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Tag: "variation" at biology news

Genome sequencing is for ecologists, too

...ts would also want to learn more about how genetic variation is important for adaptation and how populations survive in a changing world." Colbourne is a founding member of the Daphnia Genomics Consortium and the genomics director of the Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics at IU Bloomington. The U.S. Dep...

Diverse tropical forests defy metabolic ecology models

...ons, especially for large trees. Instead, observed variation within and among forests supports alternative models presented by the CTFS team. Are tropical forest structure and dynamics too complex for universal explanations? "When you walk through different tropical forests, or graph data from different fore...

The evolution of food plants: Genetic control of grass flower architecture

...ches, whose branching patterns dictate most of the variation in form seen in the grasses. Maize produces two types of inflorescence; the tassel (male pollen-bearing flowers) and the ear (female flowers and site of seed or kernel development). The tassel forms from the shoot apical meristem after the production...

Growing crops to cope with climate change

...genes that triggers flowering. Naturally occurring variation in Ppd-H1 affects the time of day when CO is activ...now from observation that other crops show similar variation in the way they respond to the lengthening of the day in springtime. We are confident that we will f...

UCSD biologists find new evidence for one-way evolution

By tracing the 30-million year history of variation in a gene found in plants such as tomatoes and tob...more than once." The scientists examined existing variation in the gene used by many members of the Solanaceae family, which include tomatoes and tobacco, to re...

Ticks, flukes, and genomics: Emerging pathogens revealed

...n, say, or horse, the bacteria chooses the protein variation needed to stay hidden from that particular host. "These genome sequences have revolutionized the types of experiments [scientists] can perform to understand these diseases," says microbiologist Yasuko Rikihisa of OSU's College of Veterinary Medicine...

Ancient DNA provides clues to the evolution of social behavior

...ined precipitously. ''When you talk about genetic variation being lost, you need to really reduce [the populat...most no genetic variation,'' Hadly says. ''Genetic variation is the toolkit for dealing with whatever the environment has to throw at you. If you have only a cou...

U-M scientists identify major psoriasis susceptibility gene

...of Michigan scientists have found a common genetic variation in an immune system gene that makes people much mo...d what doesn't. "There is a great deal of genetic variation in the MHC, because it's on the front lines of dealing with pathogens and cancer," Elder explains. "...

NHGRI announces new sequencing targets

...l characterize the most common types of structural variation in human DNA. The effort will use 48 human DNA sam...t can be involved in human disease. The structural variation effort will seek to identify instances where larger segments of DNA have been deleted, duplicated or...

Two NIH initiatives launch intensive efforts to find roots of common diseases

...ratory procedure for efficiently analyzing genetic variation in groups of patients with specific illnesses and a technology development program to devise new ways of monitoring personal environmental exposures that interact with genetic variations and result in human diseases. The proposed federal funding le...

Variation in bitter-taste receptor gene increases risk for alcoholism

...e of the American Journal of Human Genetics on the variation in a taste receptor gene on chromosome 7 called TA...sponse to bitter tastes. They found a single base variation in the TAS2R16 receptor gene that seemed to put people at an increased risk for alcoholism. In cell ...

Scientists force viruses to evolve as better delivery vehicles for gene therapy

...ovide the raw material for evolution - the genetic variation from which nature selects the best-adapted organism - the researchers created mutant viruses by introducing small variations in the genes through an error-prone polymerase chain reaction (PCR) coupled with a test tube recombination technique. After r...

Gene variation increases SIDS risk in African Americans

... half of those deaths result from a common genetic variation that increases an infant's risk of developing an a.... Children with two copies of the common genetic variation have a 24-fold increased risk of sudden death as infants. One out of nine African Americans carries...

History of human cannibalism eats away at researchers

...ntrast to the previous study, which concluded that variation in the PRNP gene was strongly skewed toward intermediate frequency variants, our results showed that there was, in fact, a deficit of intermediate frequency variants," says Bertranpetit. "Our results are consistent with a complex history of episo...

Genes affecting blood pressure change as children become adults

...ccounted for up to one third of the blood pressure variation that occurred by age 18, says Dr. Harold Snieder, ...nces that accounted for up to a third of the total variation at age 18. "A substantial part of the individual differences between the twins were due to new gene...

'Scent of a woman' tells male redback spiders to find a mate

...lly good explanation for why there is so much size variation [among males] in the wild," says Kasumovic. "Everybody always states that the small males are a by-product of them not being able to get enough resources, but we're showing that they're intentionally developing that way." ...

UGA study explains peaks and troughs of dengue epidemics

... role factors such as temporary cross-immunity and variation in serotype virulence play in epidemics. They found that cross-immunity alone is enough to create the patterns that are observed in nature. The study is a major departure from other theories about what drives dengue epidemics. The conventional wisd...

Brain enzyme treatment relieves memory lapse in Alzheimer's mice

...ences in response to the auditory tone, suggesting variation among brain regions in the role of Uch-L1. In mice with symptoms that mimic those found in patients with Alzheimer's disease, treatments that raised Uch-L1 greatly increased their freezing time compared to their transgenic littermates when contextu...

Can biological traits predict diversification rates in birds?

...sal and feeding generalization as explanations for variation in rate of diversification, perhaps because these traits are challenging to quantify," says Phillimore. "Hopefully our findings may stimulate research into the role played by ecological traits in the diversification of other types of organisms." The...

CHAVI announces international search for genes affecting HIV response

...Among those who become infected, there is dramatic variation in how the body responds to HIV and in how long it takes for infection to progress to AIDS. EuroCHAVI scientists will try to understand these differences by searching for an underlying genetic influence. Typically, scientists use genetic analysis to...

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