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Tag: "window" at biology news

Simulations unravel outer membrane transport mechanism

... up large molecules. Their findings provide a rare window on the complex interplay of proteins involved in the active transport of materials across cell membranes. Their study, which includes a collaborator from the University of Virginia, appears online in the Biophysical Journal and was described in the ...

Runners -- Let thirst be your guide

...f your body’s need for fluids, and that there is a window of time over which you can rehydrate safely,” he says. While a person “needs to lose about 1-2 percent of body water before thirst will reliably remind you to drink, losing that little is not sufficient to cause any significant health problems,” Verb...

Gene therapy study shows safety and statistically significant improvement in Parkinson's disease

...sive. Moreover, the PET results offer an important window into the function of the living brain in these patients, which supports a normalization of brain activity specific to the treated hemisphere.” The study used an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector to deliver an inhibitory gene (glutamic acid decar...

The quest for an effective HIV vaccine presents new possibilities, challenges

...anent reservoir of infected cells in the body. The window of opportunity to prevent long-term HIV infection may close permanently once a pool of latently infected cells is in place, Drs. Johnston and Fauci note. Neutralizing antibodies, which can attach to and eliminate free virus, only appear after HIV lev...

First demonstration of new hair follicle generation in an animal model

...w hair follicles. This suggests that the embryonic window created by the wound-healing process can be used to manipulate hair-follicle regeneration, leading to novel ways to treat hair loss and hair overgrowth. These findings go beyond just a possible treatment for male-pattern baldness. If researchers c...

Iowa State scientists demonstrate first use of nanotechnology to enter plant cells

... walls. This would provide plant biologists with a window into intracellular events. The Iowa State team, which has been working on the research in plants for less than three years, started with an Iowa State University proprietary technology developed previously by Lin’s research group. It is a porous, ...

Scientists seek useful traits in wild cottons

... are expensive and often only provide a three-week window of protection against this hungry pest, Arnold said. Arnold raises thrips on wheat, a favorite host plant, and forces them to move to neighboring cotton plants by killing the wheat with herbicide. "This produces massive thrips pressur...

Do fruit flies have free will?

...ple flies who otherwise keep bouncing off the same window have the capacity for nonrandom spontaneity if given the chance." The researchers tethered fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) in completely uniform white surroundings and recorded their turning behavior. In this setup, the flies do not receive ...

Study of protein folds offers insight into metabolic evolution

... protein architecture. Their approach offers a new window on the evolutionary history of metabolism. The study appears this week in the online edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Their work relies on established techniques of phylogenetic analysis developed in the past decade...

Revealing the machinery underlying the 'plastic' juvenile brain

...ity of the young brain occurs only during a narrow window of time known as the critical period. For example, children deprived of normal visual stimulation during an early critical period of the first few years of life suffer the permanent visual impairment of amblyopia. Now, researchers comparing the gene...

Darwin's famous finches and Venter's marine microbes

...w in the lab," explains Manning. "GOS opens a huge window into biological and genomic diversity and, within this diversity, to better understand many of the fundamentals of biology." he adds. Expanding the universe of protein families But instead of whole genomes, metagenomics produces a whole grab...

New findings blow a decade of assumptions out of the water

...use where the thermostat is many rooms away from a window that has swung open, letting in cold air. The house could get quite chilly before the draft reaches the thermostat and the furnace turns on. But if the thermostat is in the same room as the window, the furnace will turn on and even out the temperatur...

Prenatal cocaine's lasting cellular effects

... levels of intravenous cocaine during a very short window of time during gestation -- equivalent to the late first trimester and early second trimester in humans -- caused specific alterations in brain circuits that use the neurotransmitter dopamine. Additionally, these cocaine-exposed offspring showed atte...

Ocean's 'twilight zone' may be a key to understanding climate change

...team examined a variety of processes to open a new window into the difficult-to-explore twilight zone. They successfully used a wide array of new tools, including an experimental device that overcame a longstanding problem of how to collect marine snow falling into the twilight zone. ...

Turning a cellular sentinel into a cancer killer

...normal cells. "That gives us a broader therapeutic window in which the cancer cells respond rapidly by one of these two mechanisms, whereas normal cells seem to tolerate reactivation of p53 quite well," he said. In the December 29, 2006, issue of the journal Cell, Gerard Evan at the University of Californ...

New imaging technique tracks traffic patterns of white blood cells

... Dr. Paul S. Frenette. "In vivo imaging provides a window inside the body that allows us to see exactly which blood cells and which molecular constituents participate in the vascular occlusions. Advances in molecular imaging will likely lead to new targets for the treatment that will improve the life of pa...

Mutant gene causes severe kidney disease in infants

...on, we now think that there may be a critical time window during which treatment can overcome the development defects caused by PLCE1's loss of function." The discovery has important implications for pediatric nephrologists and pediatricians who treat infants with nephrotic syndrome, according to Hildebr...

'Super' enzyme may lead way to better tumor vaccines

...g the dendritic cells alive longer, you extend the window of activation, promoting the desirable immune response, which in the case of cancer, is the expansion of T-cells," said Dr. David Spencer, associate professor of immunology at BCM. "The longer your dendritic cells are alive and active, the more like...

Transplanted photoreceptor precursor cells restore visual function in mice with retinal degeneration

...l discoveries," says Swaroop, "is that there is a window of opportunity during which a cell has committed itself to becoming a rod but has not yet started to function as such." The collaboration with Ali's group, funded by the UK's Medical Research Council in London, was critical in testing the next p...

Gene therapy inhibits epilepsy in animals

...seizures in rats. "We have shown that there is a window to intervene after a brain insult to reduce the risk that epilepsy will develop," said one of the lead researchers, Amy R. Brooks-Kayal, M.D., a pediatric neurologist at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and associate professor of Neurology and...

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