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Tag: "unraveling" at biology news

Endosome-mediated signaling in plants

...serve as a springboard for future studies aimed at unraveling the mechanics of how plants grow."...

Exploring the molecular origin of blood clot flexibility

...gesting a way that individual fibers flex - by the unraveling of the three, tightly twisted rod-like regions within fibrinogen molecules, called alpha-helical coiled-coils. The researchers measured this change by pulling engineered strands of fibrinogen molecules using an atomic force microscope. This alpha-hel...

Stretching DNA to the limit

...troscopy measurements on viral DNA, which show the unraveling of the DNA double helix upon exposure to UV irradiation. The researchers essentially pick up individual DNA molecules with the tip of a scanning probe microscope and stretch it while measuring the forces generated. These "stretch—release" measurement...

Microfluidic chip helps solve cellular mating puzzle

...archers said their findings show the importance of unraveling the role of multiple, apparently redundant proteins that are often activated by the same message passing through a cell. They also address why cells do not get confused when they are activated by multiple signaling messengers. Such findings may help ...

Inheritance outside DNA

...kins School of Medicine, who has been a pioneer in unraveling the epigenetics of cancer. Now Feinberg has taken a new look at genomic imprinting, as a cancer-predisposing factor. Feinberg analyzed a common epigenetic alteration—found in 5?0 percent of the general population—that involves the loss of imprint...

Most important actors in the growth process of neurons identified

...ed by Bassem Hassan, have achieved a major step in unraveling the growth process of axons, the offshoots of neurons. They have identified the JNK, Wnt and FGF signaling cascades as the most important actors and have also discovered their respective roles. Their research shows that the growth of axons and the ac...

Innovative movies show real-time immune-cell activity within tumors

...umor cells. "These experiments set the basis for unraveling the molecular requirements for T cell migration and T cell-tumor cell interactions. We should then be able to use results from this research to further improve immunotherapeutic strategies against cancer in patients." ...

Just like us, social stress prompts hamsters to overeat, gain weight

...r human stress-induced obesity. They want to begin unraveling the complex factors that lead people to eat when under stress and hope that the information can eventually be used to block appetites under this common scenario. The study, "Social defeat increases food intake, body mass, and adiposity in Syrian ham...

Protein connections: A network to understand disease

...e world. Now, the same concept provides clues to unraveling the mystery of how different mutations in different genes can cause diseases with very similar characteristics. In a paper in today's edition of the journal Cell, scientists from Baylor College of Medicine and Harvard Medical School describe a networ...

NHGRI announces latest sequencing targets

...ng available an essential resource for researchers unraveling the genetic factors involved in human health and disease. Comparing the genomes of other species to humans is an exceptionally powerful tool to help researchers understand the working parts of the human genome in both health and illness. ...

The giant protein titin helps build muscles

...g assemblies. The meeting point is the Z-disk, but unraveling the connections has been difficult." Wilmanns' lab and the team of Mathias Gautel, an EMBL alumnus and now at King's College, have thought that a molecule called titin, the largest protein made by human cells, is involved. Titin is anchored in the...

Neuroscientists discover new cell type that may help brain maintain memories of smells

...disease, Pressler is excited about the prospect of unraveling the patterns of synaptic connections made by the other five named but as yet unstudied brain cells in the olfactory bulb. ...

Clues to breast cancer hidden inside stem cells

...Icelandic research team, the Gudjonsson lab is now unraveling the role of tyrosine kinase receptors and their downstream signaling events. The benefits of these 3-D assays are manifold. "This is a useful system for drug screening and testing new drugs as well as for understanding cancer progression," says Gud...

Plant genes identified that can form basis for crops better adapted to environmental conditions

...n of capillary roots. For the first time, they are unraveling the genetic basis for the branching of the root system − the key to a plant's further growth and development. The mystery of capillary root formation Root systems absorb nutrients and anchor plants in the soil − two crucial functions...

An essential regulator of body weight revealed

Scientists are one step closer to unraveling the complex mechanisms in the brain that regulate body weight. Working with mice -- whose appetites are controlled by systems very similar to those in humans -- they have identified a specific type of neuron that is essential for feeding behavior. Wi...

Biologists determine genetic blueprint of social amoeba

... nearly twice as many as there are in fungi. Their unraveling of the genome also allowed Rolf Olsen, a postdoctoral fellow working in Loomis' laboratory, to generate a tree of life and show that amoebozoa, the group to which Dictyostelium belongs, evolved from the common ancestor of eukaryotes (the group of org...

Discovery clarifies role of peptide in biological clock

...g the VIP treatment to laboratory mice in hopes of unraveling more clues about our biological clock. VIP is not "very important person," but vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), a neuropeptide originally found in the gut, that is also made by a specialized group of neurons in the brain. Erik Herzog, Ph.D....

Protein Packages Found To Activate Genes; May Be What Regulates Development And Disease

...aging) in human cells holds tremendous promise for unraveling the mystery." To begin unraveling this mystery, the researchers studied large regions of the genome and identified the DNA sequences a...

Poplar trees redirect resources in response to simulated attack

...hows that radiotracer imaging can be a big help in unraveling plant biochemistry. Done in collaboration with scientists from Tufts University and Stony Brook University, the research is reported in two articles, to be published in Plant, Cell & Environment (June 2005) and in New Phytologist (August 2005), ...

New Technique for Tracking Gene Regulators

...y. The techniquecould greatly speed the process of unraveling the role these proteinsplay in turning on and off the genes that establish the very identityof cells ?be they brain cells, liver, or blood ?as well as what mightgo awry in certain conditions like cancer. TheBrookhaven scientists, together with colla...

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