yeast 2 2

Tag: "yeast" at biology news

Engineered yeast speeds ethanol production

...s from Whitehead Institute and MIT have engineered yeast that can improve the speed and efficiency of ethan.... One is that high ethanol levels are toxic to the yeast that ferments corn and other plant material into ethanol. By manipulating the yeast genome, the r...

GlycoFi and Dartmouth report full humanization of yeast glycosylation pathway in Science

For the first time, scientists have engineered yeast cells capable of producing a broad repertoire of r...ir report detailing the genetic engineering of the yeast Pichia pastoris to secrete human glycoproteins with fully complex, terminally sialyated N-glycans to...

From a lowly yeast, researchers divine a clue to human disease

...p, led by Brow and Eric Steinmetz, compared normal yeast to a strain with a mutated form of Sen1 that does not see the stop signal. "The Sen1 mutant reads right through the stop sign and keeps going," Brow says. Without a properly functional Sen1, RNA polymerase II "reads through" the end of the gene an...

Taking 'chips' to the next level of gene hunting

...ew TIP-chip contains evenly sized fragments of the yeast genome arrayed in dots left to right in the same o...n the chromosome. Boeke's team used the one-celled yeast genome as starting material because, unlike the human genome, which contains hundreds of thousands o...

Evolution and the workaround

... The Stowers researchers used the benign budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as their model organism a...secutive rounds of selection for best growers, the yeast came up with new strategies to carry out division. When the researchers analyzed the genetic conten...

Developing uses for sugar-cane bagasse: Biotechnology applied to the paper industry

...saccharose) or put in with the substrate (maltose, yeast extracts and so on). It can therefore be recycled in the system or eliminated in a second system associated with it. Replication of the fermentation trials at a larger scale, in an 18 litre bioreactor, confirmed the efficiency of the laccase produ...

Mutant mouse provides insights into breast cancer

...d were originally discovered at Cornell in baker's yeast ( S. cerevisiae ). The genes have remained largely unchanged throughout evolution and are evident in archaebacteria, yeast, mammals and more. It is unknown why the impaired Mcm4 genes in the Chaos3 mice led exclusively to breast cancer, Schimenti sai...

Scientists discover role for dueling RNAs

...nd of yin and yang quality. When conditions around yeast cells are good and rich in nutrients, the cells di...hromosomes as the original cell. However, when the yeast cells are starving, IME4 switches on and activates a process called meiosis. Here, the cells divide ...

Researchers image molecular motor structural changes

...nd her colleagues chose a kinesin found in baker's yeast that closely resembles kinesins found in humans, and which is well understood in terms of structure and biological activity. Previous work by Endow and colleagues has shown how molecular motors "walk" along microtubules. But they had not been able t...

Single molecular 'mark' seen as pivotal for genome compaction in spores and sperm

...g the molecule's activity during the production of yeast spores, the scientists saw the same activity durin... used in organisms as different from each other as yeast and mammals, suggesting that compaction has been important throughout evolution." Berger speculates...

Fighting like a girl or boy determined by gene in fruit flies

...er). Female flies fight over an extra dab of fresh yeast paste ?their version of dark chocolate, Kravitz said. The flies are videotaped. The movies are replayed in slow motion to record each move and countermove. "Ed has systematically developed reproducibly aggressive behavior in flies and paved the wa...

Cellular traffic backups implicated in skeletal malformations

...l and Developmental Biology. Similar mutations in yeast and cultured cells were lethal from the start, suggesting that no multicellular animal would be able to survive such a defect. But, the crusher mutation appears to only affect chondrocytes, the cells that form the fish's cartilaginous skeleton. Ch...

Molecular mechanism provides intra-cellular traffic signal

...e Cell Biology. While the finding was made using yeast cells, intra-cellular mechanisms discovered in yeast almost invariably correspond to processes in mammalian cells, including humans, and the mechanism Se...

New path from estrogen to survival in breast cancer cells described

...teins responsible for prolonging life span in both yeast and worms. "The fact that these molecules, which m...tered by NEDD8, the four-member research team used yeast as their experimental platform, and SENP8 as a tool. This enzyme is known to be able to separate NED...

How nature tinkers with the cellular clock

...be drawn from studying simple model organisms like yeast or fruit flies. ...

Eminent inventor of DNA fingerprinting gains new recognition

...tment ranges from the study of prokaryote systems, yeast and other lower eukaryotes, to behaviour and development in fruit-flies and other animals, the human genome, aspects of medical genetics and the genetics of evolution. ...

What controls stickiness of 'smart' chromosomal glue

..." To find out, the researchers experimented with yeast cells, selectively mutating the Rec8 subunit so that it could not be phosphorylated. They then studied how the cell's inability to phosphorylate Rec8 affected meiosis. Those experiments showed that phosphorylation is, indeed, important for governing ...

Cells use mix-and-match approach to tailor regulation of genes

...s that regulate a large proportion of genes in the yeast genome. The team used rigorous statistical tests to discover active combinations of transcription factors, as if the cells were mixing and matching parts of its regulatory-protein wardrobe to respond to different environmental conditions. The researc...

Heal thyself: Systems biology model reveals how cells avoid becoming cancerous

...nd Maya Agarwal analyzed the effect of exposure of yeast cells to MMS (methyl-methanesulfonate), a chemical...s of 30 transcription factors with more than 5,000 yeast genes. A transcription factor is a protein that, either alone or in combination with other transcrip...

Scientists discover a genetic code for organizing DNA within the nucleus

... predict a large number of nucleosome positions in yeast cells. Segal and his colleagues accomplished this by examining around 200 different nucleosome sites on the DNA and asking whether their sequences have something in common. Mathematical analysis revealed similarities between the nucleosome-bound s...

1 2 3 4 5 6