Tag: "underlie" at biology news

New, automated tool successfully classifies and relates proteins in unprecedented way

...e thoroughunderstanding of cellular processes that underlie disease."Using this approach to spot a protein cluster could help scientistsidentify a common protein structure that enables those proteins togather in one part of the cell, according to Murphy. Getting thisinformation is critical to foil a disease l...

Highly adaptable genome in gut bacterium key to intestinal health

...of the gut ecosystem. By defining the factors that underlie the stability of the gut ecosystem, they may be able to develop ways to manipulate the gut's bacterial community to promote health or treat diseases. For example, the group is assessing how the bacterial capacity for processing dietary carbohydrates ...

Scientists identify genetic pathways essential to RNA interference

...ene silencing, controlling levels of RNAi that may underlie some cancers or be used in viral replication may offer further clinical potential. Along with Kim, the study's co-first authors are Harrison Gabel and Ravi Kamath, MD, PhD, of the MGH Department of Molecular Biology. Additional authors are Michael D...

Multiple Campylobacter Genomes Sequenced

...acter with the environment. Such differences could underlie the host specificity of the different species. Differences between the Campylobacter species in genes that are likely to be involved in aspects of bacterial virulence, such as adherence, motility, and toxin formation, are all detailed by Fouts et al...

Potential treatments for neurofibromatosis

... answer some of the most perplexing questions that underlie neurofibromatosis," said Dr. Clapp. "Our work may well be applicable to other types of tumors such as breast and ovarian cancers, because inflammatory cells play an important role in tumor formation in these malignancies." Neurofibromatosis results...

Wisconsin researchers identify sleep gene

... in families. "We wanted to determine which genes underlie this phenomenon in order to shed light on the mechanisms and functions of sleep," Tononi says. The Wisconsin study focuses on factors that control sleep duration as opposed to the timing of when sleep occurs, which is regulated by the circadian syst...

Researchers make gains in understanding antibiotic resistance

...formation about the basic chemical principles that underlie binding of the antibiotic to the ribosome, as well as new data about how that mutation confers drug resistance. Steitz and his colleagues also analyzed the structure of five other clinically important antibiotics ?azithromycin, telithromycin, clinda...

Scientists identify genetic pathways essential to RNA interference

...ene silencing, controlling levels of RNAi that may underlie some cancers or be used in viral replication may offer further clinical potential. Along with Kim, the study's co-first authors are Harrison Gabel and Ravi Kamath, MD, PhD, of the MGH Department of Molecular Biology. Additional authors are Muneesh T...

Cooperation is key—a new way of looking at MicroRNA and how it controls gene expression

...ife of human cells to the aberrant mechanisms that underlie many diseases, including cancer and septic shock. The discovery concerns tiny fragments of RNA known as microRNA and their relationship to the genetic transcripts known as messenger RNA (mRNA). All genes expressed in the human body must be transcri...

Insight into DNA's 'weakest links' may yield clues to cancer biology

...eatures, an indication that a common mechanism may underlie their occurrence, Petes said. Fragile sites in mammalian cells tend to duplicate late and also include sequences prone to forming kinks, or hairpin structures, like those observed in yeast. "The findings may ultimately help us better understand what...

Molecular thermometers on skin cells detect heat and camphor

...o discover the basic molecules and mechanisms that underlie this complicated communication system that is our senses, and one group of researchers from The Scripps Research Institute and the Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), has been making headway in trying to understand those tha...

Discovery of New Dopamine Action May Yield Alternative Psychiatric Drugs

...ngs of pleasure, excess concentrations of dopamine underlie schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity dis...rs added. Therefore, similar mechanisms might also underlie other disease pathways. Collaborators on the study include Tatyana Sotnikova, Sebastien Marion, Rob...

Brain Scan Study of Smokers Reveals Signature of Craving

... differences among smokers in brain responses that underlie the smoking habit, the researchers said. What's more, they added, such brain scans may yield diagnostic tests for predicting which smokers will benefit most from particular quitting methods. The team reported its results in an article in the journal...

Mosaic mouse technique offers a powerful new tool to study diseases and genetics

... for in-depth studies of molecular mechanisms that underlie the dynamic properties of specific neuronal populations." MADM also could prove important for analysis of complex developmental or degenerative diseases resulting from genetic mutations, they added. In light of its potential commercial applications,...

Insight into our sight: A new view on the evolution of the eye lens

... is the eye lens, and the physical properties that underlie the transparency of the lens, as well as its ability to precisely refract light, arise from the high concentrations of special proteins called crystallins found in lens cells. Fish, frogs, birds and mammals all experience image-forming vision, thank...

Newfound roadblock to interferon effectiveness against malignant melanoma

...ges in gene expression and cellular signaling that underlie resistance to established therapies. Malignant melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer, and if not treated successfully, it can spread to affect the liver, lungs, or brain. Chemotherapy fights the disease with limited efficiency, and the use o...

Newly Discovered Role for Heart Response Enzyme May Yield Better Heart Failure Therapy

...ted. Those studies showed that increases in PI(3)K underlie the loss of beta-adrenergic receptors in animals and patients with heart failure, Rockman said. The researchers' earlier experiments showed that disrupting the function of PI(3)K preserves beta-adrenergic receptors on heart cells when they are chron...

Weight control protein may yield antiobesity drugs

...hat particular variants of the protein SH2-B might underlie obesity in humans, the researchers said. SH2-B, which has multiple functions in cells throughout the body, keeps the brain sensitive to the fat hormone leptin, found researchers from the University of Michigan Medical School. Produced by fat tissue,...

The making of a fat cell

...s yet to suggest that changes in integrin function underlie metabolic disorders, the fuller understanding of what happens in fat formation opens new avenues for exploration, he said. ...

System Drastically Cuts Down Botulism Detection Time

...s yet to suggest that changes in integrin function underlie metabolic disorders, the fuller understanding of what happens in fat formation opens new avenues for exploration, he said. ...

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