germ cells are those cells in the body that differentiate to m...'s not yet possible to completely re-create human embryonic stem cells from germline cells," said Reijo-Pera, "These cells differ in gene expression, methylatio...

Researchers Create Embryonic-Like Stem Cells From Human Testes

...there is a big leap forward in efficiency with which these people get these germline stem cells," he said. But besides the obvious fact that women can't be... make an iPS cell than to have a testicular biopsy to give rise to an adult germline stem cell," he said. More information For more on stem cells, visi...

Family history of colorectal cancer linked with reduced risk of cancer recurrence

... colorectal cancer. Should this be the case, genome-wide association studies and tumor gene expression profiling studies will be warranted to identify germline and tumor-specific genetic features associated with a family history of colorectal cancer and favorable outcome following adjuvant chemotherapy. Ov...

CSHL scientists are part of consortium that sequences platypus genome

... of small RNAs called piwi-, or piRNAs. In platypus, in contrast to other mammals studied to date, the piRNA system appears to play an active role in germline defense, within the mature testis. In sum, Dr. Hannon noted, the small RNA complement of the platypus has highlighted both unique and conserved r...

USC study finds evidence of gender-related differences in development of colon cancer

...cer Research, found that specific gene variants linked to the development of colon cancer resulted in opposite survival outcomes for men and women. germline variations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) DNA -- a gene widely expressed in colonic tissue -- has been linked with poor prognosis in...

Identical Genes From Parents May Raise Cancer Risk

...ings suggest that more than 5 percent of all cancers are linked to heredity, the researchers said. Previously, Eng had noticed that a high level of germline cells (those containing genetic material that can be passed on to children) were homogenous, meaning that two copies of the same gene were identical. ...

Germline in Medical Technology

Genetic Source of Rare Childhood Cancer Found; Gene is Implicated in Other Cancers

...tt CA, Dehner LP, Desruisseau D, Jarzembowski JA, Wikenheiser-Brokamp KA, Suarez BK, Whelan AJ, Williams G, Bracamontes D, Messinger Y, Goodfellow PJ. germline DICER1 mutations in familial pleuropulmonary blastoma. Funding from the Siteman Cancer Center, Children's Discovery Institute at St. Louis Chi...

Germline in Medical Dictionary

Proteus Syndrome

...ck, an ... Find out more about the rare condition called Proteus syndrome . ... When an individual with Proteus syndrome is found to have a germline PTEN ... ...

Germline in Biological News

Eliminating germline lengthens fly lifespan, Brown study shows

PROVIDENCE, R.I. [Brown University] New research by Brown University biologists shows that fruit flies live longer when they dont produce germline stem cells the cells that create eggs and sperm. The work suggests a provocative general principle at work: Signals from reproductive tissue direc...

Stem cell research: From molecular physiology to therapeutic applications

...hat pES cells generated from immature oocytes in mice exhibit pluripotency resembling fES cells, as evidenced by similarly high chimera production and germline transmission. Thus, immature eggs may provide an efficient source of autologous stem cells for regenerative medicine. This group also tested whether p...

Playing it safe

... Ko and his colleagues wanted to establish clarity from the outset. To this end, they started by culturing a precisely defined type of cell, so-called germline stem cells (GSCs), from the testis of adult mice. In their natural environment, these cells can only do one thing: constantly generate new sperm. More...

Xie Lab uncovers molecular machinery related to stem cell fate

...s Xie Lab has revealed how the BAM protein affects germline stem cell differentiation and how it is involved i...g been known that the BAM protein is necessary for germline stem cell differentiation, but the specific molecu...ritical for stem cell development in the fruit fly germline are suggested to be translational regulators, but ...

Recruitment of reproductive features into other cell types may underlie extended lifespan in animals

...tive cells can be considered to be immortal. These germline cells generate their offspring's somatic cells ot...m and behavior, which have a set lifespan and new germline cells that continue on, generation after generatio...genes that allow the 'immortality' of reproductive germline cells. Their report will appear in the journal Na...

CSHL scientists discover how 'companion' cells to sperm protect them from genetic damage

...tion to ensure that transposons remain inactive. In animals, there is good evidence that epigenetic marks are first wiped clean and then reset in the germline cells such as sperm cells that give rise to the next generation. Martienssen's group has discovered that in plants, however, epigenetic marks ar...

Stem cell chicken and egg debate moves to unlikely arena: the testes

...te factors promoting self-renewal of two neighboring stem cell populations germline stem cells, which become sperm, and SSCs, which develop into a structure th...other immature SSCs but their niche support cells," said Voog. By contrast, germline stem cells appeared incapable of generating hub cells. Their study also ...

Xie Lab characterizes niche control of stem cell function

...led a niche. The findings appear in todays issue of Cell Stem Cell. The Xie Lab demonstrated that differentiation-defective Drosophila ovarian germline stem cells (GSCs), behaving like human cancer stem cells, can out-compete normal stem cells for a position in the niche. They do so by invading the ni...

