type 2 3

Tag: "type" at biology news

DNA-damage test could aid drug development

...als. "This research is the first stage in a new type of clinical drug toxicity test," says Lodish. "And although we haven't done it, you may be able to extend the technique to humans. Humans are the gold standard in that one wants an assay that directly predicts toxicity in humans, not animals, and you...

The quest for an effective HIV vaccine presents new possibilities, challenges

...s. Johnston and Fauci assert. Vaccines of this type present several complications, however. T-cell-mediated control of HIV infection may not stave off disease forever. Additional human studies would be needed to determine if the vaccine also reduces the spread of HIV. Finally, an HIV vaccine that dela...

Decoding protein structures helps illuminate cause of diabetes

...rted form of a human protein that is implicated in type II diabetes. Pancreatic damage in type II diabetes has been linked to toxic clumps of the protein hIAPP (human islet amyloid polypeptide), ...

Implanting dopamine generators in brain cells obtains improvement in Parkinson's in monkeys

...eriments and in humans. The advantage of this cell type with respect to others is the possibility of carrying out autoimplants, thus avoiding tissue rejection or immunosupressor treatment. Research Research was undertaken with monkeys who had Parkinson's induced by the administration of a neurotox...

Iowa State scientists demonstrate first use of nanotechnology to enter plant cells

...re swallowed by the plant protoplasts, which are a type of spherical plant cells without cell walls. Most plant transformation, however, occurs with the use of a gene gun, not through endocytosis. In order to use the gene gun to introduce the nanoparticles to walled plant cells, the chemists made anot...

A new portable biosensor detects traces of contaminants in food more quickly and cheaply

...ntibodies which hook onto, for example, a specific type of virus. Hence the virus is identified and may be eliminated. In the case of the sensors, specific antibodies for atrazine have been used (in the case of pesticides) and for sulphanilamide (in the case of identifying antibiotics). Once the antibodie...

Left-right wiring determined by neural communication in the embryonic worm

...y so that every worm still has exactly one of each type of cell," says the paper's senior author Cori Bargmann, Torsten N. Wiesel Professor and head of the Laboratory of Neural Circuits and Behavior at Rockefeller. "What is it that sets up this kind of handedness in the brain"" Prior studies had shown ...

Intelligent materials to regenerate bone tissue

...aused by accidents. The implants required for this type of solutions are more complex and sophisticated than the small implants known to date. . The Nanobiocom project aims at developing a support matrix (scaffold) of a compound material that is ‘intelligent? proactive, and capable of repairing and reg...

Bats get the munchies too!

...sweetness versus bitterness may vary according the type of sugar and the amount of ethanol consumed. The combination of sucrose and ethanol may just have tasted better than either ethanol and fructose, or ethanol and glucose?...

Switching genes to overdrive improves muscular dystrophy symptoms in mice

...chenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the most common type of muscular dystrophy in children, occurring once in about every 5,000 live births of boys, and is ultimately fatal. The average age of death is the mid-teens, and most patients die by their 30s. In the United States, about 400 to 600 boys are born e...

Biodegradable microspheres deliver time release vaccines, stimulate different immune response

...omething unexpected. The vaccine enhanced another type of immune response known as cellular-mediated immunity (CMI). CMI allows the immune system to identify, target and kill cells that have already become infected, something antibodies can not do. The determine the cause of this effect, Wilson-Welde...

Deconstructing brain wiring, one neuron at a time

... network, and even neighboring neurons of the same type differ in connectivity and function. So, resea...figure out the pattern of connections typical of a type of neuron, to see which other cell types they connect with and how those connections are configured....

MIT's ocean model captures diversity of underwater forests

...sholm, Follows and Dutkiewicz plan to use this new type of model to look in more detail at what shapes the habitats of the phytoplankton and to link this to other, larger scientific issues about oceans, the plants and creatures living in them and global climate. "This is just the beginning," said Chis...

It's never too late to get it back! Aging interrupted

...er of calories which are consumed, rather than the type of food which is the key to the effects of low calorie diets on the ageing process. However, it is known that vegetarians and fish eaters live longer than red meat eaters, and that, generally, the more fruit and vegetables in the diet, the better you...

Genome sequencing reveals key to viable ethanol production

..."Once we know how a bacterium targets a particular type of biomass, we should be able to boost that process to draw ethanol from biomass far more efficiently that we can today." Ethanol holds the promise of a clean, renewable alternative to fossil fuels, but deriving it from plants is difficult. Produci...

Rare cell prevents rampant brain activity

...n excitatory signals, which are transmitted by one type of synapse, and inhibitory counter-signals, which ...a mechanism that might explain how the most common type of neuron in the cerebral cortex ?the pyramid cell ?is prevented from becoming over-activated. Their...

Investigating the measles virus as a tool to kill multiple myeloma

...d or refractory (that is, having had more than one type of treatment fail them) myeloma. They must not have had allogeneic (from another person) stem cell transplants and must either have had a prior measles infection or been vaccinated against it. In the 1970s, measles infections were observed to cau...

Scientists identify pancreatic cancer stem cells

... The researchers then implanted about 100 of each type of cell in mice, and found that tumors would grow in a subset of the animals, but cells that expressed all three markers were the most potent, producing tumors in six of 12 mice tested. If more cells are used, "we can get tumors to grow 100 percent o...

Stanford-led study closes in on genes that may predispose some people to severe depression

...ression, then we would be able to understand what type of gene is it, what it does in the brain and by what mechanism it could make one more or less predisposed to depression." Knowing more about which genes are the major factors causing a predisposition for depression would also help researchers ...

Sandia researchers take new approach to studying how cells respond to pathogens

...cells are short-lived outside of bodies. To do the type of experiments they wanted, the researchers needed cells that can stay alive more than a couple of hours, have the ability grow and represent a relevant model of human immune cells. They obtained "immortalized mouse immune cells" from a collaborator ...

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10