Smoke from cigarettes, cooking oil, wood, shift male cardiovascular system into overdrive

NEW ORLEANS (April 17, 2009) Secondhand tobacco smoke and smoke from cooking oil and wood smoke affected cardiovascular function of men and women who were exposed to small doses of the smoke for as little as 10 minutes, according to a study from the University of Kentucky. The study confirmed ...

Smoke from cigarettes, cooking oil, wood, shift male cardiovascular system into overdrive

NEW ORLEANS (April 17, 2009) Secondhand tobacco smoke and smoke from cooking oil and wood smoke affected cardiovascular function of men and women who were exposed to small doses of the smoke for as little as 10 minutes, according to a study from the University of Kentucky. The study confirmed ...

A paradigm shift in immune response regulation

Over the past decade various pieces of the puzzle how signal transmission controls immunity have been coming together. Now, in Cell an international team reports a paradigm shift in the regulation of immune response. Their results show that interaction with a linear ubiquitin chain is crucial fo...

Host shift triggers cascading effect on ecosystem, research finds

DAVISA major cause for biodiversity may be biodiversity itself, says evolutionary ecologist Andrew Forbes of the University of California, Davis, whose newly published research shows that when the apple maggot shifted hosts from the hawthorn to the apple, that triggered a cascading effect on the e...

Climate change causing significant shift in composition of coastal fish communities

NARRAGANSETT, R.I. June 27, 2008 A detailed analysis of data from nearly 50 years of weekly fish-trawl surveys in Narragansett Bay and adjacent Rhode Island Sound has revealed a long-term shift in species composition, which scientists attribute primarily to the effects of global warming. Ac...

Conservation strategies must shift with global environmental change, says CU-Boulder study

Sustaining and enhancing altered ecosystems has become the new mantra for conservation and restoration managers as ecosystems continue to change in response to global warming and other environmental changes, says a new study led by the University of Colorado at Boulder. Professor Timothy Seaste...

Paradigm shift in Alzheimers's research: new treatments

Alzheimers disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by extensive neuronal degeneration and the development of neuritic amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Neuronal and synaptic losses in AD are correlated with dementia and occur in specific brain areas involv...

Antarctic warming to reduce animals at base of ecosystem, shift some penguin populations southward

The warming most global climate models predict will do more harm than simply raise the sea levels that most observers fear. It will make drastic changes in fragile ecosystems throughout the world, especially in the Antarctic. A warming trend during the last few decades in the Antarctic Peninsula...

DNA analysis reveals rapid population shift among Pleistocene cave bears

Studying DNA obtained from teeth of ancient cave bears, researchers have been able to identify a shift in a particular population of the bears inhabiting a European valley in the late Pleistocene era. The findings illustrate the ability of DNA sequence analysis to reveal aspects of animal populatio...

Pressured by predators, lizards see rapid shift in natural selection

Countering the widespread view of evolution as a process played out over the course of eons, evolutionary biologists have shown that natural selection can turn on a dime -- within months -- as a population's needs change. In a study of island lizards exposed to a new predator, the scientists found ...

Molecular research suggest shift needed in how some drugs are created

The first close-up look at a pro-inflammatory signaling molecule involved in immune response in mammals suggests that researchers "should rethink what they are doing" in creating drugs based on a fruit-fly model, scientists say. Reporting in the Oct. 1 issue of the Journal of Immunology, research...

Neandertal femur suggests competition with hyenas and a shift in landscape use

Analysis of approximately 41,000-year-old human remains found in France suggests that Neandertals may have become regionally mobile earlier than scientists once thought. Cédric Beauval and colleagues from Université Bordeaux 1 in France, Max Planck Institute in Germany, and Washington University...

Advances in lung cancer research announced at conference

...aid. "Identifying the highest-risk population for brain metastasis, so that informed therapeutic trials can be undertaken, could enable a paradigmatic shift in treating these patients." The study team included researchers from: TGen; the Virginia G. Piper Cancer Center at Scottsdale Healthcare's Scottsd...

