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Tag: "vertebrate" at biology news

Clam embryo study shows pollutant mixture adversely affects nerve cell development

...eir studies to a new model system: thezebrafish, a vertebrate with more similarities to humans.Reinisch's work on BCE is funded by a STAR grant from the United StatesEnvironmental Protection Agency. Science supported by the STAR programis rigorously peer reviewed.Study Background and Research MethodsWhen MBL re...

Study identifies predictors of HIV drug resistance in patients beginning triple therapy

...eir studies to a new model system: thezebrafish, a vertebrate with more similarities to humans.Reinisch's work on BCE is funded by a STAR grant from the United StatesEnvironmental Protection Agency. Science supported by the STAR programis rigorously peer reviewed.Study Background and Research MethodsWhen MBL re...

Scientists reveal molecular secrets of the malaria parasite

...es in their mosquito vectors, three stagesin their vertebrate hosts and a sexual development stage during whicht...riptionalregulation) at the transition between the vertebrate host and themosquito. That motif regulates proteins that are switched on as theparasite enters the m...

Unexpressed But Indispensable -- The DNA Sequences That Control Development

...erved between them are likely to be fundamental to vertebrate development. Through sequence alignment with increasingly strict criteria, they identified 1,373 highly conserved non-coding elements (CNEs), with an average length of about 200 base pairs. The average sequence match is 84%: not perfect, but much hig...

Biodiversity hotspots identify conservation priorities

...ean Islands Hotspot, for example, has 24 plant and vertebrate families that are found nowhere else on Earth. "We... world's oak and pine tree species, and over 1,500 vertebrate species (including 134 endemic species). Among many charismatic flagship species in the region is th...

Glow-in-the-dark zebrafish at UH hold keys to biological clocks

...fish per week. The per3-luc zebrafish is the first vertebrate system available for this level of high-throughput...olecular, cellular and physiological mechanisms of vertebrate circadian rhythmicity, photoreceptor cell and molecular biology, and neurobiology. He is a member of...

miRNA profiling

...They also identified ?for the first time ever in a vertebrate ?a new class of small RNAs, called repeat-associat... RNAs. Because of the importance of zebrafish as a vertebrate model organism, this analysis provides an important starting point for dissecting of function and ev...

Scientists journey to southern Africa to unravel the secret world of elephant communication

...s, including spiders, scorpions, insects and a few vertebrate species, such as white-lipped frogs, kangaroo rats and golden moles. Seismic sensitivity also has been observed in elephant seals--huge marine mammals not related to elephants. But O'Connell-Rodwell was the first to suggest that a large land animal ...

Biochemists report discovery of structure of major piece of telomerase; implications for cancer

...s of RNA come together to form a triple helix. All vertebrate animals investigated so far have nearly the identical sequence of nucleotides through the triple helix, Theimer said. "The triple helical structure of the pseudoknot must be significant since it is conserved from humans to marsupials, birds and marin...

Undesirable expatriates: Preventing the spread of invasive animals

...uctions may become more common. The bottom line-- vertebrate animals have a high rate of invasion success. Once established, they can act as biological pollutants that result in ecological and economic damages. "The best way to combat invasive species is to prevent them from being introduced. As global trade i...

Scientists discover that three overlapping signals in embryo help get the backbone right

A major step in the development of the vertebrate embryo - the establishment of a back that morphs i...ally identified in newts, is conserved through all vertebrate evolution," Khokha said. "If you cut out a similar tissue and transplant it in a mouse, you also get...

Ancient immune defense mechanism is no match for HIV-1

...successfully thwarts this rare form of immunity in vertebrate cells. However, elucidation of the mechanism HIV-1... viruses naturally elicit this type of immunity in vertebrate cells. Drs. Yamina Bennasser and Kuan-Teh Jeang from the Molecular Virology Section at the National...

NHGRI targets 12 more organisms for genome sequencing

...tebrates that developed jaws, an important step in vertebrate evolution. Other innovations in this group of animals include an adaptive immune system similar to that of humans, a closed and pressurized circulatory system, and myelination of the nervous system. Understanding these systems of the skate at a genet...

Discovery of an American salamander where it shouldn't be: Korea

... gotten there? Previously unknown but still living vertebrate species like this can provide us with key information on the history of life on earth." Karsen made the discovery in April 2003 while looking for salamanders in a wooded Korean upland as he would in his native Illinois - by turning over rocks. The p...

Spiders help scientists discover how muscles relax

...ally than the more disorganized filaments found in vertebrate striated muscle, Padron explained. Padron and Lo...atomic structure of isolated myosin molecules from vertebrate smooth muscle--the type of muscle found in the digestive tract, bladder, arteries, and veins--closel...

Scientists discover stem cell origin of neck and shoulders

...ons for clinical medicine and our understanding of vertebrate evolution. Scientists at the Wolfson Institute fo...ctures are uniform and are the basic components of vertebrate organisation. Our research suggests this is wrong and actually groups of stem cells create not only ...

Divergent life history shapes gene expression in brains of salmon

...t examinations of divergent life histories, in any vertebrate species, in that it combined the use of wild individuals, caught in a tributary of the Connecticut River in western Massachusetts, with new functional genomics technologies to simultaneously monitor thousands of genes in individual tissues. "Researc...

Micro-molecule plays big role in birth defects

...first-ever picture of how limbs would develop in a vertebrate without the help of microRNAs. When microRNAs were not available to turn off certain genes, the mice grew malformed, nonfunctional limbs. The finding may provide insight into human birth defects, but scientists say its greater value will be as a new...

Gap-climbing fruit flies reveal components of goal-driven behaviors

...rams employed by the flies show high similarity to vertebrate motor programs--for example, when a person is trying to reach a jar on a shelf high above her head, she will reach out with her arm and hand, will straighten her back, and tiptoe. Studying the underlying control principles and neuronal circuits in i...

MicroRNA tweaks protein that controls early heart development

...ern, developed a new method to predict targets for vertebrate microRNAs based on the genetic sequence of microRNA genes and the accessibility of the target mRNA. Dr. Zhao analyzed all the known microRNA targets in worms and fruit flies to determine what they had in common, hoping to find clues to help predict u...

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