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Tag: "when" at biology news

A gene's first 'kiss' sets off that affair known as puberty

Puberty, that awkward phase when boys and girls are primed for their sexual reprodu...stem regulates the hormones involved, just how and when the brain activates this process has been a great mystery. An appreciation of puberty's deep-seated ...

Chemists create 'Superbowl' molecule; May lead to better health

...in animals or humans. Until then, no one knows yet when this experimental molecule will actually enter the consumer market, but any useful application is likely to take five to ten years, the researcher estimates. Administration of the molecule for drug delivery could be by mouth or by injection, he adds....

Wisconsin scientists grow critical nerve cells

...generated neurons can communicate with other cells when transplanted into a living animal. The team will first test the neurons in chicken embryos. While the new results are promising and provide access to critical cells that may one day be used in therapy, it will likely be many years before they can be...

New push for public health, AIDS spending at African Union summit

...an HIV sufferers received a major boost this month when the US Food and Drug Administration approved the first ARV cocktail, which could open the taps on the promised $US15 billion that President George W Bush promised two years ago for the fight against AIDS. ...

Man and mouse share genome structures

...proteins that place methyl groups on histones can, when mutated, cause leukemia. Bernstein hopes to apply the new technology to characterize chromatin structure in leukemic cells and gain insight into the molecular basis of disease. "The human genome still has many surprises lurking within it," said Land...

Molecular biology fills gaps in knowledge of bat evolution

...vances our understanding of where bats originated, when they diversified and how different bat families are related to each other," Springer said. "It also quantifies the fraction of the fossil record that is missing for bats." The team, using DNA sequencing, analyzed data from portions of 17 nuclear gen...

Scientists ID molecular 'switch' in liver that triggers harmful effects of saturated and trans fats

...an do saturated fats. The researchers report that when activated by harmful fats, PGC-1beta alters liver ...d unsaturated fats. The research also showed that when the fats triggered PGC-1beta, the co-activator interacted physically and turned up the function of s...

Deficient DNA Repair Capacity Associated With Increased Risk Of Breast Cancer

...ncrease in the risk of breast cancer. In addition, when the data were stratified into quartiles of DNA repair capacity, the risk of breast cancer was three times higher among women with the poorest DNA repair capacity compared with those with the highest. "[T]hese data support the hypothesis that deficie...

Spleen may be source of versatile stem cells

...s, however, theprotein has an intriguing function: when creatures like newtsregenerate a lost limb or tail, production of Hox11 is radicallyincreased.As reported in their SAGE KE article, the MGH team did find that Hox11was produced in the spleens of adult mice by the same cells thatregenerated the islets...

UCSB scientists probe sea floor venting to gain understanding of early life on Earth

...e sea floor may most closely mimic the environment when life began. "There is a great deal of interest in...c crust. The fluids that emerge may come in bursts when earthquakes occur; fluid flow may therefore repeat episodically over hundreds of thousands of years ...

UAB scientists discover the origin of a mysterious physical force

...ged molecules, such as DNA and other biomolecules, when they are very close to each other in aqueous media...n in which an electric field is pointing. However, when the water is in contact with surfaces that create small electric fields, such as chemical compounds ...

Researchers discover way to make cells in the eye sensitive to light

...pupillary response was thesame as normal mice, but when they were exposed to bright light theirpupil constriction was incomplete.The researchers believe that while not a cure for blindness, thefindings could lead to therapies for treating some forms of blindness,such as retinitis pigmentosa. Retinitis pig...

It's not all genetic: Common epigenetic problem doubles cancer risk in mice

...ssistant professor of pathology and oncology. "But when the genetic mutation is present, too, we found a clear cost for what otherwise appears to be a benign effect of extra IGF2." The team's analysis of colon tissue samples from a dozen or so Johns Hopkins patients with suspected colon cancer suggests t...

Columbia research lifts major hurdle to gene therapy for cancer

...eadly protein is only unleashedinside cancer cells when the switch is flipped on by PEA-3 or AP-1.When added to a mix of normal and prostrate cancer cells, the virusentered both but only produced the toxic protein inside the cancercells. All the prostrate cancer cells died while the normal cells wereunaff...

Priming embryonic stem cells to fulfill their promise

...f the stem cellsthey tested. Unexpectedly however, when both collagen-1 and fibronectinwere combined in one niche, the liver cell differentiation rate wassubtly inhibited. "You would not predict that from the customary cellbiology experiments," said Bhatia. "By using this combinatorialtechnique we were su...

Growth in the sea comes down to a struggle for iron

...l support. Field work got underway in July, 2004, when Wells served as chief scientist on the Kilo Moana, a research ship that left Hawaii, bound for the sub-Arctic waters of the western Pacific. Owned by the Office of Naval Research and operated by the University of Hawaii, the ship was loaded with equi...

Lack of enzyme turns fat cells into fat burners

...nt higher in the fat cells of the mice lackingACC2 when compared to normal mice. When they were fed a high fat, highcarbohydrate diet for four to five months, the ACC2-deficient mice hada 25 percent higher rate of fatty acid oxidation and twofold higherrate of glucose oxidation than the normal mice.Others...

Poor prenatal nutrition permanently damages function of insulin-producing cells in the pancreas

...rment was permanent. It couldn't be corrected even when the body caught up to normal weight." Because studies of mice generally are good predictors of human biology, the Joslin study has important implications. "People and their doctors need to understand that prenatal undernourishment makes a person per...

Emory Study Tests Bone Marrow Stem Cells to Improve Circulation in Legs

...g,cramping or fatigue in the muscles of their legs when they walk. Thiscondition also is called " intermit...nderstand the reasons why.Recent studies show that when muscles do not receive enough blood, thebody makes growth factors that stimulate the bone marrow to ...

Fox Chase Cancer Center scientists identify immune-system mutation

...c finger transcription factor Th-POK. We show that when the normal form of this factor is active in all developing lymphocytes, it can redirect would-be killer cells to the CD4 helper T cell lineage. This indicates that Th-POK is a master regulator of the maturation process." Understanding the developmen...

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