Stem cell 'daughters' lead to breast cancer

...kely source of basal-like breast tumours. Their finding, published in today's issue of the international journal Nature Medicine , represents a major shift in the way scientists think breast cancer develops. Dr Visvader said it had been thought in recent years that breast stem cells gave rise to BRCA1 t...

August 2009 Geology and GSA Today media highlights

...c Optimum (16 to 14 million years ago), considered generally to be the warmest period in Earth's history within the past 25 million years, saw a major shift in climate from global warming to cooling. This reversal of climatic warming has proven difficult to understand because of the limited range of availa...

Large trees declining in Yosemite

...rees' ability to resist insects and pathogens." Scientists also found a shift to fire-intolerant trees in some forests that had not experienced fires for...requent and severe wildfires are possible in Yosemite because of the recent shift to fire-intolerant trees in unburned areas and warmer climates bring drier ...

Sex in the Caribbean: Environmental change drives evolutionary change -- eventually

...researchers from the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute and Scripps Institution of Oceanography. The fossil record shows that if a species could shift from clonal to sexual reproduction it survived. Otherwise it was destined for extinction, millions of years later. Closure of the Isthmus of Panama ...

Study reveals a reprogrammed role for the androgen receptor

... manages to find an alternate growth route. A new study by Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Ohio State University scientists demonstrates how. The shift from androgen-dependent to androgen-independent cell growth occurs, in part, because the androgen receptor switches on an entirely different set of ge...

Disease threat may change how frogs mate

...C) type; a group of genes directly involved with the animal's immune system. As the common frog is generally thought to mate randomly, this is a major shift in the frogs' mating behaviour. Active mate choice based on MHC type is not uncommon in other species, with research indicating that a number of ve...

Knee injuries may start with strain on the brain, not the muscles

...e as training your muscles in preventing ACL knee injuries, and suggests a shift from performance-based to prevention-based athletic training programs. ...d of a dangerous response," he said. It's analogous to how a seasoned stick shift driver versus a novice learner might both respond to a sudden stall. The i...

Frost & Sullivan: North American Government Biometrics Markets Thrive With Active R&D Thrust

...-effective and well-suited technology for civil and criminal identification and physical access control. However, the market is poised to experience a shift in dynamics as the price of face recognition and iris recognition systems decline. Fierce competition dominates the market, and it remains im...

Systems biology recommended as a clinical approach to cancer

...esult from moving the use of systems biology techniques closer to the clinic," explained VBI Professor Reinhard Laubenbacher. "We believe this kind of shift is very possible. For example, mathematical models could integrate patient characteristics to help researchers determine the features of dynamic proce...

'Normal' cells far from cancer give nanosignals of trouble

...isk by interrogating readily accessible tissue may provide an important step forward in cancer screening." "Partial wave spectroscopy is a paradigm shift from conventional diagnostic techniques, which involve interrogating the actual tumor region," adds the paper's first author, Hariharan Subramanian, a...

Fish on the menu of our ancestors

...nu of modern humans before consistent evidence for effective fishing gear appeared, fishing at this level must have involved considerable effort. This shift to more fish in the diet likely reflects greater pressure from an expanding population at the time of modern human emergence across Eurasia. "This ana...

First direct evidence of substantial fish consumption by early modern humans in China

...umption of aquatic resources by early modern humans in China. Since this occurs before there is consistent evidence for effective fishing gear, the shift to more fish in the diet likely reflects greater pressure from an expanding population at the time of modern human emergence across Eurasia. ...

Major breakthrough in early detection and prevention of AMD

...reventive treatment. The findings were reported in an article published online Sunday by the prestigious journal Nature . "This is a major paradigm shift in macular degeneration research," said Ambati, a professor of physiology, professor and vice-chair of ophthalmology and visual sciences, and the Dr. ...

