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Tag: "virus" at biology news

Plant Sacrifices Cells to Fight Invaders

...ctions in a type of tobacco easily infected with a virus in the laboratory. The model system allowed the researchers to inactivate, or silence, a gene important to the plant's PCD response. In particular, when the gene was inactivated, the plant was unable to regulate the extent of PCD, leading to excessiv...

NIAID begins clinical trial of West Nile virus vaccine

...ety of an experimental vaccine targeting West Nile virus (WNV) opened today at the National Institutes of H...al vaccine. "Although the prevalence of West Nile virus disease fluctuates seasonally and regionally, it continues to pose a serious public health threat, e...

Genetic therapy reverses nervous system damage in animal model of inherited human disease

... humans. The gene is transported via a neutralized virus that "infects" cells with the functioning gene. Since the blood-brain barrier would block the virus carrying the gene if it were circulating in the bloodstream, the researchers injected the virus dire...

Friendly bacteria in humans may protect against HIV

... do not cause disease. They target HIV because the virus is coated with the sugar mannose, which they use a...revealed two strains that specifically trapped the virus and blocked infection. Due to high rates of mutation, repeated attempts at developing a vaccine to ...

Defensins Ward Off HIV In Two Ways

...cells to block HIV infection at the stage when the virus is taken up by the cell and begins replicating its...The finding that alpha-defensin-1 acts on both the virus and the cell offers insights into the function of alpha-defensin-1 in innate immunity against HIV. I...

Secret of smallpox's success may lead to bioterror cure

...that there have been clues to this property of the virus present in historical results from using vaccinia,...m is apparently better able to detect the vaccinia virus than it is smallpox, and thus vaccinia alerts the immune system in time to counteract the smallpox i...

Basis for DNA ejection from single phage particles

Studying phage, a primitive class of virus that infects bacteria by injecting its genomic DNA into host cells, researchers have gained insight into the driving force behind this poorly understood injection process, which has been proposed in the past to occur through the release of pressure a...

Gladstone investigators discover how resting T cells avoid HIV infection

...the large form in activated CD4 T cells, where the virus efficiently grows and wreaks havoc. They further s... enzymatically active form of A3G, which stops the virus in its tracks." CD4 T cells are a class of lymphocytes, or white blood cells, that fight infection ...

Scientists discover how Ebola virus infects cells

Ebola virus reproduction in laboratory-grown cells is severely...rve further study as possible treatments for Ebola virus infections in humans, report scientists supported in part by the National Institute of Allergy and I...

Molecular fossils uncover link between viruses and the immune system

...this framework at the molecular level. However, as virus sequences diverge rapidly and they do not leave behind physical fossils due to their small size, these methods could not be used in studies of the evolution of viruses. ...

AIDS Public Awareness Campaign Expands Following Report Of Rapidly Progressive HIV

...ad of HIV and further protect New Yorkers from the virus that causes AIDS. Dr. Novello said, "In light of ...HIV taking precautions to prevent transmitting the virus to others. This prevention campaign includes the use of bus and subway advertisements in New York Ci...

Retrovirus struck ancestors of chimpanzees and gorillas millions of years ago, but did not affect ancestral humans

...s, according to research by genome scientists. The virus struck after humans had split off the evolutionary...that it was the remnant of a retrovirus, a type of virus that copies its genetic information into the host's genome. Evidence suggests that the 'retroelement...

Sugar beet virus mutation requires Texas touch

...002 when a new strain of beet necrotic yellow vein virus emerged. The new strain threatened sugar beet pro... devastating and found worldwide, while the mosaic virus is not as destructive and is limited to the United States. Growers, breeders and industry officials...

How A Latent Virus Eludes Immune Defenses

For a virus to survive, it must elude the ever vigilant immune sentinels of its host. A latent virus can escape immune detection if it resides in nondividing cells and doesn’t produce any proteins. No ...

Touching Molecules With Your Bare Hands

For a virus to survive, it must elude the ever vigilant immune sentinels of its host. A latent virus can escape immune detection if it resides in nondividing cells and doesn’t produce any proteins. No ...

Ancient immune defense mechanism is no match for HIV-1

... what might be a long sought after weakness in the virus may have application for rational design of future...terference (RNAi) and can silence the ability of a virus to successfully reproduce itself. Although this mechanism has been artificially manipulated to selec...

Bee mites suppress bee immunity, open door for viruses and bacteria

...eve that a combination of bee mites, deformed wing virus and bacteria is causing the problems occurring in ...a may infect the feeding location." Deformed wing virus is endemic among honey bees in the U.S., although when the European bees became historically infeste...

Chimp genome reveals a retroviral invasion

...ive cells) or the germline (sperm or egg). If the virus invades a nonreproductive cell, infection may spread, but viral DNA will die with the host. A retrovirus is called endogenous when it invades the germline and gets passed on to offspring. Because endogenous retroviruses can alter gene function and ge...

UCLA study assesses cost-effectiveness of Hepatitis B drugs

...t common serious liver infection in the world. The virus attacks liver cells and chronic hepatitis B disease can lead to liver failure, cirrhosis or cancer of the liver. About 90 percent of healthy adults who are infected with Hepatitis B recover with no problems, but 10 percent develop chronic disease. In...

Rabies spread speeds up

...ease - where new outbreaks might occur and how the virus might spread. In a new study reported in the freely-available online journal PLoS Biology, Real and colleagues apply a mathematical model to predict the likely spread of rabies across Ohio - a potential gateway for spread throughout the Midwest - and...

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