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Tag: "turned" at biology news

For the first time: Longevity modulated without disrupting life-sustaining function

...ironment, but for some reason DAF-2 signaling gets turned off precociously, the worms reap the benefit of increased stress resistance and double their lifespan from an average of 20 to 40 days. Except the worms trade a trim life focused on reproduction for a long life with fewer progeny and a tendency to ha...

Salk researchers make fast strides towards understanding how our body controls walking

..." for long periods of time and need to be actively turned off. That is exactly what V1 neurons are doing," explained Goulding. In order to initiate the next step, each burst of motor neuron activity needs to be switched off. Switching off motor neurons more quickly, speeds up the stepping movements, allowin...

Hopkins researchers discover genetic switch that turns off an oxygen-poor cell's combustion engine

...ut until now researchers thought that HIF-1 simply turned up glycolysis and let the mitochondrion slow down on its own and produce less ATP, he said. Because the mitochondrion runs on oxygen, it doesn't work properly in hypoxic conditions, Dang explained. Instead, glycolysis is left to shoulder the burden o...

Groovy protein essential for promoting cancer development

... affected the binding of the chromosome end. "They turned out to be lined up right within that groove," Cech said. The scientists found that these same mutations abolished telomerase's ability to extend telomeres, demonstrating that the groove was important for active telomerase. "We now have a detailed...

Report lists top 20 most-vulnerable African carnivores

... affected the binding of the chromosome end. "They turned out to be lined up right within that groove," Cech said. The scientists found that these same mutations abolished telomerase's ability to extend telomeres, demonstrating that the groove was important for active telomerase. "We now have a detailed...

Protein receptor cools passion of 'kiss and run' nerve cells

... cell down the chain. In a sense, it's like you've turned a channel." Heidi Hamm, professor and chair of pharmacology at Vanderbilt University, is a co-author of the PNAS paper. Other authors are Huzefa Photowala, Trillium Blackmer and Eric Schwartz, all former graduate students or post-doctoral researcher...

Loosen leash on cancer protein 'watchdog,' researchers say

...rates were dramatically lower than expected, which turned out to be the more significant finding of the study." Mendrysa said the results were an enlightening fundamental discovery about suppressing hereditary intestinal cancers. But she also said the work raised a number of questions that would need to be...

HIV vaccine takes different tack to boosting immune response

... found that dendritic cells in which the SOCS1 was turned off were more efficient at stimulating the body's immune cells. Most immunization attempts to stimulate an immune response to HIV in the past have been disappointing, but Chen says his laboratory results hold promise to make current HIV vaccines wor...

Newly discovered killer cell fights cancer

...itic cell blend," says Housseau. The blended cell turned out to be a newly identified actor on the immune system stage that retains all the molecular characteristics of both NK and dendritic cells. Probing further, Housseau scoured the surface of IKDCs to create a sketch of its molecular profile. He fo...

Convergent evolution of molecules in electric fish

...to turn-on in a cell that for millions of years it turned on in, and now it's turning-on in this new organ." When the research team looked at the sodium channel protein sequences, they found that some of the mutations occurred at the same or very close to sites in the protein where mutations have been show...

New weapon in battle against osteoporosis

... human beings? To answer this question, Dr. Karsak turned to a team of scientists working in France who had access to genetic samples from more than 160 female osteoporosis patients and 240 healthy women. This line of enquiry proved a complete success: "We found that a specific variant of the CB2 gene occur...

Secrets of the sea yield stronger artificial bone

...e from nature. In this case, Tomsia and colleagues turned to the ocean. When seawater freezes, crystals of pure ice form layers, while impurities such as salt and microorganisms are expelled from the forming ice and entrapped in channels between the ice crystals. The result is a layered structure that rough...

Computer scientist sorts out confusable drug names

...nt into cardiac arrest. A few years ago, the FDA turned to Project Performance Corporation (PPC), a U.S. s...ip from a professor at the University of Maryland, turned to Dr. Greg Kondrak, a professor in the University of Alberta Department of Computing Science. "Du...

UCR researchers design chip that can improve citrus varieties

... manage them. By helping determine which genes are turned on in a tissue of citrus ?genes that are associated with taste, acidic content and disease, for example ?the chip provides information useful to researchers for rectifying existing problems and making improvements to the fruit. The citrus array will...

Inflammation and drugs to control this activity studied in a variety of tumors sites

...mmune system are either misdirected or chronically turned on, inflammation can lead to adversity, including some forms of cancer. For this reason, scientists are closely studying the link between inflammatory processes and tumor formation, while others are investigating anti-inflammatory drugs as a means t...

Researchers identify genes in fruitflies that may shed light on human cancer spread

...ltaneously captured a global view of all the genes turned on when cells are on the move. The study, to be ...fied several hundred genes that are preferentially turned on in so-called border cells of the fruitfly ovary that migrate during normal development. Two main ...

USC researchers investigate protein that protects tumors

...s. "We are learning more about how this protein is turned on and off in a cancer cell." ...

UC San Diego biologists solve plant growth hormone enigma

...w what happens in a plant when auxin production is turned off. The researchers identified a family of 11 genes (YUCCA 1-11) that are involved in the synthesis of auxin. In Arabidopsis--a small plant favored by biologists because it is easy to manipulate genetically--Zhao's team inactivated combinations of...

Bacteria beat the heat

...isons of the enzymes, which were nearly identical, turned up differences in just two of the hundreds of amino acids making up the enzyme sequence. When the scientists replaced these two amino acids in the enzyme adapted to the moderate temperatures with those of the heat-loving enzyme, they observed an incr...

Malaria, potato famine pathogen share surprising trait

...lar, but also functionally the same," he said. "It turned out that they were. But although the mechanism of getting virulence proteins into a host cell is very similar, the infection-causing proteins that are delivered to a host are completely different." To Kamoun's knowledge, this is the first paper to s...

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