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Tag: "yeast" at biology news

NHGRI announces latest sequencing targets

...d is a project to sequence up to 50 strains of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The genome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was first completed in 1996 and is a primary model for studying variations in genomes that can contribute to health and disease. The genomic data provided by this effort will allow rese...

U of M researchers discover genetic key to treating deadly fungal infections

...of its chromosomes. Candida albicans, a type of yeast present in 80 percent of humans, is usually harmle...ll tolerate the antifungal drug, thus allowing the yeast to continue growing despite the presence of the drug. The discovery, which is reported in the Ju...

Johns hopkins researchers find link between cell's energy use and genome health

...ely knocking out two catalysts vital to managing a yeast cell's energy. They discovered to their complete s... Biomedical Sciences at Hopkins, Boeke's team uses yeast almost exclusively for such studies because even though they are single-celled organisms, they grow ...

Sandia work launched on space shuttle shows live cells influence growth of nanostructures

...r nanostructures whose formations were directed by yeast and other single cells can create more secure home...the leadership of Brinker demonstrated that common yeast cells (as well as bacterial and some mammalian cells) customize the construction of nanocompartments...

Parkinson's disease mechanism discovered

...d her colleagues had conducted a genetic screen in yeast to discover genes whose activity affected the toxi...witched on to suppress alpha-synuclein toxicity in yeast cells. "Our findings indicated that this ER-to-Golgi trafficking pathway is intimately coupled to t...

Survival of the selfless - scientists find cheats don't always prosper

... today, the team reports that studies of lab-grown yeast populations suggest the benefits of cheating are eventually counterbalanced by the costs. This contradicts classic evolutionary theory, which states that in a competition for common resources the long-term winner will always be the individual acting ...

A catalogue of proteins

...rgans. This result can be compared with studies on yeast cells. Their proteins have stayed "true" to their cell organelles over the course of evolution. Their localisation has apparently remained stable over almost a billion years, as simple organisms evolved all the way to mammals. These results are a mi...

New pathways for autoimmune treatment identified

...out of three problems ?an underactive parathyroid, yeast infection of the skin and/or mucous membrane and adrenal gland insufficiency ?by age 5 and up to 16 autoimmune diseases over a lifetime. The same mutation causes a defect in i NKT cells, a type of regulatory cell that helps the immune system fight...

Brittle prions are more infectious

...ine publication in Nature. The scientists studied yeast prions, which are similar to mammalian prions in t...ger protein clumping that can kill brain cells. In yeast cells, the insoluble prion protein is not deadly; it merely alters a cell's metabolism. Prions propa...

Scientists uncover rules for gene amplification

...ent the formation and growth of some tumors. Using yeast as a model organism, researchers at the Georgia In...o amplification. "We have a developed a system in yeast which would mimic the situation in human cancer cells wherein oncogenes might be located next to pal...

'Genetic network' guards against lethal DNA damage

The discovery in yeast cells of a genetic network that guards against let...ogy Center at the Hopkins School of Medicine. The yeast cell is an excellent model for this kind of study because 25 percent of human disease genes are also...

A new way of looking at molecular motors

...e time, but in different proportions. For example, yeast uses six kinesins, five myosins, and one dynein while mammals have genes for more than 40 kinesins, 40 myosins and more than a dozen dyneins. Genetic and acquired defects in the motors cause disease by preventing developing cells from migrating to t...

New mechanism for essential genome-wide gene silencing identified

...hromosomes. In the study, conducted in a type of yeast called Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the scientists sh... because gene-regulation strategies first observed yeast and other lower-order organisms are often found in mammalian cells also, including humans. In an ind...

Rutgers researchers find fat gene

...le cell organism. "We isolated the PAP enzyme from yeast that corresponds in form to lipin in mammals and showed that yeast cells lacking the enzyme exhibited a 90 percent reduction in the yeast's version of fat loss," Carma...

Study suggests that publicly available genome data may contain small but significant errors

...ly labeled snippets from the genome of the fission yeast S. pombe and examined how they bind to probes arrayed on a glass slide, they were able to computationally derive the "distance" between probes in the genome and organize the probes along the genome. The resulting physical map of the S. pombe genome...

The closest look ever at the cell's machines

...derstanding of the cells of organisms ranging from yeast to humans," says Peer Bork, Head of the Structural...he molecules and atoms that make it up." Baker's yeast is evolutionary related to the cells of animals and humans, which means that the findings will be mo...

GlycoFi announces the first production of antibodies with human glycosylation in yeast

...glycosylation) can be produced in glyco-engineered yeast cell lines, and that by controlling the sugar stru...ge. "We have spent the last five years engineering yeast cell lines that perform human glycosylation, which now allows us to glycosylate proteins with unprec...

Largest study of human 'interactome' reveals a novel way

...s made by comparing human data with 6,014 genes in yeast and 2,284 genes in mice whose effect on survival was known, according to Pandey. "Our much larger database on genes and proteins gave us the information to set the record straight on how to measure a protein's importance," he says. Using this kind ...

Yale scientists decipher 'wiring pattern' of cell signaling networks

...xpression and relationship between proteins of the yeast cell "proteome," or the proteins that are active i... to assay the thousands of different proteins in a yeast cell for targets of the protein kinases. The 82 unique kinases, representing the majority of master ...

Researchers develop new method to help find deadly malaria parasite's Achilles heel

...ree Plasmodium protein interactions in common with yeast and none in common with the other species studied."The World Health Organization warns that malaria is a growing threat to health worldwide, particularly in poor countries. No malaria vaccine has been developed, and once powerful antimalarial drugs a...

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