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Tag: "underlying" at biology news

Slow brain waves play key role in coordinating complex activity

...ler groups. Though neuroscientists don't know what underlying neural activity generates the waves recorded on the surface of the cortex, the oscillations may be generated spontaneously by neurons when grouped together in the hundreds of thousands. "When you have to remember a new phone number or attend to movi...

Researchers image molecular motor structural changes

...nowledge could lead to better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of a range of human disorders such as Down syndrome caused by faulty molecular motors, and possibly to the development of new treatments, the researchers said. For example, molecular motors are responsible for dividing genetic material dur...

Stanford discovery may help predict when toxoplasma can be deadly

... pinpoint stretches of DNA that contain the genes underlying severe virulence. Based on the DNA sequences, they could determine the proteins involved. From 140 candidate proteins identified in the initial screen, they focused on those with qualities logically involved in differing levels of virulence, s...

Fighting like a girl or boy determined by gene in fruit flies

...m that a gene known as "fruitless" is a key factor underlying sexual differences in behavior. The findings mark ...t to help enable future research to track down the underlying neural circuitry, said Bruce Baker, a biology professor at Stanford who first linked the fruitless g...

Common cold virus leads to death in lung transplant patients

...report informs our understanding of the mechanisms underlying rhinovirus-induced exacerbations of asthma and COPD." They continued: "These exciting new data raise the possibility that patients with asthma and other patients with chronic airway disease are unusually susceptible to rhinovirus infection leading...

Effective HIV control may depend on viral protein targeted by immune cells

...nt versions of the Class I molecule. Mechanisms underlying the different effects of the protein-specific immune responses are unknown and require further investigation. The researchers suggest that responses against proteins like Env might be inherently less effective or might only be generated in response ...

Dragonfly's metabolic disease provides clues about human obesity

...childer's paper "All of these symptoms, and the underlying processes behind these symptoms that we're seeing in these dragonflies, are pretty much identical to what you see in mammalian metabolic syndrome and obesity," said Marden. "We're seeing it all relate back to this non-invasive protozoan in the gut."...

How brain injury leads to seizures, memory problems

...ng abnormal activity, in turn, is thought to be an underlying reason for seizures and memory defects experienced by people who have suffered a traumatic brain injury (TBI). "A traumatic brain injury occurs to someone in the United States every 23 seconds," said study team leader Akiva S. Cohen, Ph.D., of The C...

A new male-specific gene in algae unveils an origin of male and female

...gg cells. The findings, which indicate that a gene underlying a more primitive system of reproduction was likely co-opted during evolution to participate in sex-specific sperm development, are reported by Hisayoshi Nozaki and colleagues at the University of Tokyo, Rikkyo (St. Paul’s) University, and Osaka Unive...

Too mellow for our predatory world

...ity in behaviour because little is known about the underlying physiological mechanisms that control behaviour such as flight. The scientist around Thomas Roedl from the Max Planck Institute for Ornithology visited the Galápagos Islands for field studies from December 2003 until January 2004 and again in Marc...

Gene chip technology shows potential for identifying life-threatening blood infection

...hreatening, uncontrollable inflammation without an underlying infection, a condition also common among ICU patients. New research now suggests that doctors one day could quickly distinguish sepsis from widespread non-infectious inflammation based on genetic profiles of patients' blood. Testing this method in...

Emotional control circuit of brain's fear response discovered

...disorders, such as anxiety or depression, from the underlying neurophysiology ?workings of the brain. They accomplished this using an adapted version of an attention control test, and a neuroimaging machine that enables analysis of function in the brain. Published in the Sept. 21, 2006 issue of Neuron, the ...

New technology used to construct the first map of structural variation in the human genome

...es to drugs and environmental stimuli. Mechanisms underlying the formation of CNVs also provide insight into evolutionary processes and human origins. Using microarray technology, scientists can scan for CNVs across the genome in a single experiment. While this is a cost-effective means of obtaining large ...

PLoS ONE is launched by the Public Library of Science

...shes the community to help shape PLoS ONE, and the underlying publishing platform, into its most valuable form. The software is open source6, and will form the first part of an innovative and flexible publishing system that will be developed over the next two years and will be available to all groups for storin...

New data from NIH lab confirms protocol to reverse type 1 diabetes in mice

...ed that the MGH-developed protocol can reverse the underlying disease but were inconclusive on the role of spleen cells in the recovery of insulin-producing pancreatic islets. The new data from a study performed at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), published as a technical comment, provides additional c...

A new understanding of how cells defend themselves against bacterial pore-forming toxins

...unction correctly. If the cell dies, it leaves the underlying tissue exposed. She hypothesizes that the toxin response pathway may be different for other types of cells. Immune cells, for example, may be better off committing suicide if their membranes are penetrated, because they could become deadly if their f...

A reason why video games are hard to give up

...rchers have done, the Rochester team looked at the underlying motives and satisfactions that can spark players' interests and sustain them during play. Revenues from video games--even before the latest Wii, PlayStation 3, and Xbox systems emerged--surpass the money made from Hollywood films annually. A ra...

How many genes does it take to learn? Lessons from sea slugs

...ment, confirming that molecular and genomic events underlying key neuronal functions were developed in early animal ancestors and remained practically unchanged for more than 530 million years of independent evolution in the lineages leading to men or sea slugs. Moroz and his collaborators uncovered new info...

High dopamine transporter levels not correlated with ADHD

... receiving treatment in the U.S. Yet the mechanism underlying this disorder and its treatment are still poorly understood. One prominent theory of ADHD is that there is a dysfunction in brain circuits that depend on the neurotransmitter dopamine to modulate attention, motivation, and interest. If, for example, ...

Three-in-one virus killer prevents common, often fatal infections

..."Drugs only control the virus. They don't cure the underlying problem," said Bollard. "Whereas by introducing these specialized T-cells, we are fixing the underlying problem. Using your own immune system is preferable to chemical agents, which can have toxic side ef...

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