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Tag: "type" at biology news

Researchers first to map gene that regulates adult stem cell growth

...ple of translational research ?from the most basic type of genetic research all the way to possible treatments for patients." One big obstacle chemotherapy patients face is stem cell loss after treatments. This limits the dosage amount and types of chemotherapy that can be given. But if Latexin were us...

Researchers find 6,000-year-old fossil evidence

...his suggests that these groups might have had some type of contact with each other," Pearsall said. Loma Alta and Real Alto, the sites in southwestern Ecuador studied by Pearsall, turned up the oldest starch of domesticated chili peppers, at approximately 6,000 years old. Starch of the peppers in other...

Common blood test can help distinguish between mononucleosis and tonsillitis

... determine the number of lymphocytes (a particular type of white blood cell involved in the body's immune response) and overall white blood cell count. Total white blood cell count was significantly increased in the tonsillitis group compared with the mononucleosis group (16,560 cells per microliter vs...

How genetic malfunction causes a form of retardation

...t multipotent precursor cells to generate one cell type versus another. Moreover, we have shown that the same constitutively activated SHP-2 that occurs in a subpopulation of NS patients causes aberrant neural development in mice, providing a potential explanation for the cognitive dysfunction and neuroan...

Scientists map key landmarks in human genome

...sitioning," said Fisher. Although analyses of this type had been pioneered in simpler organisms such as yeast, those approaches were not feasible when applied to the massively larger and more complex human genome. The new technique "provides major new clues to the locations of many hallmark features of...

Flavanols in cocoa may offer benefits to the brain

... still living on the Islands near Panama consume a type of cocoa rich in flavanols on a daily basis and experience unusually low rates of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Hollenberg’s latest findings, which are published this month in the International Journal of Medical Sciences, used death cer...

The origin of the brain lies in a worm

...n of regulatory genes expressed, which endow every type of neuron with a specific molecular fingerprint. Comparing the molecular fingerpint of Platynereis nerve cells with what is known about vertebrates revealed surprising similarities. "Our findings were overwhelming," says Alexandru Denes, who carrie...

Will the plague pathogen become resistant to antibiotics?

...nt to multiple antibiotics, we warned that if this type of strain spreads or emerges again, it would pose a serious health problem" says co-author Elisabeth Carniel, head of the Yersinia Research Unit at the Institut Pasteur in Paris. "The discovery that the multiresistance plasmid acquired by the plague ...

New test for most virulent HPV strains under study

... virus over 10 years. It found women infected with type 18 had a 15 percent risk of cancerous or pre-cancerous changes after 10 years, those with type 16 had a 20 percent increased risk while those with the 11 other strains had a collective risk of 1-...

Can engineered immune cells stop AIDS?

...very system is an HIV-based "lentiviral vector," a type of retrovirus that uses the backbone of a virus to infect both dividing and nondividing cells. Wang says lentiviral vectors are very efficient delivery vehicles for human cells. Collaborators on his project are targeting hematopoietic stem cells ...

Prehistoric mystery organism verified as giant fungus

...r carbon from carbon dioxide in the air, any given type of plant will typically contain a similar ratio of carbon-12 to carbon-13 as another plant of the same type. "But if you’re an animal, you will look like whatever you eat," Boyce said. And Prototaxites displayed a much wider variation in its ratio of...

Making mice with enhanced color vision

...t when the first ancestral primate inherited a new type of photoreceptor more than 40 million years ago, i...iciently as red light. If an animal had only this type of photoreceptor, then a green light that was twice as bright as a red light would look identical to...

Natural polyester makes new sutures stronger, safer

With the help of a new type of suture based on MIT research, patients who get stitches may never need to have them removed. A biopolymer suture cleared last month by the FDA is made of materials that the human body produces naturally, so they can be safely absorbed once the wo...

Bacteria research offers hope for new vaccine against meningococci

...h year 170,000 people around the world die of this type of meningitis, according to the World Health Organization, WHO. Bacterial meningitis, as the disease is called, can even spark epidemics: in Africa 250,000 people were affected in a matter of weeks in the late 1990s. Without treatment, mortality am...

MIT biologists solve vitamin puzzle

...y been observed before in vitamin synthesis or any type of biosynthetic pathway, says Michiko Taga, an MIT postdoctoral fellow in Walker's lab and lead co-author of the Nature paper. "There are almost no other examples where the cofactor is used as a substrate," she said. One early clue to BluB's fu...

Tears reveal some of their deepest secrets to researchers

...ribe, for the first time, a new class of lipids ?a type of fat ?that make up part of the film. They also identified one of these lipids, oleamide, which had not been known to be a part of tears before. With each blink, meibum spreads over the surface of the eye. It keeps the watery middle layer in plac...

Pacific Rim researchers to collaborate on distributed bioinformatics analysis of avian flu

...mong factors determining how virulent a particular type of flu might be, and this will require a lot of raw computing power," said Maqsudul Alam, director at the Advance Studies in Genomics, Proteomics and Bioinformatics, College of Natural Sciences, University of Hawaii. "This will allow us to analyze th...

Microfluidic chip helps solve cellular mating puzzle

...one another when they want to merge, engaging in a type of mating behavior. Human cells ‘talk?to one anoth...signaling pathway. "The role of the second type of MAPK was unclear," said Saurabh Paliwal, a doctoral student in Levchenko’s lab and lead author of...

Scientists produce neurons from human skin

...eased areas of the brain," explains Berthod. "This type of procedure seems particularly interesting for diseases such as Parkinson’s, but it’s all theoretical for now. Before we can think of doing such things, we’ll have to improve nerve cell differentiation and prove that they can transmit nerve impulses...

Lower carbon dioxide emissions from coal-fueled power plants possible with technology development

...s are already being considered nationally for this type of storage. Colleagues at the Jackson School’s Bureau of Economic Geology will also study this storage option at the bureau’s Gulf Coast Carbon Center. They will evaluate using this liquid carbon dioxide to improve enhanced oil recovery, an approa...

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