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Tag: "type" at biology news

Stem cells act through multiple mechanisms to benefit mice with neurodegenerative disease

... Next, they used mouse neural stem cells (NSCs), a type of "adult" stem cell, to establish the parameters ...nge of multiple, collaborative mechanisms. Neither type of human stem cell created tumors, deformation, a worsening of symptoms, or gave rise to inappropria...

Africa's first large-scale HIV vaccine study launches

..., the data from this study will guide whether this type of vaccine approach offers promise to interrupt the continued spread of HIV. Additionally, the South African study is likely to provide important new data on how the test vaccine might work in a predominantly heterosexual HIV epidemic, how well th...

Newborn brains grow vision and movement regions first

...ich controls abstract reasoning. In addition, the type of brain tissue called gray matter, which contains... nerve cells, grew much more robustly than another type of tissue called white matter, which contains the connecting fibers between neurons in different bra...

Renegade RNA -- Clues to cancer and normal growth

...ers then stuck the same six-block end onto another type of small RNA, a small-interfering RNA or siRNA that turns off genes. This also forced the siRNA into the nucleus. According to Mendell, these results demonstrate for the first time that despite their tiny size, microRNAs contain elements consistin...

NASA predicts nongreen plants on other planets

...s that are most available. For example, there is a type of bacteria that inhabit murky waters where there is little visible light, and so they use infrared radiation during photosynthesis. Scientists have long known that the chlorophyll in most plants on Earth absorbs blue and red light and less green...

Genetic pathways to curable and incurable forms of pancreatic cancer identified

...ic genetic mutations as the more common and deadly type of ductal pancreatic cancer, has long been a mystery. Now researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center have unlocked the genetic reason why. Using unique mouse models to mimic the progression of both forms of human pancreatic cancer, resear...

Link found between immune system and high plasma lipid levels

...altering the expression level of LIGHT (a specific type of molecule that binds to a receptor site of another cell) and also lymphotoxin (LT) on T cells significantly impacted the cholesterol and triglyceride levels. When T cells expressing LIGHT were introduced into the mice, lipid levels rose, both wh...

Cancer-killing invention also harvests stem cells

...s that the device would use a shunt similar to the type used in hospitals today. This shunt would reside on the exterior of the arm or be implanted beneath the skin. Some of the blood flow would bypass the capillary bed and instead go into the shunt, which could remain implanted for many weeks, continua...

Bacteria control how infectious they become, study finds

...ed by proteins called transcription factors. Every type of bacteria known to humankind contains the transcription factor NusG, which controls nearly all of a bacterium's gene expression. Without it, a microorganism will die. “We think that NusG regulates nearly every gene in every form of bacteria,?sai...

Progress toward artificial photosynthesis?

... use in a chemical reaction by using a special new type of metal-free catalyst: graphitic carbon nitride. "Chemical activation of carbon dioxide, meaning its cleavage in a chemical reaction," explain chemists Goettmann, Thomas and Antonietti, " is one of the biggest challenges in synthetic chemistry." ...

Wired for sound: How the brain senses visual illusions

...rd, Ph.D., UCSD professor of neurosciences. "This type of perceptual illusion has been described before," said first author Jyoti Mishra, graduate student in the Hillyard lab. "The surprising finding we made is that the illusion depends on a rapidly timed sequence of interactions between the auditory a...

Scientists discover new, readily available source of stem cells

...ls, which are believed capable of generating every type of adult cell. "The full range of cells that AF...la. "So far, we've been successful with every cell type we've attempted to produce from these stem cells. The AFS cells can also produce mature cells that m...

Penn study on olfactory nerve cells shows why we smell better when we sniff

...e most of our sensory systems that detect only one type of stimuli, our sense of smell works double duty, detecting both chemical and mechanical stimuli to improve how we smell, according to University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine researchers in the March issue of Nature Neuroscience. This finding...

Antibody therapy prevents type 1 diabetes in mice

...stigators have successfully prevented the onset of type 1 diabetes in mice prone to developing the disease...ave significant implications for the prevention of type 1 diabetes. More than 700,000 Americans have type 1 diabetes, an autoimmune disorder in which the ...

Research on grey mould offers possible breakthrough in tomato cultivation

...itable for closed glasshouse cultivation. This new type of glasshouse has a higher atmospheric humidity that actually increases the chance of grey mould activity. By providing tomato varieties resistant to grey mould, De Ruiter Seeds will fill a worldwide need that has long been around. The research wa...

Scientists clone mice from adult skin stem cells

...yte and have traditionally been the preferred cell type for nuclear transfer. The stem cells gave the best efficiency, yielding 19 pups, nine of which grew up into normal, healthy, breeding adult mice. This is not the first time scientists have tried to use adult stem cells to clone mice. Experiments u...

ATR checkpoint-activating DNA structure

... the DNA damage response have been uncovered, this type of structural information is quite novel and valuable. The elucidation of the first defined DNA structure capable of eliciting the ATR checkpoint will aid researchers to further identify additional checkpoint proteins, as well as understand how check...

Blame the brain for high blood pressure

...in. The future challenge will be to understand the type of inflammation within the vessels in the brain, so that we know what drug to use, and how to target them. JAM-1 could provide us with new clues as to how to deal with this disease. ? Professor Jeremy Pearson, Associate Medical Director of the Brit...

MU researcher placing eye implants in cats to help humans see

...ase. The cat's eye is a good model to use for this type of research because it is very similar to a human eye in size and construction, so surgeons can use the same techniques and equipment. Cats also share many of the same eye diseases with humans. The Abyssinian cats that Narfstrom is working with typic...

Novel antigen-cloning technique may boost efforts to develop a melanoma vaccine

...ccines currently in development work to activate a type of white blood cell called cytotoxic T-lymphocytes...n breast cancer cells and gliomas, the most common type of brain tumor, indicating that it has potential as a vaccine for patients with these tumors. In ...

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