'Platforms in space' to help businesses

...usiness or public service sector. Now that the European Commission and European Space Agency have commissioned the GMES programme, there is a paradigm shift in the accessibility of satellite services which gives a real opportunity to overcome previous obstacles. EO data will become a revolutionary environm...

The secret of a snake's slither

...ir bodies can get the most friction with the ground and therefore maximize thrust. In this way, snake slithering is not unlike human walking--we, too, shift our weight from left to right to enable us to move. ...

American Chemical Society's Weekly PressPac -- June 3, 2009

...fied five major approaches to overcoming barriers, which include economic, regulatory, educational and cultural factors. One, for instance, involves a shift in mindset in which business executives view sustainability not just as regulatory compliance but as a pathway to innovation. ARTICLE #3 FOR IMME...

Improving livestock productivity in Honduras

...enefit of these intervention efforts. Improving livestock production is becoming more and more a priority among many developing countries, as diets shift from plant-based protein to animal-based protein. Also issues as diverse as nutrition, health, reproduction, animal disease and export controls mean t...

Harvard scientist says we are what we eat -- and what we cook

...tus some 1.8 million years ago, Wrangham says those theories don't mesh with that species' smaller jaws and teeth. Instead, he claims meat enabled the shift from Australopithecines to Homo habilis -- a species about the size of a chimp, but with a bigger brain -- more than half a million years earlier. ...

Scientists explain how 'death receptors' designed to kill our cells may make them stronger

...ive doctors the ability to choose when and if certain cells are taken out of service, but they would also give doctors the ability to trigger cells to shift into "survival mode." "As far as names are concerned, nothing in biology sounds more intimidating than 'death receptors,'" said Gerald Weissmann, ...

In the turf war against seaweed, coral reefs more resilient than expected

...orldwide were dominated by macroalgae that is, more than 50 percent of a reef's surface was covered in seaweed. Researchers also found overall "phase shift severity" decreased in the Caribbean, did not change in the Florida Keys and the Indo-Pacific, and increased slightly on the Great Barrier Reef due to...

Omega fatty acid balance can alter immunity and gene expression

...ty acids (w6, found in meat and vegetable oils) compared with omega-3 fatty acids (w3, found in flax and fish oil). Many studies seem to indicate this shift has brought about an increased risk of inflammation (associated with autoimmunity and allergy), and now using a controlled diet study with human volun...

The coming of biofuels: Study shows reducing gasoline emissions will benefit human health

...ral biofuels as an alternative to gasoline are coming. While the focus of a shift from gasoline to biofuels has been on global warming, such a shift could also impact human health. A grant from the Energy Biosciences Institu...

Award for pioneering stem cell research to mend broken bones

... physical conditions that will enhance tissue regeneration and ultimately lead to more effective skeletal repair strategies. "We believe a paradigm shift in approach is required if we are to lead internationally in regenerative medicine. Our findings of how stem cells, scaffolds and the physical environ...

Climate change driving Michigan mammals north

... results and conclusions dovetail with those of other groups that have found northward expansions of particular species in Wisconsin and Ontario and a shift from lower to higher elevations in the Yosemite National Park. ...

Managing Douglas-fir forests for diversity

...es," explains Tim Harrington, a research forester at the Forest Service's Pacific Northwest Research Station. "Silvicultural treatments can be used to shift competitive interactions between conifers and hardwoods to create the desired balance between wood production and wildlife habitat." Harrington an...

Cell's split personality is a major discovery into neurological diseases

...ising and suggests new therapeutic targets for conditions that involve excitotoxicity." The findings of the MNI and UdeM study represent a paradigm shift from the main model of excitotoxicity that has been in place for many years. Until now, the central idea has been that glutamate, which is released up...

DNA barcoding of mosquito species deployed in bid to end elephantiasis

...t this disease in West Africa, the value to human health of these important new tools will grow as the range and habitats of specific mosquito species shift due to climate change." LF is a leading cause of permanent and long-term disability worldwide and results from a microscopic, thread-like worm spre...