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Tag: "virulence" at biology news

Scientists decipher genome of fungus that can cause life-threatening infections

... 13 in Science Express, revealeddifferences in the virulence strategies used by C. neoformans comparedto other ...ort as 7 to 10 days following diagnosis."The major virulence factor of C. neoformans is its extensivepolysaccharide capsule, an elaborate and dynamic structure s...

Scientists reveal molecular secrets of the malaria parasite

...ences between themalarial species are found in the virulence factors (which are at thechromosome ends) while the "housekeeping" genes are almost totallyunchanged. * Researchers showed that the parasite genes evolve mostrapidly when they are expressed in the mammal hosts (human/mouse). Thatmay represent a mecha...

Multiple Campylobacter Genomes Sequenced

...eces of DNA may carry genes that improve bacterial virulence or fitness, so their presence could help to explai...l., who also describe a new putative Campylobacter virulence locus. Further work is needed to relate these genomic differences to functional differences, but thi...

Light therapy may combat fungal infections, new evidence suggests

...sponse. Loss of the same genes also reduces fungal virulence in mice, they reported. Earlier studies had linke...ungus died by day 30. The finding points to novel virulence pathways, Heitman said, as the BWC1 and BWC2 mutants were not impaired for any of the characteristic...

Immune system's distress signal tells bacteria when to strike back

...l they are sufficiently numerous, they produce two virulence factors, molecular weapons known as PA-I and Pyocyanin. PA-I causes the barrier cells that line the host's bowel to become more permeable, which renders them more susceptible to the microbe's toxins. Pyocyanin enhances the germ's ability to pass thro...

Novel plague virulence factor identified

...ter have identified a previously unknown family of virulence factors that make the bacterium responsible for th...common roundworm is a valid model for studying the virulence of Yersinia pestis, the bacterium that causes plague. They also showed that the interaction between ...

New Look at DNA Hints at Origin of UV Damage

...ter have identified a previously unknown family of virulence factors that make the bacterium responsible for th...common roundworm is a valid model for studying the virulence of Yersinia pestis, the bacterium that causes plague. They also showed that the interaction between ...

Emerging staph strains found to be increasingly deadly and deceptive

...become severe or fatal is not well understood, but virulence is often associated with certain strains," says Jovanka Voyich, Ph.D., of RML, the study's lead author. To cause human disease, bacterial pathogens must avoid being killed by neutrophils. "These results," says Dr. Voyich, "suggest that community-acqu...

CO2 sensing proves critical for fungal pathogens to adapt to life in air and human hosts

...nsport are involved in many cellular processes and virulence attributes of diverse pathogenic bacteria and fung...olution, have different attributes governing their virulence in humans. For C. albicans, a transition between different morphological forms ("yeast" and "filamen...

Small molecule inhibitor of cholera discovered

...entified several that turned off the expression of virulence proteins, factors that help the bacteria invade it...Since most disease-causing organisms use elaborate virulence factors such as toxins to do their damage, the new approach should be widely applicable. "There is n...

Scientists determine structure of enzyme that disrupts bacterial virulence

..."turn on" a variety of genes, often increasing the virulence of the accumulating bacteria. This population-sensing results in a type of bacterial "group think" because certain genes are not turned on until a minimum number of bacteria are present. Hence, this phenomenon is called quorum-sensing. "Being ab...

New possibilities for flu antiviral and vaccine research emerge from 'Spanish flu' virus

...so provide a benchmark for measuring the potential virulence of future flu strains as they emerge. Using the v...extreme virulence. One gene associated with high virulence was the HA gene, which encodes the hemagglutinin surface protein that helps the virus attach to cell...

Breaking the mold: Research teams sequence three fungus genomes

...olite production. In other words, A. fumigatus 's virulence genes are likely complex and mixed up with normal metabolic capabilities, Nierman says. He and his colleagues now plan to systematically "knock out," or disable, genes that might make A. fumigatus infectious. Eventually, Nierman adds, this work cou...

The bioweapon is in the post

...k is that terrorists could order genes thatfconfer virulence to dangerous pathogens such as the Ebola virus, and engineer them into another virus or bacterium. They could also order genes for a hazardous bacterial toxin ?although many of these are also available by isolating the microorganisms from the environ...

Bacteria that cause tooth decay able to survive without important biochemical pathway

...has been demonstrated to be important to bacterial virulence and growth and has the potential to become a target in fighting infectious diseases, he said. "Really, we started with a very basic question related primarily to S. mutans, 'how does this bacteria tolerate acid?'" said Brady. "Asking that question h...

UCSD study finds anthrax toxins also harmful to fruit flies

... flies can be used to test the effects of a single virulence factor, such as the LF or EF toxins, on signaling pathways shared by flies and humans. Guichard and her co-authors applied lethal factor toxin to fruit fly embryos and larvae and observed that a component of the expected signaling pathway was inacti...

Wisconsin scientists discover a master key to microbes' pathogenic lifestyles

... cell shape, cell wall composition, and changes in virulence gene expressions." These changes, according to Kl...iscovery of the switch that governs dimorphism and virulence in this prevalent class of fungi provides a target for new therapeutic agents and might even help un...

Driver of anthrax toxicity could lead to late-stage therapy

... biological interest and bioterrorism concern. The virulence of the bacteria depends on separate complexes formed by interaction of a carrier protein, protective antigen, with lethal and edema factors responsible for the toxic effects and swelling that impairs the host's immune response. In the current study...

Scientists discover a new disease-causing bacterium in an immune-compromised patient

...able genomes of CGD pathogens may provide clues to virulence properties that they share in common," according to the article. ...

Soil-bound prions that cause CWD remain infectious

...able genomes of CGD pathogens may provide clues to virulence properties that they share in common," according to the article. ...

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