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Tag: "view" at biology news

Insight into our sight: A new view on the evolution of the eye lens

...ncapable of forming an image. This has lead to the view that the lens evolved within the vertebrates early in vertebrate evolution, and it raises a long-standing question in evolutionary biology: How could a complex organ with such special physical properties have evolved? In their new work, Shimeld and ...

Researchers predict infinite genomes

...ent of its diversity." To interpret this infinite view of microbial genomes, Tettelin and colleagues propose describing a species by its "pan-genome": the sum of a core genome, containing genes present in all strains, and a dispensable genome, with genes absent from one or more strains and genes unique t...

Discovery of T-cell 'traffic control' boosts new drug promise

...promising essential immune defenses. The emerging view brings together research findings on S1P's effect on both the immune system and the blood-circulating vascular system, showing how the two systems interact to regulate T cell circulation and prevent a constant and potentially dangerous release of T c...

The synapse is a shotgun

... involved in neuronal communication. The textbook view of the synapse describes it as a place where rifle...at you can't really trust the traditional textbook view -- in which all the vesicles are released at the active zone -- that's taken for granted now." The ...

Gap-climbing fruit flies reveal components of goal-driven behaviors

...aracterized in the new work profoundly changes our view of how insect behavior is composed and employed in response to the environment. ...

Multi-species genome comparison sheds new light on evolutionary processes, cancer mutations

...scovery of these breakage hotspots, the prevailing view among scientists was that such rearrangements occurred at random locations. "This study shows the tremendous power of using multi-species genome comparisons to understand evolutionary processes, including those with potential relevance to human dise...

New tool reveals secrets of migrating cells

...wavelength light. In the thymus, it's possible to view cells 400 microns inside the cortex, which is about 4/10 of a millimeter or more than a hundredth of an inch deep. In the current study, Witt limited her viewing to about 200 microns, though she says in some tissues less dense than the thymus, light ...

New defibrillator signals doctor of patient's irregular heartbeat or device malfunction

... any heart rhythm abnormality which the doctor can view on a secure website. "The patient doesn't have to press any button or call the doctor to activate the system," said cardiac electrophysiologist Dr. Niraj Varma, associate professor of medicine, division of cardiology, Loyola University Chicago Str...

International Team Determines Geographic Origin of Leprosy

...'s global migration and contradict a commonly held view that leprosy spread to West Africa directly from East Africa, say the researchers. The international team of investigators, who identified rare genetic variations among strains of the bacterium that causes leprosy, included Patrick J. Brennan, Ph.D....

Random gene expression may drive HIV into hiding

...cy were coming at it from a deterministic point of view based on the belief that the system can only act in a predetermined way," said lead author Leor Weinberger, who conducted the research as an HHMI predoctoral fellow in the laboratory of HHMI investigator Adam Arkin, in close collaboration with David ...

Malaria mechanism revealed

... blood cells. An important idea stemming from this view is that blocking the RII interaction--with drugs or vaccines--should block glycophorin A receptor binding and forestall malaria infection. To test this idea, the researchers created altered versions of the RII protein that they predicted would block...

How exactly does the brain control breathing?

...s (recently published in Nature Neuroscience). To view this fascinating exchange of views published in Experimental Physiology- Retrotrapezoid nucleus: a litmus test for the identification of central chemoreceptors Patrice G. Guyenet, Ruth L. Stornetta, Douglas A. Bayliss and Daniel K. Mulkey Exp Physio...

Cancer related gene p53 not regulated as indicated by previous tissue culture research

... activation of the p53 pathway. Having an accurate view of how p53 is regulated will allow the development of specific drugs that unleash the killing power of p53 by interfering with its negative regulators. Our cells are vulnerable to DNA breaks caused by UV light, ionizing radiation, toxic chemicals or...

High fidelity keeps human DNA assembly line humming

...ng RNA chain. This idea contradicts the prevalent view of how RNA and NTP bases hook up. Preloading of NTPs hints at a previously unknown quality control station to maintain accuracy of RNA synthesis. If an NTP doesn't match up properly with DNA, the system stalls ?and even backs up to correct the error....

Second messenger NAADP shows fast, dose-related impact on satiety cycle

... Tuesday April 5, Physiology 932.3/board #A438. On view 7:30 a.m. - 4 p.m. In addition, Ms. Yamasaki was chosen to participate in a special "controversy" session #654 of the Calcium Signaling Track on April 4 in room 29C of the Convention Center beginning at 10:30; her presentation is scheduled for 11:45...

15 generations of untrained jocks, couch potatoes show big physiological adaptations

...ratory system. Their boards, A487-A489, will be on view 7:30 a.m. - 4 p.m. "VO2max and muscle O2 transport in rats continue to diverge with further selective breeding for endurance running." Richard A. Howlett, University of California at San Diego. 936.2/A488. "Cardiovascular differences between rats s...

Lipids get new comprehensive classification system

... field, so it represents a well-balanced consensus view of what a modern-day lipid classification scheme should be." Examples of the classification scheme and interactive access to it can be viewed on the LIPID MAPS website at http://www.lipidmaps.org. ...

Experiment station researchers to explore genome of disease-fighting fungus

...d researcher on the project. "We're going to get a view of all of the genes that might be responsible for producing antibiotics and potentially discover novel antibiotics used in therapy for humans or animals. "We know some of the genes responsible for known antibiotics, however, there are additional gen...

Two new retroviruses—transmitted from animals—identified

...similar to a "viewfinder" that affords a magnified view of the surgical site inside the patient. Equipped with a special, double-telescopic endoscope, the viewfinder allows surgeons to see the surgical site more closely than human vision allows, and to work at a smaller scale of detail than conventional s...

Penn Researchers Use Robotic Surgery

...similar to a "viewfinder" that affords a magnified view of the surgical site inside the patient. Equipped with a special, double-telescopic endoscope, the viewfinder allows surgeons to see the surgical site more closely than human vision allows, and to work at a smaller scale of detail than conventional s...

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