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Tag: "wiring" at biology news

First real-time view of developing neurons reveals surprises, say Stanford researchers

...hat neurons take their time establishing the final wiring of the brain. Young neurons send out branches in all directions in the hopes that some branches will connect to other neurons and form synapses that transfer information. As the neuron matures, some of these branches form stable synapses while others...

Examination of internal 'wiring' of yeast, worm, and fly reveals conserved circuits

...in the Feb. 8 PNAS supports the concept of a basic wiring diagram for all eukaryotes. Researchers in Califo...y of Sciences supports both the concept of a basic wiring diagram for all eukaryotic cells, and the idea that more selective pharmaceuticals could be designed...

A puzzle piece found in unraveling the wiring of the brain

...netics at BCM. "The cell biological basis of brain wiring is largely unknown. We are happy to have a new han...ly brain that lack sec15 not only display aberrant wiring patterns, but also show misplacement of proteins required for correct nerve cell contact choices. M...

Brain-injury rehabilitation depends on acetylcholine circuitry

...own of acetylcholine or those that encourage brain wiring growth "may enhance cortical plasticity and improve functional recovery following nervous system injury." The researchers also noted that brain circuitry that depends on other types of neurotransmitters such as noradrenalin, dopamine, or serotonin h...

The lopsided brain: Attention bias is shared by humans and birds

...hy humans likely has to do with asymmetries in the wiring of the brain's attention in the two hemispheres; the new finding in birds offers some insight into how and why this might be. In the new work, researchers tested two bird species, the domestic chick and the pigeon, for their performance on a task in...

Mosaic mouse technique offers a powerful new tool to study diseases and genetics

...rture. Our discovery makes us feel that cerebellum wiring is more genetically determined than previously thought." Powerful approach In a companion article published in the same edition of Cell, scientists Todd E. Anthony and Nathaniel Heintz of Rockefeller University describe MADM as "an elegant method" ...

Depression gene may weaken mood-regulating circuit

...ne." Since serotonin activity plays a key role in wiring the brain's emotion processing circuitry during early development, the researchers propose that the short variant leads to stunted coupling in the circuit, a poorly regulated amygdala response and impaired emotional reactivity ?resulting in increased...

How monarch butterflies are wired for navigation

..., the researchers were surprised to discover a key wiring connection between the light-detecting navigation sensors in the butterfly's eye and the creature's circadian clock--a critical link if the butterflies are to compensate for the time of day in using their "sun compass." The researchers' techniques i...

Researchers discover key to human embryonic stem-cell potential

...art of the body. We've uncovered a key part of the wiring diagram for these cells and can now see how this i...be a stem cell. The new work provides the first wiring diagram of human embryonic stem-cell regulatory circuitry. "This gives us a framework to further und...

New study to explore cellular circuitry

...l join a team seeking to create the first complete wiring diagram of a living cell. By wiring diagram, researchers mean a detailed model, not only of the cell's genes and their function, but als...

New battery technology helps stimulate nerves

... nerves to help overcome the faulty nervous system wiring at the heart of Parkinson's, epilepsy and incontinence. "The idea is that whenever you have a broken nerve connection, you can supply the electrical impulse to complete the circuit," West explains. The microstimulator was developed by a consortium ...

Scientists crack code for motor neuron wiring

...ld be that injury causes subtle alterations in the wiring of spinal circuits, and these alterations may constrain the capacity for full recovery of motor function. So, the more that is understood about the basic workings of this locomotor circuit, the better chance there is of developing regenerative strate...

ASU researchers 'wire' DNA to identify mutations

..." Measurement of DNA conductivity first requires wiring the molecule into an electrical circuit. "There are two things required to make a reliable measurement," said Tao. "One is that the DNA has to be tethered between two electrodes and the other is that it should be done in a slightly salty, water envir...

Animal models show that anabolic steroids flip the adolescent brain's switch for aggression

...tical window in brain development can change their wiring for good. He says, "Because the developing brain is more adaptable and pliable, steroids could change the trajectory if administered during development." His lab is releasing other new findings, as yet unpublished, that the serotonin system ?implic...

Master genetic switch found for chronic pain

... that the Runx1-deficient animals showed deficient wiring of certain types of pain neurons. In key experiments, the researchers measured the Runx1-deficient animals' response to four types of pain--thermal, mechanical, inflammatory, and neuropathic. The researchers produced a pain response by subjecting t...

Chemical signaling helps regulate sensory map formation in the brain

...y the brain." "Topographic maps are a very common wiring strategy in our brains," he said. Similar systems are thought to regulate other sensory systems -- such as hearing and touch, as well as motor systems -- but the visual system has been the predominant model system for studying the development of suc...

Long-term changes in experience cause neurons to sprout new long-lasting connections

...future studies aimed at understanding the neuronal wiring process in greater detail. For example, he and his...y itself, to understand the changes in the brain's wiring diagram caused by spine growth. ...

Protein connections: A network to understand disease

...idal. "We are in the business of understanding the wiring diagram of cells. In each cell, there are 20,000 to 25,000 proteins, and they interact with one another. We know that many diseases are basically related back to mutations in genes. But what if the whole network was perturbed in a way to cause diseas...

New roles for growth factors: Enticing nerve cells to muscles

...axons to "wire" the appropriate muscle fiber. The wiring process is highly orchestrated –each motor neuron has already pledged allegiance to a particular muscle fiber before it reaches out to connect with its predetermined partner. But until now, scientists could only speculate how the invisible bond was f...

Salk and Stanford teams join forces to reveal two paths of neurodegeneration

.... But the mutant Wlds protein doesn't hamper the wiring process in developing brains. In newborn Wlds mice, axons extending from nerve cells (called RGCs) in the retina to a brain center called the superior colliculus were still undergoing their normal pruning process, the Salk researchers observed, The...

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