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Tag: "variants" at biology news

Studies on human genome variation provide insight into disease

...s potential reproductive success based on sequence variants of the LHB/CGB genes," explains Laan. "We may b...ons and to minimize attention on the innocent gene variants that colour the humanity of life." Contact: Lon R. Cardon, Ph.D. Professor of Bioinformat...

Complex gene interactions account for autism risk

...am tested for associations between particular gene variants and the disease. They also applied sophisticated statistical methods designed to zero in on the effects of particular gene combinations. The researchers found that one of the GABA receptor genes, GABRA4, is involved in the origin of autism. Moreover...

Human brain is still evolving

...f natural selection. Their data suggest that major variants in these genes arose at roughly the same times as ...t is the case, we reasoned we might be able to see variants within the human population that are rising in frequency due to positive selection, but haven't gone...

Drug resistant avian influenza viruses more common in Southeast Asia than North America

...oming a major threat to humans. "However, if H5N1 variants acquire the capacity for sustained human-to-human ...sistant H5N1 viruses in China indicates that these variants appear to have survival advantages over the wild, drug-sensitive strains. In addition, the infected ...

Metal-containing compounds show promise as HIV weapon

.... The molecule - called metallacarborane - and its variants appear to fight HIV protease, an enzyme critical i...roperties of the basic molecule as well as several variants with chains of other atoms hanging off them. The researchers found that at very low concentrations, ...

UCSD discovery may provide novel method to generate medically useful proteins

...riophage, or phage--can generate a kaleidoscope of variants of a particular protein. The paper will appear in print in Nature Structural and Molecular Biology in October. Since this degree of protein diversity is extremely rare, recreating the process in a test tube could give researchers a new way to genera...

Weight control protein may yield antiobesity drugs

...e findings in mice further suggest that particular variants of the protein SH2-B might underlie obesity in humans, the researchers said. SH2-B, which has multiple functions in cells throughout the body, keeps the brain sensitive to the fat hormone leptin, found researchers from the University of Michigan Med...

Scientists discover gene that controls speed of tuberculosis development

...rosy and rheumatoid arthritis. "We discovered that variants (alleles) of the NRAMP1 gene control the speed at which tuberculosis develops, rather than whether or not it will develop at all," says Dr. Schurr. "This is the first time a gene has been shown to control the time frame between initial infection and ...

NIH renews network focused on how genes influence drug responses

...llion provided by NHLBI to discover the common DNA variants that determine why drugs used to treat potentially fatal irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias) are beneficial to some people and harmful to others. (Dan M. Roden, M.D., Vanderbilt University) The Amish Pharmacogenomics of Antiplatelet Intervention...

Harmless virus may hold key to more effective HIV drug discovery

...iophage can model millions of different mutational variants of an HIV protein called Nef. Knowing how the entire population of Nef variants responds to new drugs gives researchers greater ability to identify broad-spectrum, anti-HIV compoun...

Evolution of taste receptor may have shaped human sensitivity to toxic compounds

...ions, the researchers found evidence that specific variants of the receptor gene have been strongly favored in...searchers went on to show experimentally that such variants of the receptor, when expressed in individual cells, conferred an increased sensitivity toward sever...

Enlisting genomics to understand flu evolution

...004. "We found that there are co-circulating minor variants that are not infecting many people," says Lipman. ...mic flu is that there's a series of successions by variants of the flu we got the previous year." But the new study shows that persistently cocirculating minor ...

Building a protein name dictionary from full text: a machine learning term extraction approach

... such databases have low coverage of the many name variants which are used to refer to biological entities in ...approach. The method is strong in recognizing name variants not found in SwissProt. ...

Retrovirus struck ancestors of chimpanzees and gorillas millions of years ago, but did not affect ancestral humans

...would lead to a higher probability of rare genetic variants becoming fixed in a short time. Before long, a genetically disparate population, possibly with wide variations in morphology, would have emerged, leading to today's chimps and gorillas. The study's lead authors are Zhaoshi Jiang, a Ph.D. student in ...

NSAID drug protects against intestinal tumors in mice, despite poor diet and gene losses

...C gene to p27 positive or negative mice, producing variants with no p27 genes or one or two. The APC gene is r... p27 gene were lost. But all of the knock-out mice variants developed tumors in both their small and large intestines when fed a Western-style diet. "This show...

Mouse gene shows new mechanism behind cardiac infarction in man

...ee of atherosclerosis, while mice with more active variants of the gene displayed the opposite. Studies of two patient groups revealed that a certain variant of the human homologue of the gene was more common in people who had a history of cardiac infarction than those without. “This is an example of how an...

Revolutionary nanotechnology illuminates brain cells at work

... fused with two differently colored tags made from variants of the jellyfish Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP). The colored tags are placed at each end of the molecule making a "biosensor." When the substance of interest binds to the sensor, the sensor backbone becomes reoriented, and the reorientation can be d...

Increased risk of osteoporosis associated with gene that one in five people have

...veral variations of the CYP1A1 gene exist, and the variants differ from one another by one or more DNA base pairs. "Previous studies showed that some CYP1A1 variants are linked to estrogen-related cancers, such as breast, ovarian or endometrial cancers," says Reina ...

Fibril Shape Is The Basis Of Prion Strains And Cross-species Prion Infection

...niversity. Prion diseases are caused by misfolded variants of the normal prion protein, which aggregate into fibrous tangles called amyloid fibrils and cause fatal wasting of brain tissue. The abnormally folded protein itself appears to act as an infectious agent, transmitting disease without a DNA or RNA ge...

International HapMap consortium expands mapping effort

...ification of those variants. Since not all genetic variants are deleterious, the HapMap also may be used to help to pinpoint genetic variations that contribute to good health, such as those protecting against infectious diseases or promoting longevity. "We are excited by the opportunity to apply our technolo...

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