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Tag: "turned" at biology news

Human cerebellum and cortex age in very different ways

...xpression -- the degree to which various genes are turned "on" and "off" -- in five different regions of the brain's cortex. They found that in all five cortical areas, brain changes with aging were pronounced and consistent. Changes in gene expression in the cerebellum were smaller and less coordinated. T...

Biotechnology's newest chemical tool

...ed the transfer with a multiple carbon bond. "It turned out that our first bet, a double or triple carbon-carbon bond, placed next to the transferable carbon unit, helped to alleviate the problems that had plagued the reaction in previous studies," Klimasauskas said. He likened the chemical reaction to a ...

Cornell finds natural selection in humans

...ion factors (proteins that control which genes are turned on or off) have been particularly affected by positive selection and show rapid evolution in the last 5 million years, when humans shared a common ancestor with chimps. Likewise, the researchers found that approximately 13 percent of the genes that...

Regenerating worms help elucidate stem cell biology

... they got their first clues when they individually turned off 1,065 of the worm's genes, and found 240 that ...y amputated part of a worm where the gene had been turned off, the stem cells were still able to detect the wound. Amputation triggered the stem cells to divi...

Restoring silenced suppressor gene kills lung-cancer cells

...ng tumors, and in 62 percent of cases, the gene is turned off by a chemical process known as methylation. ...that if a silenced WWOX gene is present and can be turned back on, that too will kill tumor cells," adds first author and postdoctoral researcher Muller Fabbr...

Give thanks for the cranberry, say dental researchers

... juice that are most protective. A food scientist turned dentist, Koo became fascinated with research and is an expert on natural substances that can improve oral health. Currently, as an assistant professor in the Eastman Department of Dentistry and a researcher in the Center for Oral Biology, he is focus...

Delaware scientists make significant advance in study of small RNAs

...ulated there was not much transcriptional activity turned out to be sites of tremendous amounts of small RNA activity. Green said the implications of their findings would have a vital impact on future research by both their laboratories and those at other institutions. "What we found is just the beginning ...

Small molecule inhibitor of cholera discovered

...d lead author Deborah Hung identified several that turned off the expression of virulence proteins, factors that help the bacteria invade its human host and cause disease. They then showed that the most promising compound prevented cholera bacteria from setting up an infection when introduced into the diges...

NIAID researchers show how promising TB drug works

...al and mutant strains of M. tb failed, so the team turned to a specially modified microarray-based technique, called comparative genome sequencing, developed by NimbleGen Systems, Inc. (Madison, WI). This was the first time the technique has been used to identify a protein involved in TB drug resistance, no...

Gene therapy for muscular dystrophy fixes frail muscle cells in animal model, Stanford study finds

...including cancer and an immune reaction, that have turned up in viral gene therapy trials. Instead this approach uses naked DNA that travels through the bloodstream to cells of the body. For his part, Rando said that no matter how well gene therapy works in an isolated muscle, researchers still must figure...

Scientists determine structure of enzyme that disrupts bacterial virulence

...terial "group think" because certain genes are not turned on until a minimum number of bacteria are present. Hence, this phenomenon is called quorum-sensing. "Being able to disrupt quorum-sensing in these organisms could potentially augment our current treatments, and knowing the structure of this quoru...

Study reveals genomics of inflammation from severe injury

...ated in response to endotoxin, more than half were turned down, causing the blood cells to be less metabolic... one would expect genes required for healing to be turned up and for white blood cells to be more, not less, active. Although other research groups have seen ...

Study Unlocks Insects?Secret for Love in the Dark

...ated in response to endotoxin, more than half were turned down, causing the blood cells to be less metabolic... one would expect genes required for healing to be turned up and for white blood cells to be more, not less, active. Although other research groups have seen ...

New view of cancer: 'Epigenetic' changes come before mutations

...on, but from an epigenetic problem that improperly turned on the copy of the IGF2 gene that should have remained off. Feinberg and his colleagues propose that cancers develop via a three-step process. First, there is an epigenetic disruption of progenitor cells within an organ or tissue, altered by abnorma...

Envisat radar surveillance protects endangered prehistoric fish

...lice effectively. So the French maritime authority turned to satellite surveillance ?employing ESA's Envisat satellite in conjunction with Canada's Radarsat-1. The radar sensors aboard these spacecraft can monitor the region during both day and night and in all weathers, including cloudy conditions. The...

Breaking the mold: Research teams sequence three fungus genomes

...y, documenting different A. fumigatus genes that turned on and off, as the environment warmed. The A. fumigatus genome is 28 Mb in size, consisting of 8 chromosomes bearing a total of almost 10,000 genes. Which genes make the mold virulent? Some 700 A. fumigatus genes significantly differ--or do not...

PET imaging reveals the immune system at work

...ording to Witte, is that these techniques could be turned to the study of autoimmune diseases, where the immune system mistakenly identifies native cells or tissues as foreign and mounts an attack. The techniques they've developed should now enable scientists -- and one day clinicians -- to observe the ebb...

Jefferson biologist coaxing human embryonic stem cells to make dopamine with simpler, faster method

...ording to Witte, is that these techniques could be turned to the study of autoimmune diseases, where the immune system mistakenly identifies native cells or tissues as foreign and mounts an attack. The techniques they've developed should now enable scientists -- and one day clinicians -- to observe the ebb...

Researchers show key protein necessary for normal development of red blood cells

...bryonic globin gene. "Understanding how genes are turned on and off, and the switch from the embryonic globin gene to the adult beta-globin gene has clinical relevance to treatment of sickle cell anemia and beta-thalassemia," said Joyce A. Lloyd, Ph.D., associate professor of Human Genetics at VCU, and cor...

Students discover 11,000 year old remains of Irish Elk

...wn the cliff ?and uncovered an orange streak which turned out to be an antler." As the block was in danger of imminent collapse, which would have crushed the antler, Dr Davey arranged for a team to remove it almost immediately. The antler is now being cleaned, examined and re-constructed by Dr Philippa To...

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