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Tag: "turned" at biology news

Hooked on fishing, and we're heading for the bottom, says scientist

... is dire, Dr. Pauly believes this situation can be turned around. He believes that a reduction of excess fishing capacity, the creation of "no-take zones" covering about 20 per cent of habitats, and political enforcement of sustainable fishing levels will result not just in pulling back from the brink, but ...

Darkness unveils vital metabolic fuel switch between sugar and fat

...s. "This is the first example of a gene that is turned on by darkness, where darkness itself is a signal," Lee said. "Twelve hours of darkness didn't do the job; it had to be at least 48 hours." Tests showed it subsequently took five to seven hours of light exposure to inhibit the gene's expression i...

Ticks, flukes, and genomics: Emerging pathogens revealed

...ial studies to determine which bacterial genes are turned on during ehrlichiosis infection and to track the evolutionary differences between ehrlichiosis-causing organisms in different parts of the world. Other scientists can build on the new work as well, by accessing the comparative database now online at...

'Nano-keys' bind cell receptors and trigger allergic reactions

...are binding to the engineered surfaces and getting turned on. We can then see how the cell is organizing itself due to the stimulus." Collaborators include: David Holowka, Cornell senior scientist in chemistry; and the research groups of Harold G. Craighead, Cornell professor of applied and engineering phy...

Laos ?a lost world for frogs

...bed salamander species found by Stuart in Laos has turned up earlier this year in the Japanese pet trade, where it is commanding a high commercial price. This species is currently known only from two, nearby localities in northern Laos. Conservationists are eager to begin surveys of this species to documen...

Why nerve cells work faster than the theory allows

... Hodgkin-Huxley-type models. To their surprise, it turned out that a high variability of the threshold value and a rapid onset of the action potential cannot be unified in this model. Both characteristics behave like both sides of a seesaw. To obtain a high variability of the threshold value, the model requ...

Earth Rx: A microbial biotechnology prescription for global environmental health

...electing on the basis of metabolic function, which turned out largely to be a hit-or-miss approach. "You would find a few organisms that just grew like crazy," said Rittmann. "We call them 'weeds' because they take advantage of the luxurious conditions found in the lab but they might not be the ones who a...

Less is more, gene study shows

...he immune system, he explained, must constantly be turned up or down to give the proper response. "It's a delicate balance---you don't want it too strong or too weak." The normal function of CASPASE12 is to keep the response from being too strong, and that probably served humans well at one time. But then, ...

Salmonella caught red-handed

...from the Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry then turned to highly-sensitive mass spectrometry to look at t...ins play in a Salmonella infection. The scientists turned off genes responsible for the proteins to see how it affected the disease's progress. "Knocking out"...

MiRNA fingerprint identified in platelet formation

...y, we found that a specific set of miRNA genes are turned off in normal platelet development, but turned on in certain platelet-related leukemia cells," says lead author Dr. Ramiro Garzon, a clinical instr...

Common enzyme is a key player in DNA repair

...ging in worms, systematically identified the genes turned on in bacteria exposed to DNA damaging agents, the so-called SOS response. Kenyon named the damaged-inducible (Din) genes in order of discovery, and DinB was the second one she found. "Knocking it out didn't seem to have an obvious effect ," Walker...

Molecule does more than slice and dice RNA

...NA interference, a process that causes genes to be turned off and which, in turn, prompts a host of key developmental events. With the structure of Dicer solved, Doudna's group showed that the enzyme is more than a molecular cleaver -- it also carefully measures and snips strands of RNA into precise increm...

Advanced genomics and proteomics improve the diagnosis and treatment of a deadly lung disease

...NA interference, a process that causes genes to be turned off and which, in turn, prompts a host of key developmental events. With the structure of Dicer solved, Doudna's group showed that the enzyme is more than a molecular cleaver -- it also carefully measures and snips strands of RNA into precise increm...

How marine reserves are giving coral reefs a helping hand

... Sea Park was fun because a large number of sharks turned up to watch us work. Sharks have been heavily fished on most coral reefs so it's always a thrill to visit one of their sanctuaries." ...

Mice lacking social memory molecule take bullying in stride

...ransgenic techniques and a virus) that selectively turned off BDNF expression in the social learning circuit...sed. Identification of the products of the genes turned on and off by social defeat, BDNF and antidepressants revealed the workings of the molecular pathway...

Plant-derived vaccines safeguard against deadly plague

...tute at Arizona State University have successfully turned tobacco plants into vaccine production factories to combat the deadliest form of plague. The vaccine elicits a protective immune response in guinea pigs. The results are considered to be a milestone in the future development of a new vaccine for huma...

Unraveling the mysteries of poison

...efore and after the toxin affected the channel, it turned out that the poison attaches to a particular area of the channel ?the pore region ?and changes the area's structure. The poison is thus only effective when it recognises a particular amino acid sequence in the ion channel. It is also important how in...

Therapeutic prospects beyond Vioxx

... A surprising finding came when the investigators turned to a drug target that might substitute for COX-2 ?an enzyme called microsomal prostaglandin E synthase (mPGES)-1. Other investigators had shown previously that deletion of this enzyme seemed as effective as treatment with NSAIDs in models of pain and...

Rewind, please: Nature paper shows that cell division is reversible

... the factors pointing cells toward division can be turned and even reversed," Gorbsky said. "If we wait too long, however, it doesn't work, so we know that there are multiple regulators in the cell division cycle. Now we will begin to study the triggers that set these events in motion." The findings may pr...

Study: Paramedics save more lives when they don't follow the rules

...l. Excessive ventilations during chest compression turned out to be harmful, too." First responders applying the new protocol were able to resuscitate the majority (58 percent) of out-of-hospital witnessed cardiac arrest victims, provided they had a "shockable" initial heart rhythm. "Shockable" describes a...

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