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Tag: "versions" at biology news

Fighting like a girl or boy determined by gene in fruit flies

... major role reversal when the male and female gene versions are switched. With a feminine fruitless gene, male flies adopt more ladylike tactics, mostly the head butt and some shoving. With the masculine fruitless gene, females instinctively lunge to the exclusion of their usual maneuvers. The gender-bend...

Effective HIV control may depend on viral protein targeted by immune cells

...l viral proteins and also investigated whether the versions of HLA Class I molecules involved in the immune sy...the number of Gag fragments displayed by different versions of the Class I molecule. Mechanisms underlying the different effects of the protein-specific immu...

PLoS ONE is launched by the Public Library of Science

...fic journals have been little more than electronic versions of the printed copy. Today, that all changes with the launch of PLoS ONE, which publishes primary research from all areas of science and employs both pre- and post-publication peer review to maximize the impact of every report it publishes. PLoS ONE ...

Researchers reveal mystery of bacterial magnetism

...nces in behavior between magnetic and non-magnetic versions of the same bacterium," adds Professor Bruce Applegate. Professor Applegate directed the genetic engineering at Purdue, with the assistance of Professor Lazlo Csonka, Dr. Lynda Perry, and Ms. Kathleen O'Connor. In the past, scientists had suspect...

Blue eyes -- A clue to paternity

...was manipulated, so that for each model's face two versions were shown, one with the natural eye color (blue/brown) and another with the other color (brown/blue). The participants' own eye color was noted. Both blue-eyed and brown-eyed women showed no difference in their preferences for male models of eit...

MIT finds most complex protein knot ever seen

... except for the presence or absence of a knot. Two versions of the enzyme transcarbamylase, from humans and certain bacteria, catalyze different reactions, depending on whether or not there is a knot. The researchers speculate that somewhere along the evolutionary line, the sequence that allowed a protein to ...

Targeted virus compels cancer cells to eat themselves

...nd autophagy should be viewed as type 1 and type 2 versions of programmed cell death, Kondo says. In a Nature Reviews Cancer paper last September, Kondo and colleagues reviewed therapies and molecules that cause or inhibit the self-cannibalization process and compared autophagy and apoptosis, which has been m...

St. Jude test of bird flu vaccine proves successful

...May 3 at 12:30 pm EDT. The investigators used two versions of Vical's multi-component, DNA-based vaccine in the studies. One vaccine was directed against three viral proteins: NP and M2, which are "conserved" proteins that generally do not mutate quickly and therefore, are slow to avoid immune responses trig...

Researchers find protein that silences genes

...e genes expressed in adults might be alleviated if versions of those same genes that are only expressed very early in development, but are then silenced in adults, could only be turned on again. Though only dreams, at present, these sorts of ideas add to the excitement surrounding the field of epigenetics. ...

RNA found in the cellular centrosome of surf clams

...s research models. Clam eggs are modeled as simple versions of human cells, and biologists who study cell division value them for several reasons, according to Palazzo. The eggs develop fast, entering the process of cell division less than 15 minutes after fertilization, and, once fertilized, divide in synch ...

How bad is malaria anemia? It may depend on your genes

... Medicine. The research team also found different versions of "promoter" DNA sequences next to the MIF gene that control how much MIF protein a cell makes in response to infection. One version of the MIF promoter leads to less MIF protein made, while cells containing another version of the MIF promoter make ...

Snakes' virtual glasses, leopard spots and all-optical transistors

...s a building block in optical circuits and optical versions of microelectronic devices. Multiple Choice Makes Better Tests Michael Scott, Tim Stelzer, and Gary Gladding Physical Review Special Topics ?Physics Education Research http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRSTPER/v2/e020102 Multiple-choice tests are...

Tyrannosaur survivorship -- tough times for teens

...decades, scientists believed dinosaurs were bigger versions of living reptiles but this new research, published in the current issue of Science, shows that the life pattern of the Albertosaurus is closer to that of living large mammals. The pattern also shows that if the Albertosaurus lived until the age of t...

Pathway toward gene silencing described in plants

...e genes expressed in adults might be alleviated if versions of those same genes that are only expressed very early in development, but are then silenced in adults, could only be turned on again. "The pathway we are studying is part of an interesting phenomenon that occurs in plants, and reportedly in humans...

A clue from macaques yields evidence for impaired retroviral defense genes in humans

...s to screen human populations for slightly altered versions of TRIM5 that might be able to resist HIV infectio...of retroviral infections may have allowed impaired versions of retroviral defense genes--such as the hobbled version of TRIM5--to arise and thrive. As a consequ...

'Genetic network' guards against lethal DNA damage

...yeast could also help researchers select the human versions of these genes suitable as targets for the development of new, more targeted and less toxic cancer therapies," Boeke said. The goal of the Hopkins study was to identify pairs of genes that, while different, play redundant roles in governing genomic ...

Less is more, gene study shows

...ad mutations in places that would render the human versions inactive. They ended up with 67 human-specific pseudogenes, to which they added 13 that had been reported in the literature but not included in the original database, bringing the total to 80. Next, Zhang and his team consulted another database cal...

Aggression-related gene weakens brain's impulse control circuits

...ressive behavior." The gene is one of two common versions that code for the enzyme monoamine oxydase-A (MAO-A), which breaks down key mood-regulating chemical messengers, most notably serotonin. The previously identified violence-related, or L, version, contains a different number of repeating sequences in ...

Next good dinosaur news likely to come from small packages

...trom joins six other scientists engaged in various versions of CSI: Jurassic Park. The symposium, "New Approaches to Paleontological Investigation," at the American Association for the Advancement of Science annual meeting Friday explores cutting edge technology used to divine new information from ancient bit...

Natural selection at single gene demonstrated

...na was once a plant that bloomed annually. But two versions of FRI that appeared thousands of years ago enabled the plant to flower year-round, helping it out-compete other plants. Toomajian and his group showed that these two versions, also called gene variants, are too common to have spread solely by chanc...

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