New route for heredity bypasses DNA

...non-reproductive functions of the cell, such as metabolism. The second, the germline nucleus, like humans' sperm and egg, is home to the DNA needed for sexual r...mehow be reconstituted in their offspring in order for them to survive. The germline nucleus contains abundant DNA, yet 95 percent of it is thrown away during r...

New study reveals for first time how BRCA1 mutations cause breast cancer

...hways similar to BRCA1, a question that only a systematic search can answer, said Dr. Saal. Similar research is underway in tumors from carriers of germline mutations in BRCA2, the other known major breast cancer susceptibility gene, said Dr. Borg. BRCA2 has a role downstream in the same DNA double strand ...

Germline in Biological Technology

Exelixis Reaches Agreement with FDA on Special Protocol Assessment for XL184 Phase 3 Trial

...econdary endpoints will be assessment of the potential relationship between germline and/or tumor DNA sequence alterations and the efficacy of XL184, as well as...nherited form of MTC invariably have an activating mutation in RET in their germline DNA. Activating mutations in RET are also present in the tumor DNA of up to...

Center for Molecular Medicine Selected to Provide DNA Analysis for Children's Oncology Group Leukemia Study

...I of the study, the CMM has been asked to provide extensive testing and review of up to 2,200 matched samples of DNA from pediatric leukemia patients' germline blood samples and their leukemic blasts. The CMM will identify and catalog potentially critical differences it finds across these DNA samples for anal...

RNA Interference and Gene Silencing: History and Overview

...n C. elegans ego-1 mutants ("ego" stands for "enhancer of glp-1 "), RNAi functions normally in somatic cells, but is defective in germline cells where ego-1 is primarily expressed. In Arabidopsis SDE-1 / SGS-2 mutants ("SGS" stands for suppressor of gene silencing), ...

Germline in Biological Definition

Evolution

...liberately under cellular control during processes such as meiosis or hypermutation . In multicellular organisms, mutations can be subdivided into germline mutations, which can be passed on to progeny and somatic mutations , which (when accidental) often lead to the malfunction or death of a cell and ca...

Gene therapy

... transform either somatic cells (most cells of the body) or cells of the germline (such as stem cells , sperm and eggs ). All gene therapy so far in people has been directed at somatic cells, whereas germline engineering in humans remains only a highly controversial prospect. For the...

Germline in Biological Dictionary

Germline

In biology and genetics, the germline of a mature or developing individual is the line (sequence) of germ cells that have genetic material that may be passed to a child. 3 Germ line development in mammals. 4 Differentiation of primordial germ cells ... These genes play a role in ger...

Somatic cells

...ic cells are any cells forming the body of an organism, as opposed to germline cells . In mammals, germline cells are the spermatozoa and ova which fuse during fertilization to p...

Somatic cell

...atic cells are any cells forming the body of an organism, as opposed to germline cells. In mammals, germline cells are the spermatozoa and ova which fuse during fertilization to p...

Somatic

...atic cells are any cells forming the body of an organism, as opposed to germline cells. In mammals, germline cells are the spermatozoa and ova which fuse during fertilization to p...

Penetrance

...riable expressivity? ... Other High- penetrance Mutations: Identifying germline mutations and somatic mutations is important for our understanding of th... of CRC and in ... Low- penetrance Genetic Predisposition: Identifying germline mutations and somatic mutations is important for our understanding of th...

Oogenesis

...iam-Webster Online Dictionary with audio pronunciations, thesaurus, Word of the Day, and word games. and degenerate during mid- oogenesis and EcR germline ... of oogenesis depends critically on the increase in ecdysone titer ... oogenesis has not been ... Oogenesis is a process that leads to ...

Germ line

... In biology and genetics, the germline of a mature or developing individual is the line...s on specific molecular/developmental aspects ... germline sex-specific differences in histone modificatio...ession within the germ line ? ... If you use germline in a published analysis, please cite Gusev A, Low...

Gene transfer

... genetic material from another organism without being the offspring of that organism. By contrast, vertical... An overview of information about germline gene transfer research from the July 2002 Ethical Boundaries workshop. ... Gene transfer represents a relatively new ... Horizontal gene ...

Gene

...ry and encyclopedia. ... genetic marker - a specific gene that produces a recognizable trait and can be ... An overview of information about germline gene transfer research from the July 2002 Ethical Boundaries workshop. ... Gene transfer represents a relatively new ... MYSTERY MONDAY: Gene...

Aneuploidy

...cells also have abnormal numbers of chromosomes. Aneuploidy occurs during cell... aneuploidy n. The state or condition of being aneuploid. ... germline aneuploidy is typically detected through karyotyping, a process in ... Aneuploidy ... Typically, the risk for aneuploidy increases with a wom...