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Tag: "vitro" at biology news

Researchers track how spores break out of dormant state

...e breaks out of its dormant state. But a new in vitro study of single germinating Bacillus atrophaeus sp...the end, 1- to 3- nm-wide fibrils remained. The in vitro AFM imaging also revealed the porous fibrous cell wall structure of newly emerging and mature vegeta...

Studies to find better ways to preserve human eggs, ovarian tissue under way

...utside the body, a process that could also make in vitro fertilization a lot more affordable. Others are lo... be discarded because they are not adequate for in vitro fertilization. They also are retrieving and maturing eggs from cow ovaries donated by a local slaugh...

Staphylococcus aureus hides out in cells

...ide human lung epithelial cells (A549) using an in vitro model. They found that shortly after S. aureus entered the lung cells, the bacteria’s gene expression profile dramatically changed: gene expression for bacterial metabolic functions and transport shut down, putting the bacteria in a dormant state. Si...

AAAS decries latest stem cell veto

...embryos left over and due to be discarded after in vitro fertility treatments. Current U.S. policy limits such funding to fewer than 20 stem cell lines that had been created when the president first announced U.S. policy in 2001. "Our concern is that this action has the potential to delay development of...

Avian influenza survivors' antibodies effective at neutralising H5N1 strain

...ove effective at neutralising the virus in culture vitro and in mice. The H5N1 influenza virus has caused disease and death in millions of poultry across the globe and occasionally has been transmitted to humans, often fatally. By mid-May 2007, according to the World Health Organization, there had been 30...

Catching cancer's spread by watching hemoglobin

...obin. While the technique has been demonstrated in vitro (by excising tissue samples and imaging the vessels on a glass dish), imaging in the living body is possible either for vessels up to a millimeter below the surface or through the use of minimally invasive probes, being developed in various labs, tha...

Fat screen delivers plant-derived chemical with antidiabetic effects

...ule that both promotes fat cell differentiation in vitro and improves glucose tolerance in vivo," Tontonoz's team concluded. The biological activities of harmine and TZDs underscore the fact that links between fat tissue and insulin resistance are complex and are likely to involve not only changes in fat t...

Baumann Lab defines proteins that distinguish chromosome ends from DNA double-strand breaks

...a break," said Dr. Baumann. "By establishing an in vitro assay for chromosome end protection and by implicating specific proteins, we have opened the door to elucidate the mechanism by which RAP1/TRF2 inhibits double-strand break repair at chromosome ends." "These findings are important for establishing...

DNA-damage test could aid drug development

...umption is that, for some biological processes, in vitro human models could be closer to in vivo human than in vivo mouse," notes Shuga. "That premise will be tested in coming years as new systems become available." ...

New player in commitment to life as a fat cell

...and sufficient for adipose differentiation both in vitro and in vivo, the researchers said. Treatments that inhibited XOR activity in cells blocked fat formation and PPAR-gamma activity, the researchers reported. Likewise, increased XOR levels hiked activity of the PPAR-gamma receptor in both fat cells ...

Soft-cell approach cuts animal tests

...rtantly, the toxic measurements obtained by the in vitro method, such as the amount of a contaminant needed... team has demonstrated the feasibility of their in vitro technique for: formaldehyde, an industrial contaminant linked to human cancer; nitrogen ...

Anti-wrinkle compound causes pathological reaction in skin cells

...ugh the way they work is not yet understood. In vitro tests conducted by Dr. Marceau’s team revealed that the application of DMAE induces a quick and spectacular swelling of skin cell vacuoles called fibroblasts, which act as reservoirs and interface between the inside and the outside of the cell. In...

Cancer-killing invention also harvests stem cells

...They then did a series of lab experiments, both in vitro and in vivo using rats, with this selectin-coated tube to filter the bloodstream for stem cells. It worked, and the King Lab discovered that they could attract a large number of cells to the wall of their selectin-coated device, and that 38% of thes...

Gallium: A new antibacterial agent?

...al systems by substituting for Fe, inhibits the in vitro growth of Pseudomonas aeruginonsa; even multidrug resistant strains of P. aeruginonsa isolated from individuals with cystic fibrosis. Ga also prevented P. aeruginonsa forming biofilms, the multi-cellular bacterial communities responsible for chronic ...

Scientists produce neurons from human skin

...of Medicine have succeeded in producing neurons in vitro using stem cells extracted from adult human skin. ...from the skin can proliferate and differentiate in vitro when placed in the appropriate environment. They progressively took on the oblong shape typical of n...

MicroRNA helps prevent tumors

...would lead toward tumor creation. In a standard in vitro test of cancer-causing genes, colonies of mouse cells that expressed normal or shortened Hmga2 did not grow significantly, while cells in which Hmga2 contained disrupted let-7 sites did. In fact, the more that let-7 sites were damaged, the greater th...

Many couples choose to donate surplus embryos for stem cell research

...e interviewed at least 3 years after undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) chose to donate their surplus, stored embryos for stem cell research, according to a report by the Spanish Stem Cell Bank in an April 26, 2007, advanced online publication of Cell Stem Cell, a new publication of Cell Press in affi...

Widely used iron nanoparticles exhibit toxic effects on neuronal cells

...ially investigated the nanoparticles for use in in vitro studies as a possible way to manipulate nerve cells remotely with magnetic force. Eventually they had hoped to conduct in vivo experiments, using nanoparticles-laden nerve cells to bridge regions of damaged neurons. However, when they added nerve gro...

Unicellular microRNA discovery

...as they can direct the cleavage of target mRNAs in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, they found that miRNA expression patterns changed during gamete differentiation, suggesting a possible role in regulating sexual reproduction. The discovery of miRNAs in a unicellular organism has evolutionary implication...

Clues to gene expression in cystic fibrosis will guide research

... The team used a dual reporter gene assay first in vitro and then in CF patients. The study found that a sm...ide effects, may have treatment potential. The in vitro method used to predict the trial’s outcome could be a first step to developing treatments effective ...

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