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Tag: "varieties" at biology news

Basic work on E. coli identifies two new keys to regulation of bacterial gene expression

...le harmless, is closely related to disease-causing varieties like E. coli 0157:H7. "Basic research in E. coli is very important," says Gourse. "Much of what we know about gene expression both in bacteria and in higher life forms comes from work performed originally on this model organism." The strain that G...

Genetic snooze button governs timing of spring flowers

...at we don't want to flower. Many of the cultivated varieties we use are never exposed to cold in a typical farmer's field growing season." When that is the case, a cold snap can fool sugar beets, for example, into flowering, a process that can ruin the crop by redirecting nutrients from the valuable root to ...

New flood-tolerant rice offers relief for world's poorest farmers

...s. The discovery allows fordevelopment of new rice varieties that can withstand flooding, thusovercoming one of...ew days. The development andcultivation of the new varieties is expected to increase foodsecurity for 70 million of the world's poorest people, and may reduceyie...

Science captures the essence of fruit

...eding programme, allowing naturally-bred new fruit varieties with desired traits to be quickly recognised amongst young breeding populations that frequently number in the tens of thousands. "However, it is also possible for us to isolate genes that produce desirable flavour and fragrance compounds for use in...

New research finds surveys of larval-stage organisms effective for measuring marine biodiversity

...ntis shrimp. The comparisons revealed numerous new varieties of shrimp that are completely unknown in their adult forms. "Our results show that biodiversity in mantis shrimp in these regions is estimated to be at least 50 to 150 percent higher than presently believed," said Barber. "Given that few groups of ...

Biologists find regions of rice domestication

...ave examined the DNA sequence family trees of rice varieties and have determined that the crop was domesticated...r many hundreds of years. Landraces are localized varieties of rice that have been cultivated by traditional methods and have been passed down many generations,...

Potato blight pathogenicity explained by genome plasticity

..."The efforts of plant breeders to obtain resistant varieties by introducing R genes, either by classical breeding or by genetic modification, may be a waste of time and resources when the genome dynamics of the pathogen population is not understood," says Govers. "Monitoring field populations of plant patho...

Unique soybean lines hold promise for producing allergy-free soybeans

...l be given away to breeders seeking to produce new varieties of allergy-free soybeans without genetic engineering. Crop scientists at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and the USDA-Agricultural Research Service's Donald Danforth Plant Science Center in St. Louis screened more than 16,000 soybean ...

Study suggests evolutionary link between diet, brain size in orangutans

...ir study, Taylor and van Schaik focused on several varieties of orangutans, an endangered primate closely relat...t have jaws that are better able to handle tougher varieties of food than orangutans in other parts of Borneo or Sumatra. This improved feeding efficiency, cou...

New biochip helps study living cells, may speed drug development

..., let's say you were interested in developing corn varieties that need less fertilizer," he said. "If you had a library of genes that were associated with high nitrogen-use efficiency -- thus making the plant need less nitrogen fertilizer -- you could transform a group of maize cells with these genes and then ...

Wheat gene may boost foods' nutrient content

...onutrient content by 10 to 15 percent in the wheat varieties studied so far. To prove that all these effects we... to find that all cultivated pasta and bread wheat varieties analyzed so far have a nonfunctional copy of GPC-B1, suggesting that this gene was lost during the d...

Elusive rust resistance genes located

... of rust resistance have been bred into Australian varieties but work against a specific rust species and in some cases are only effective against a limited range of rust strains. "We have identified a ‘DNA marker?that is 99 per cent effective in flagging the presence of Lr34 and Yr18, which provide resist...

Selecting life: Scientists find new way to search for origin of life

...olecules. Life, it turns out, uses the left-handed varieties almost exclusively. Non-biological processes, however, do not usually distinguish between left and right variants. For a transition to occur between the chemical and biological eras, some process had to separate and concentrate the left- and right-ha...

Discovery of the first resistance gene to rice yellow mottle virus

...resistant varieties. In certain rare traditional varieties of the Asian species of rice, Oryza sativa, and of...y impact on the harvest production. However, these varieties do not have the agronomic characteristics sought after for intensive irrigated cultivation or growin...

Early-stage immune system control of HIV may depend on inherited factors

...olecules ?each person may have up to six different varieties of Class I proteins ?has made investigating the ro...esponse. The researchers found that, for many varieties of HLA, only a few HIV protein fragments were responsible for the activation of CD8 T cells early in...

Unique tomatoes tops in disease-fighting antioxidants

...loped specifically for the study ?these particular varieties aren't readily available in grocery stores. The re...n't tested how much or what kind of lycopene these varieties contain. Lycopene belongs to a family of antioxidants called the carotenoids, which give certain ...

Research on grey mould offers possible breakthrough in tomato cultivation

...are likely to soon be able to cultivate new tomato varieties without having to use pesticides against grey moul...s designed highly efficient methods whereby tomato varieties can be resistant to grey mould. The leading company De Ruiter Seeds is already applying these method...

Antifungal drug kills TB bug

... could be used to treat these multi-drug resistant varieties of TB, known as MDR-TB. "We knew that the TB bacterium was a clever organism, able to evade the human immune system and to survive long-term, sometimes unnoticed, in the body. We also realised that these peculiar features of the TB bacterium must ...

Scientists find genes involved in the battle between Hessian flies and wheat

...can be controlled by using specifically bred wheat varieties called resistant wheat cultivars. Infestations by the flies also can be prevented by planting wheat after the fly is no longer active and laying eggs. This "fly-free date" is set in different regions according to climate. The study represents a st...

Ancient genes used to produce salt-tolerant wheat

...g of how plants tolerate salt -- to identify wheat varieties that could cope with higher salinity. They were particularly interested in the premium-priced durum wheat, which is much more salt-sensitive than bread wheat. "We screened a hundred durum wheats from the Australian Winter Cereals Collection at Tam...

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