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Tag: "underlie" at biology news

Researchers now able to look deep into heart to view triggers of a heart's beat

...eresting genetic relationships that are thought to underlie the complex social behavior of Hymenopteran insects. One of the key steps in the evolution of social insects, therefore, may have been the development of a mechanism for making centrosomes from scratch. "The Hymenoptera were probably derived from a ...

Zebra finches remember songs dad sang

... Washington in Seattle, that something similar may underlie the acquisition of human speech by infants and, th...ovides a laboratory for studying how memories that underlie vocal learning are stored in the brain and how the stored memories are used to guide the development...

How sperm crack the whip

...eins ?all of which are involved in motility ?could underlie some forms of infertility, he said. "Also, these proteins are good targets for contraception," he said. "We know that defects in CatSper1 block fertilization in mice. And since the channels in human sperm are very similar, there's no reason to beli...

Drug triggers body's mechanism to reverse aging effect on memory process

...e effects of aging on a brain mechanism thought to underlie learning and memory even after they are no longer in the body. They do so by boosting the production of a naturally occurring protein in the brain necessary for long-term memory formation. The study appears in the August issue of the Journal of Neu...

Gatekeeping: Penn researchers find new way to open ion channels in cell membranes

..., heart, and hormone-secreting cells, the channels underlie electrical signaling. They selectively allow the passage of small ions such as sodium, potassium, or calcium into and out of the cell. The precisely controlled passage of ions generates the electrical currents that enable nerve impulse transmission, ...

New roles for growth factors: Enticing nerve cells to muscles

...stablish proper connectivity in the brain may also underlie autism spectrum disorders and mental retardation. The multitasking members of the FGF growth factor family regulate blood vessel formation, wound repair, lung maturation, and development of skeletal muscle, blood and bone marrow cells. The Salk stud...

Mice learn tasks that may help treat human psychiatric disorders

...with the tools we use to study the mechanisms that underlie disorders in people." Garner and his colleagues designed a task to measure a process called set shifting in which a focus on one object must be abandoned in favor of another object or task. This test long has been used to monitor brain processes in...

Mechanism for neurodenegerative diseases linked to transport proteins

...mpering the transport of proteins within cells may underlie several adult-onset neurodegenerative diseases, such as Huntington's, ALS and Kennedy disease. Understanding how this cell transport is blocked in these diseases may offer targets for future therapy. In a new study published online June 4 in Nature ...

Gardenia fruit compound starting point for diabetes therapy

... reverses some of the pancreatic dysfunctions that underlie the disease, researchers report in the June 7, 2006, Cell Metabolism. The chemical therefore represents a useful starting point for new diabetes therapies, they said. Such a drug could offer a big advance, the group added, as no currently available ...

Researchers use multiphoton microscopy to watch chromosomes in action

...step toward understanding the basic processes that underlie gene expression. The discovery was the result of cross-disciplinary collaboration between Webb and John Lis, Cornell's Barbara McClintock Professor of Molecular Biology and Genetics. Jie Yao, who recently earned his Ph.D. at Cornell, initiated and f...

Parkinson's mutation stunts neurons

Mutations in a key brain protein known to underlie a form of Parkinson's disease (PD) wreaks its damage by stunting the normal growth and branching of neurons, researchers have found. They have pinpointed the malfunction of the protein made by mutant forms of the gene called LRRK2 and how it affects ...

Changing length of days reverses how estrogen affects aggressiveness in mice

...ent further and identified the mechanisms that may underlie how the length of daylight affects the way estrogen works to either increase or decrease aggression. "It is well known that genes interact with the environment, but scientists often don't understand how this works on the molecular level," Trainor ...

Fish species plays surprise role in aiding coral reef recovery

...ation and future protection of species groups that underlie the resilience and regenerative capacity of coral reef ecosystems. ...

Mirrors in the mind: New studies elucidate how the brain reflects onto itself the actions of others

...dings also suggest that the neural mechanisms that underlie action observation are intrinsically "social"--that the neural mechanisms map the actions of others onto one's own body, rather than initially treating all observed action (whether perpetrated by one's self or by others) as essentially neutral in own...

New mechanism underlying pain found

...have discovered a new molecular mechanism that may underlie neuropathic pain. The clearer understanding of the root-cause of chronic neuropathic pain, and the preclinical validation of new targets for pharmaceutical therapies shown in this research, together present an opportunity for the development of new w...

Most important actors in the growth process of neurons identified

Defects in the growth process of our neurons often underlie brain or nerve diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease or multiple sclerosis. Scientists from the Flanders Interuniversity Institute for Biotechnology (VIB) connected to the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, led by Bassem Hassan, have achieved a major st...

Using nature's most primitive anti-viral defense system to find new approaches to cancer research

...ocess. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that underlie each stage is therefore an important goal for cancer scientists. Dr Baum's research builds on his earlier work when, in collaboration with others, he completed a full study of the function of every one of the fruit fly's genes in cells. This is allow...

Fruit fly study identifies gene mutation that regulates sensitivity to alcohol

...tic differences and neurobehavioral responses that underlie acute tolerance in humans, that could potentially provide new targets for the development of drugs to treat alcohol dependence." ...

How does your brain tell time?

...ur results suggest that the timing mechanisms that underlie our ability to recognize speech and enjoy music are distributed throughout the brain, and do not resemble the conventional clocks we wear on our wrists," said Buonomano. Because time-related information is critical to understanding speech, determi...

Does a peptide affect the heart's response to social isolation?

...oard into better understanding the mechanisms that underlie the relations between social behavior and cardiac function in humans. ...

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