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Tag: "type" at biology news

Cracking open the black box of autoimmune disease

Autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes, lupus and rheumatoid arthritis occur w...cells damage multiple organs and cause symptoms of type 1 diabetes and Crohn's disease. However, until now, scientists have barely understood how Foxp3 cont...

Viral protein is an effective preventative against infection

...hly specific. Each lysin will only kill a specific type of bacteria, leaving the body’s normal flora untouched. "We knew from our previous experiments that if you treat an animal infected or colonized with pneumococci or streptococci with these lysins, you could cure or decolonize them," says Fischetti...

Targeting tumors the natural way

By mimicking Nature's way of distinguishing one type of cell from another, University of Wisconsin-Madison scientists now report they can more effectively seek out and kill cancer cells while sparing healthy ones. The new tumor targeting strategy, presented today (March 25) at the annual national meet...

Liposuctioned fat stem cells to repair bodies

...ances of transforming fat stem cells from one cell type into another. "Look at a cell’s epigenetic profile...s can’t be pushed along to become a different cell type unless they start out with the right set of [epigenetic] conditions." It is a complex area but on...

Hay fever can send work productivity down the drain

...is. Participants were asked about the severity and type of allergy symptoms they had, and whether or not they had seen a physician for treatment. The researchers placed participant responses into one of three groups: 240 patients received care from a family physician; 172 patients saw an allergist for ...

How stem cells are regulated

...alised cell types that all originate from the same type of primal cell; the embryonic stem cell. Stem cells can develop into any type of cell through a carefully regulated process referred to as cellular differentiation. During differ...

Engineering the heart piece by piece

...to replace, another major challenge remains: which type of cells to use. Or more clearly, which types of cells to use ?because heart muscle tissue is made up of several types of cells. Human heart cells are hard to come by, and “adult?stem cells haven’t yet been shown to be changeable into cardiac cells. ...

Fish can determine their social rank by observation alone, study finds

...al was to determine whether territorial fish use a type of reasoning called "transitive inference," in which known relationships serve as the basis for understanding unfamiliar ones. "Transitive inference is essential to logical reasoning," Fernald explained. "It's something that kids generally figure...

Reactivated gene shrinks tumors

...tifying the other genes that are activated in each type of tumor when p53 turns back on. The study also revealed that turning on p53 has no damaging effects in normal cells. The researchers had worried that p53 would kill normal cells because it had never been expressed in those cells. "This means y...

Bacterial response to oxidation studied as toxin barometer

....vcom.vt.edu/ ). “We wanted to see if the same type of marker would work with human cells, particularly brain cells. We used the bacteria to calibrate a sensor,?she said. “The bacteria are easier to prepare and more robust than using mammalian cells, such as rat brain tissue. Brain tissue is the most ...

Genomics throws species definition in question for microbes

...uisition of draft-quality genome sequences for all type strains to help advance the integration of genomic information into our understanding of microbial diversity and enable researchers to map phenotypes to genomes. ...

Stem cell therapy shows promise in regenerating damaged muscle in heart attack patients

...d Type O, these MSCs are being used without tissue type matching to a specific patient. A unique benefit of the stem cell product is that it is given to patients through a standard IV line. Other therapies require delivery to the site of the disease through catheterization or open surgical procedures, ...

Many couples choose to donate surplus embryos for stem cell research

...ther countries. "We are convinced that if this type of personal interview and survey were carried out in the U.S.A., at least 50% of the couples would be willing to donate their spare embryos for stem cell research," said Pablo Menendez, director of the Spanish Stem Cell Bank in Granada, Spain. The...

Chemicals in brown algae may protect against skin cancer

...own algae polyphenols (BAPs), which are found in a type of brown marine seaweed, might protect against skin cancers caused by ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation. UVB radiation in sunlight is thought responsible for 90 percent of the estimated 1.3 million cases of non-melanoma skin cancer diagnosed in the U...

Minuscule molecules pack a powerful punch

...ent of cells in the immune system, each major cell type - T-cells, B-cells and dendritic cells - performed less well. "These findings demonstrate the importance of this level of control in the immune system and will lead immunologists to rethink how the immune system works," said Dr Martin Turner, Head...

Drug treatment improves learning in mice with Down syndrome symptoms, Stanford/Packard study shows

... we’re instead strengthening synapses through some type of long-lasting neuronal adaptation," said Garner. A key component of enduring neural change associated with memory is known as long-term potentiation. In general terms, once a threshold of activating signals has been achieved, a neuron becomes pe...

Magic Beans -- Anti-obesity soya could help prevent diabetes

... in the treatment of diabetes. ‘The key problem in type II diabetes is impairment of insulin action, mainly as a result of excess abdominal adipose tissue - so loss of weight often improves glycaemic control,?says Dr Bender. Lynne Garton, a registered dietician and nutritionist and consultant to the So...

Stem cell therapy shows promise for rescuing deteriorating vision

...he nervous system devoted to vision. "This cell type isn't derived from the retina. It is derived from the brain," says Gamm. "But we're not asking it to become a retina. They survive in the environment of the eye and don't disrupt the local architecture. They seem to live in a symbiotic relation ship"...

Widely used iron nanoparticles exhibit toxic effects on neuronal cells

...site. "However, there are recent reports that this type of nanoparticle can be toxic in some cell types, a...ur discovery of their nano-toxicity in yet another type of cell suggests that these particles may not be as safe as we had once thought." In their studies...

MIT's ocean model precisely mimics microbes' life cycles

...sholm, Follows and Dutkiewicz plan to use this new type of model to look in more detail at what shapes the habitats of the phytoplankton and to link this to other, larger scientific issues about oceans, the plants and creatures living in them and global climate. "This is just the beginning," said Chis...

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