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Researchers uncover sequence of major rice pathogen

...gainst it. "It's a clever system," Dean says. "If you have important genes, you tend to have a lot of them." The paper also reports that the M. grisea genome contains retro-elemen...

Silence the gene, save the cell: RNA interference as promising therapy for ALS

...n form of a disease of the nervous system in which you can silence the gene and at the same time produce another normal form of the protein," notes Patrick Aebischer, EPFL President and a co-author of the study. ALS is a progressive neurological disease that attacks the motor neurons controlling muscles...

Brain-mapping technique aids understanding of sleep, wakefulness

... releasing orexin. "Neurons producing orexin keep you awake, and they also stabilize wakefulness," Dr. Yanagisawa said. "In order to fall sleep, you somehow must inhibit these orexin neurons. It appears that sleep-active neurons in a specific region...

Revolutionary nanotechnology illuminates brain cells at work

... which have the same tone," Okumoto continued. "If you excite one, it gives a characteristic tone. If you bring the second fork close to the first one, it will also start to give you a tone even though they...

Defenseless plants arm themselves with metals

... If everyone's already resisting pathogens, why do you need an extra mechanism? There has to be more to i...d levels raises several questions," Salt said. "If you modify other plants so that the level of salicylic acid is always high, those plants are not happy. ...

Mystery Blood Vessel Disorder Implicated In 'Mini' Strokes

... of dolichoectasia. "If dolichoectasia is present, you should look for an associated abdominal aortic aneurysm and carefully search for associated cardiac symptoms," said author Pierre Amarenco, M.D., of Bichat University Hospital in Paris. Beyond the immediate clinical implications, the study may offer...

Nano-bumps could help repair clogged blood vessels

...ng cells to stick better, Webster said. "Ideally, you want endothelial cells to quickly attach to stents and form a coating only one cell layer thick, which we call a monolayer," Webster said. "Otherwise, if the metal is not entirely coated, blood cells passing through the repaired artery come into cont...

Study: 'homemade' gene expression technology unreliable

...a and other elements. "The bottom line is that if you use commercial platforms, you get very good interlaboratory consistency and correlation of data," Spencer said. "We've now entered...

Grasping metaphors: UC San Diego research ties brain area to figures of speech

...itters is not gold," he finally said that it meant you had to be very careful when buying jewelry because you might get robbed. The patients were equally bad at matching a bulbous, amoeboid shape to the sound ...

Cooperation is key—a new way of looking at MicroRNA and how it controls gene expression

...eir Cell article, Han and his colleagues show that you don't need the full-length complementary microRNA at all. They observed that microRNA was involved in the degradation of genes with AU rich elements, and that the microRNA used only eight bases to target the mRNA. Given that microRNAs have such a sho...

Insight into DNA's 'weakest links' may yield clues to cancer biology

... found in cancer cells, said the researchers. "If you look at solid tumors in humans, you see that the chromosomes of cancer cells exhibit incredible instability," said Thomas Petes, Ph.D., ...

Decoding the logic of olfaction

...he organization of the olfactory system. Whenever you inhale the aroma of vanilla, the neurons in your brain "light up" with a characteristic pattern of activity. It turns out that pattern is, perhaps unsurprisingly, unique from the pattern of brain activity associated with a whiff of skunk spray. The ...

Shutting down the HIV assembly line

...e multivesicular body and in demonstrating that if you block that trafficking step specifically, you block production of particles," Spearman said. "That says this is not a dead-end pathway, but that i...

Genpathway and Baylor College of Medicine Identify New Genes in Breast Cancer

...he organization of the olfactory system. Whenever you inhale the aroma of vanilla, the neurons in your brain "light up" with a characteristic pattern of activity. It turns out that pattern is, perhaps unsurprisingly, unique from the pattern of brain activity associated with a whiff of skunk spray. The ...

Grizzlies set to invade high Arctic?

...when we go up there, and people would normally say you don't have to worry about grizzlies because it's really just polar bear country," he says. "But I think that's no longer the case." Dr. England notes that the grizzly bear find is a highly visible example of important changes occurring in the Arctic...

Measuring hormone cuts antibiotic use in half in pneumonia patients

...inued for 10 to 14 days, because nobody knows when you can stop without a risk for the patient," he said. Because levels of procalcitonin have been found to be elevated in patients with bacterial infection but not viral infection or other inflammatory diseases, Dr. Tamm and colleagues decided to study w...

Biochemists report discovery of structure of major piece of telomerase; implications for cancer

...ifested by progressive bone-marrow failure. "When you look at the sequence on paper, it doesn't look like some of these mutations would have much effect on the overall three-dimensional structure," Feigon said. "However, it turns out, for instance, that changing a single 'C' nucleotide to a 'U' nucleoti...

Scientists discover that three overlapping signals in embryo help get the backbone right

...our back-belly axis is such an important step that you actually have multiple proteins being expressed th...hrough all vertebrate evolution," Khokha said. "If you cut out a similar tissue and transplant it in a mouse, you also get the Siamese twin phenomenon. So,...

Marine sponge yields nanoscale secrets

...e ocean next to the UCSB campus, said Morse. "When you remove the tissue you're left with a handful of fiberglass needles as fine as spun glass or cotton. This primitive skeleton supports the structure of the sponge, and we've discovered how this glass is made biologically." The newly reported research ...

Study reveals dramatic difference between breast cancers in US and Africa

...that over the course of one year. That should give you some idea of how neglected this continent is by cancer researchers." The Breast Cancer Research Foundation and the National Women's Cancer Research Alliance funded the study, which was presented April 18, 2005, at the 96th annual meeting of the Amer...

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