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Tag: "type" at biology news

UCI scientists reconstruct migration of avian flu virus

...ght mutation allows the virus to hop from one host type to the next," said Robert Wallace, UCI postdoctoral researcher and lead author of the study. "By spreading across a large area, the virus in essence can run multiple experiments in multiple locations, increasing the likelihood that it will mutate int...

Blood sugar's manufacture limited by building blocks' supply

...biting KLF15 might prove beneficial in people with type II diabetes who have too much glucose, partly because the liver produces more than necessary," Jain said. "Their glucose sensor is off. If you attenuate KLF15 in the liver, you might limit glucose production." Gray said she plans to further exp...

30+ AIDS vaccine clinical trials in 24 countries, research occurring on every continent

...de preliminary information on the efficacy of this type of vaccine candidate. These results will have significant implications for the field's future research and development efforts. The company will also soon be starting an additional Phase IIb trial with the same candidate in South Africa. The ...

Jefferson scientists find rabies-based vaccine could be effective against HIV

... cannot cause disease. Such vectors are based on a type of rabies vaccine strain that has been used for more than 20 years in oral vaccines against rabies in wildlife in Europe. The study was aimed at studying the safety and effectiveness of the rabies vaccine approach against HIV and related diseases. ...

Study suggests some drug resistance to influenza B medications

...iral drugs, zanamivir and oseltamivir, which are a type of drugs known as neuraminidase inhibitors, have b...evidence of the emergence of oseltamivir-resistant type A viruses, but similar information on influenza B viruses has been limited. Influenza B viruses are ...

Red flag for repetitive stress injuries identified for first time in humans

...because the biomarkers could also indicate another type of injury, they do provide a red flag where before there was none," said Barr, associate professor of physical therapy at Temple's College of Health Professions. Currently, healthcare providers can diagnose repetitive motion injuries (RMI) based o...

Good behavior, religiousness may be genetic

...f the genetic and environmental influences on this type of behavior." This research is another example of the way that genes have an impact on behavior. "Society as a whole assumes that home environments have large impacts on behavior, but studies in behavior genetics are repeatedly showing that our b...

Power-boosting signal in muscle declines with age

...the increased prevalence of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes that occurs with aging. "The message... pathway. "In regards to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, having more AMPK activity in our skeletal muscle is probably a good thing because AMPK a...

Veterinary scientists explore poultry virus as cancer killer

...ans. Prostate cancer is the second most common type of cancer in men, according to the American Cancer Society (ACS). The ACS estimates there will be almost 219,000 new cases of prostate cancer reported in the United States in 2007. According to Subbiah, the use of poultry viruses as cancer therap...

New player in commitment to life as a fat cell

...ity, senior author of the study. Gout is a painful type of arthritis that results when uric acid crystals build up in the joints. "These findings are novel in many aspects," said Iphigenia Tzameli of Harvard Medical School, one of the study's first authors. "This enzyme was originally known in associat...

MIT model helps researchers 'see' brain development

...that allowed her to identify the age at which each type of fold, coarse or fine, developed, and how quickly. She found that the coarse folds, equivalent to the largest folds in a crumpled piece of paper, develop earlier and more slowly than fine-grained folds. In addition to providing insights into...

New details on how the immune system recognizes influenza

...epitopes in the database are those recognized by a type of immune cell known as a T cell; far fewer are recognized by B cells, a type of white blood cell that produces infection-fighting antibodies. Antibodies induced by seasonal and ...

Woven scaffolds could improve cartilage repair

... of cartilage damage or injury." Cartilage is a type of connective tissue that lines the ends of bones, providing cushioning and a smooth surface for their movement within the joint. Damage to cartilage is difficult to treat, the researchers said, because the tissue lacks a supply of blood, nerve and l...

Type of stem cell found to reside in transplanted lungs

A new study involving a type of stem cells from the lungs of transplant patient...searchers studied mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a type of progenitor cell that most commonly originates in the bone marrow. In this study, lead author Vibh...

'Marathon mice' elucidate little-known muscle type

..." that drives the formation of a poorly understood type of muscle. Moreover, they found, animals whose mus...fiber types, some muscle beds are enriched for one type or the other, Spiegelman said. However, adult skeletal muscles also contain fibers with an abundance...

Enhancing activity of marijuana-like chemicals in brain helps treat

... particular form of adaptation occurs in one cell type but not in the other. Malenka said this discove...ns Kreitzer identified as inhibiting motion had a type of dopamine receptor on them that the other cells didn't. The researchers tested a drug called quin...

Soft-cell approach cuts animal tests

...es until half of the test animals are killed. One type of test commonly used where this occurs is the LD5...s known to have a toxic effect on the liver, liver type cells such as hepatocytes can be chosen. The in vitro technique is cheap and portable, so scient...

Columbia scientists determine 3-dimensional structure of cell's 'fuel gauge'

...n especially promising drug target for people with type 2 diabetes. These patients are insulin-resistant, meaning that their cells are not responsive to insulin which normally helps glucose get out of the bloodstream, where it does damage, and into cells. When AMPK detects low levels of ATP in the cell, ...

Lithium builds gray matter in bipolar brains, UCLA study shows

...e differences in brain structure," she said. "This type of imaging has not been used before to study bipolar patients. We also revealed how commonly used medications affect the bipolar brain." Although other studies have measured increases in the overall volume of the brain, Bearden said, this imaging...

McBride shows DNA detective work with paper-eating bacteria that 'glide'

...o efficiently break down cellulose," he says. "One type cuts the long carbohydrate molecule through the middle, while another chews small pieces from the ends." Not so with C. hutchinsonii. Although it efficiently digests cellulose, in DNA analysis it appears to be lacking one of the usual enzymes, sug...

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