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Tag: "vast" at biology news

MIT: Oceans are a major gene swap-meet for plankton

...eans, which maintains steady population sizes over vast regions" of the sea. The collective Prochlorococc...ferent types, or clades, of Prochlorococcus across vast environmental gradients in the oceans, Chisholm said. "We found first that two clades are orders of ...

Nano machine switches between biological and silicon worlds

...d a tiny actuator that could be used in an equally vast number of applications," says Firman. The number of potential applications is staggering. They can be used for flow-control valves, pumps, positioning drives, motors, switches, relays and biosensors. The system could be used to develop molecular ci...

Expedition discovers marine treasures

...sh species than previously known in the region and vast beds of diverse seaweed, including a dozen or more possible new species. "We discovered a new species literally every day we were there," said Michael Smith, director of CI's Caribbean Biodiversity Initiative. Among the apparent new fish species fou...

Animals can change genes quickly to keep up with viral ingenuity

...called RNAi mechanisms evolve much faster than the vast majority of other genes in the fly's genome. This is relevant for the virus-host arms race because RNAi pathways--which exist in both plants and animals--participate in molecular defenses against viruses by homing in on viral genetic material and dir...

Earth Rx: A microbial biotechnology prescription for global environmental health

...he marriage are revolutionary changes in compiling vast amounts of genetic information on microbial organisms through state-of-the-art DNA-based techniques. Identifying just a single microbial specimen is a daunting task, considering, that there may be trillions of bacteria in every liter of water. "We ...

Rhinos clinging to survival in the heart of Borneo, despite poaching

...ve in the "Heart of Borneo," a region covered with vast tracts of rain forest. The survey found evidence of at least 13 rhinos in the interior of the Malaysian state of Sabah in northeast Borneo. It was conducted in 2005 by teams of more than 100 field staff from the Sabah Foundation, the Sabah Wildlife...

Tool developed to silence genes in specific tissues using RNAi

...8. RNAi rocked the world of science because of the vast implications this natural cellular control system potentially offered medicine. RNAi is used by cells in many life forms to identify viral RNA, which often enters a cell as a double strand. The organism's own RNA, however, leaves the nucleus of cel...

Patients now surviving once-fatal immune disease

...ort. "In fact, old reports we read stated that the vast majority of these patients have chronic lung disease by age 15. We and other physicians were quite surprised at how well these patients are doing with the proper care." XLA is a rare disease that is inherited through a mutation in the Btk gene on t...

Multi-million pound UK Biobank underway

...a UK world first ?will gather, store and protect a vast bank of medical data and material that will allow ...een attempted before in such fine detail on such a vast scale," said Professor Rory Collins, UK Biobank's Principal Investigator, who is also Professor of M...

How the octopus forms an elbow

...ees of freedom"--the octopus is able to generate a vast repertoire of movements that is unmatched by the human arm. Nonetheless, despite the huge evolutionary gap and morphological differences between the octopus and vertebrates, the octopus arm acts much like a three-jointed vertebrate limb when the octo...

Parts of the Caribbean and Central America are likely to have less summer rain

...rning global warming, Neelin said, "For years, the vast majority of scientists have felt there is convincing evidence that we are at the beginning stages of human-induced global warming, and the observed global temperature record keeps supporting these predictions. However, there is still uncertainty abou...

Georgia Tech accelerates drug discovery with new IBM supercomputing cluster

...matics and systems biology allow us to utilize the vast information growing out of the sequencing of the human genome, enabling drug developers to reduce the number of compounds they must screen by a factor of 10." The 1000-node Cluster 1350 system built on IBM BladeCenter® systems and powered by dual-co...

Two NIH initiatives launch intensive efforts to find roots of common diseases

...icine at NIH, will develop databases to manage the vast amount of genetic, medical and environmental information that will emerge from these initiatives. To encourage rapid research advances, and in keeping with the principles pioneered by the Human Genome Project and increasingly common in such pre-compe...

Scientists discover dozens of new species in 'Lost World' of western New Guinea

... guides and naturalists on the expedition into the vast jungle tract. These people told the team that game was hunted in abundance within an hour's walk of the village. Such abundance of food and other resources means the mountain range's interior ?more than 300,000 hectares of old growth tropical fores...

Berkeley researchers lay groundwork for cell version of DNA chip

...esion Encoded by DNA Hybridization. Many of the vast assortment of biological cells are naturally sticky, a property that enables individual cells to adhere to other cells and non-cellular components, which in turn enables them to assemble into different types of tissue, or carry out functions critical...

Not just the birds

...utrient-impoverished soil. With no native mammals, vast populations of seabirds (29 species currently) use the area for nesting. However, over the last 100-150 years, the introduction of arctic foxes and Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) reduced the number of birds nesting on the islands. Arctic foxes were...

Researchers discover way to transport environmental arsenic to plant leaves in new clean-up strategy

...hese technologies unacceptable for cleaning up the vast areas of the planet that need arsenic remediation. As a result, the overwhelming majority of arsenic-contaminated sites are not being cleaned up." The problem is vast. The World Health Organization (WHO) predicts that long-term exposure to arsenic c...

Genetically engineered mosquitoes show resistance to dengue fever virus

...s that survived the procedure. They found that the vast majority of that family was highly resistant to dengue infection. They also were able to detect the engineered RNA in the mosquitoes, a sign that the genetic alteration had been successful and passed down through reproduction. Furthermore, when that ...

Most human-chimp differences due to gene regulation ?not genes

The vast differences between humans and chimpanzees are due more to changes in gene regulation than differences in individual genes themselves, researchers from Yale, the University of Chicago, and the Hall Institute in Parkville, Victoria, Australia, argue i...

Groovy protein essential for promoting cancer development

...telomerase enzyme, an important contributor to the vast majority of human cancers. Understanding the physical shape of the protein has led to a better understanding of how it acts to immortalize cells ?and should help scientists design broadly effective cancer drugs. Until now, the lack of detailed struc...

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