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Tag: "underlying" at biology news

UCSD study reveals how plants respond to elevated carbon dioxide

...rbon dioxide responsiveness, and understanding the underlying mechanisms may make it possible to engineer improved water use efficiency in some crop plants or trees that will be exposed to higher carbon dioxide levels in the future." In the paper, the researchers also report the discovery of the first known p...

Solved: The mystery of flesh-eating bacteria's relentless attack

... healthy immune response still did not explain the underlying mechanism. The team knew that SilCR itself did not degrade interleukin-8, so they began to search for the missing link in the chain of events. They expected to find an enzyme that degrades IL-8. Drawing on a database of enzymes and using advanced tec...

Genetic 'roadmap' charts links between drugs and human disease

...he scientists were able to discover the mechanisms underlying a novel drug candidate for prostate cancer, and that a drug currently used to treat one disease may be useful in another. "This is a powerful discovery tool for the scientific community," said Justin Lamb, the lead author of the Science paper and a...

Scientists use gene signatures to match cancer and other diseases with potentially effective drugs

...rs. The paper in Science describes the concepts underlying the gene signature catalogue and gives an overview of its initial testing. "This should be particularly useful for pharmaceutical companies, so that academic scientists and companies alike can compare the signatures of diseases and compounds to signa...

Common carp sheds new light on surviving in extreme environments

...ng out how animals can tolerate stress because the underlying mechanisms are so exaggerated and displayed so clearly. We now need to investigate whether the protein is involved in sustaining normal blood flow through tissue capillaries and oxygen delivery during difficult times." ...

Mobile DNA part of evolution's toolbox

...of remnants of mobile elements. But the mechanisms underlying this process remained obscure. Haussler's work provides direct evidence that even when they land at some distance from a gene, mobile elements like SINEs can be adapted to serve as regulatory elements that have powerful effects in their new locations...

The secret lives of sea slugs

... laboratory is to link specific behaviors to their underlying neural controls. Information on behaviors and sensory cues that influence them is essential to the study of sensory systems, central processing, and motor systems, the basic neural elements that control behavior in all animals. The sea slug has be...

Fly's courtship sheds light on the formation of innate behaviors

...esponse, are generally seen as subconscious drives underlying the actions of humans and other animals. Yet the manner by which these innate behaviours are hard-wired into our brains remains obscure. In their new work, the researchers set out to address this question using mutations that perturb the stereotypi...

Gardenia fruit compound starting point for diabetes therapy

...vailable therapy for diabetes actually targets the underlying causes of disease in insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. Insulin controls blood levels of glucose, the body's main energy source. In those with diabetes, insulin deficiency or insulin resistance causes blood sugar concentrations to rise. The te...

OHSU study says stem cell 'fusion' occurs in tumors

...at remain are generally unstable. Fusion may be an underlying molecular explanation of why these cells might be more susceptible to cancer development." In the PNAS study, Wong and her colleagues transplanted bone marrow cells from female mice into a male mouse model of intestinal cancer. The donor-derived cel...

Potato blight pathogenicity explained by genome plasticity

...t. "These changes are probably facilitated by its underlying genomic plasticity. Field isolates of P. infestans are known to be genetically highly variable." Govers, along with colleagues Rays Jiang, Rob Weide, and Peter van de Vondervoort, set out to identify the genetic basis for the virulence of specifi...

Gene linked to rare disease activates fat breakdown

...lism reveals. The findings elucidate the mechanism underlying healthy fat metabolism and explain why people with the genetic condition known as Chanarin-Dorfman Syndrome (CDS), who carry a mutant version of the gene, suffer from the widespread buildup of fat in tissues throughout their bodies. The group found ...

Large-scale genomics project will hunt genes behind common childhood diseases

...ronmental factors. "We will be tracing the major underlying genetic component of disease-related genes while discovering the biological pathways involved in disease development," Dr. Hakonarson added. "For instance, a specific cholesterol receptor may be dysregulated because of genetics, or the pathway may al...

Dopamine drug leads to new neurons and recovery of function in rat model of Parkinson's

...notes. "This shows that the treatment affects the underlying pathology." Several previous studies point to the possibility that drugs like pramipexole and ropinirole might modify the course of PD, but this effect is difficult to test and has never been proven, says Dr. Eckman. While these drugs are useful i...

Taking the wrinkles out of motoneuronal disease

...f our lab is to understand the molecular mechanism underlying neuronal communication. The legacy of millions of years of evolution and competition between venomous species has resulted in deadly neurotoxins capable of blocking neuronal communication. I am using our knowledge of the mode of action of these neuro...

Brain's 'gambling circuitry' identified

...hes had not been able to distinguish the processes underlying such risky behavior, wrote the researchers. However, they wrote, "Since our task was designed to minimize the involvement of these high-level processes, in the future it may be utilized with clinical populations to determine whether alterations in ri...

Hope I die before I get old?

...nstead, people's happiness results more from their underlying emotional resources -- resources that appear to grow with age. People get better at managing life's ups and downs, and the result is that as they age, they become happier -- even though their objective circumstances, such as their health, decline." ...

Speeding the search for elusive chromosomal errors

...long run, adds Dr. Shaikh, better knowledge of the underlying genetic cause of a disease may provide targets for...viding strong evidence that the deletions were the underlying cause of the multiple defects seen in the children. Dr. Shaikh's laboratory has subsequently used ...

Combined treatment extends life expectancy for lung cancer patients

...e lung cancer qualify for surgery because of other underlying medical conditions. Radiation therapy has long been used for inoperable lung cancer, and more recently, doctors have used radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and microwave ablation, processes that heat tumors to destroy them. For patients who cannot have s...

Researchers show how brain decodes complex smells

...the various biological and neurological components underlying perception formed and evolved. ...

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