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Tag: "turn" at biology news

Carnegie Mellon scientists find key HIV protein makes cell membranes bend more easily

...with cells to unload their genetic contents, which turn host cells into virus-producing factories. In the ...facilitate a change in the shape of gp41, which in turn drives uptake of HIV RNA and proteins by the T cell. But the Carnegie Mellon work suggests that FP-2...

Researchers discover inherited mutation for leukemia

...e unneeded genes. But abnormal DNA methylation can turn off genes that control cell growth, and that lead to tumor growth. "Our findings identify for the first time a gene that appears to be associated with hereditary CLL," says coauthor John C. Byrd, professor of internal medicine and a CLL specialis...

Brain inflammation may be friend, not foe, for Alzheimer's patients

.... The work suggests that doctors not rush in to turn off molecular events that scientists have widely considered to be detrimental in people with the disease. The findings could also renew efforts to develop a vaccine or other strategies against Alzheimer’s by engaging the body’s immune system. The ...

Blood test may help signal tumor's remission, return in throat cancer patients

...ent a new target for drug therapy. Drugs that help turn off NF-kappaB are currently being tested in clinical trials at NIH and elsewhere. The researchers note that a few of the patients experienced elevations in cytokine levels related to other illnesses or injuries, and not to throat cancer; therefore...

Math that powers spam filters used to understand how brain learns to move our muscles

...nks and make a prediction on how to move, which in turn would also be memorized. While short term memory was periodically purged, repeated errors were transferred to a long term memory bank. The computer learner was tasked with “looking” at a spot of light. Then all the lights were turned off. The spo...

Old memory traces in brain may trigger chronic pain

... you can think of chronic pain as the inability to turn off the memory of the pain,” Apkarian said. “What’s exciting is that we now may be relieving what has clinically been the most difficult to treat—the suffering or the emotional component of pain.” Scientists have always tried to understand pain f...

CSIRO scientists join fight to save 'Tassie devil'

...ow researchers to remove known infected devils, in turn limiting the spread of the disease.” To date AAHL scientists have processed and examined 29 lesions from 12 affected animals and have also collected and processed a further 30 affected animals where both tumour tissue and tumours grown in the labo...

In mice, drug protects against diabetes and atherosclerosis

...se in mice at the same time, and we believe it may turn out to be protective against asthma and other metabolic disorders as well." The laboratory animals showed no harmful effects from the treatment, though Hotamisligil cautioned that experiments were not designed to look for such effects rigorously....

Breakthrough developments in rheumatoid arthritis reported

...system works to create specific antibodies that in turn increase a person’s risk for this crippling disease. On Monday at the Federation of Clinical Immunology Services’ (FOCIS) meetings in San Diego, CA, Dr. Gregersen and his colleagues will be presenting the lab’s latest genetic findings. The group...

U-M researchers discover gene switched off in cancer can be turned on

...to an inhibitor drug, the researchers were able to turn the gene back on, allowing BRM to be expressed. Th...can detect it, but we need to find a better way to turn it back on. No drugs are designed to deal with a gene that’s turned off. But it’s a straightforward ...

Bacteria ferry nanoparticles into cells for early diagnosis, treatment

...ry hundreds of nanoparticles, each of which can in turn carry hundreds of drug molecules, depending on the size of the nanoparticles. The approach also could make it possible to insert relatively large structures, such as sensors and hollow filaments called carbon nanotubes, into the interiors of cells...

Mutating the entire genome

...es of non-gene DNA are “regulatory sequences” that turn genes on or off, or turn their activity up or down like a dimmer switch. Other DNA sequences are responsible for folding and ...

Potato wart eyed as risk to potato production

...htly growths that initially appear white, and then turn brown or black as they decay, rendering the potato tuber unrecognizable and inedible. There is a zero tolerance for the fungus that causes potato wart. As a result, this disease has been placed on the USDA’s "Select Agent List" of plant pathogens...

Researchers develop buckyballs to fight allergy

...s have, however, we are the first to show they can turn off the allergic response and basic immune reactions,” he said. According to Kepley, who is the principal author of the paper, the buckyballs are able to ‘interrupt’ the allergy/immune response by inhibiting a basic process in the cell that leads ...

Putting feelings into words produces therapeutic effects in the brain

...al prefrontal cortex was activated, which seems to turn down activity in the amygdala. They then compared ...mindful bring all sorts of prefrontal resources to turn down the amygdala. These findings may help explain the beneficial health effects of mindfulness medi...

St. Jude study shows genes play an unexpected role in their own activation

...hat the CREB ‘plumber’ requires different tools to turn on different genes; and that each gene determines which set of co-factor tools from CREB’s toolbox it will respond to.” In order to activate a gene, CREB must first get “tagged” by a molecule called phosphate. CREB then recruits a co-factor calle...

'Smart' mice teach scientists about learning process, brain disorders

...ch entirely eliminates the gene. "Being able to turn a gene off throughout a brain is a really advanced thing to do," Dr. Bibb said. "It’s been shown that it can be done, but we put the system together and actually applied it." Normally, Cdk5 works with another enzyme to break up a molecule called N...

Skimmed milk -- Straight from the cow

...genetically produce milk without fat then that may turn out to be a very good solution to what might later be a big disposal issue,’ says Komorowski. Producing skimmed and semi-skimmed milk means there is a lot of fat left over. Komorowski noted, however, that although the lower-fat milk may be health...

HIV and malaria combine to adversely affect pregnant women and their infants

... to understand these diseases during pregnancy and turn this knowledge into effective therapies. Until now the mechanisms by which pregnant women defend themselves against malaria and how HIV impairs this defence have been unknown, but a paper published in PLoS Medicine (Public Library of Science) pin...

For many insects, winter survival is in the genes

...rchers found 11 previously undiscovered genes that turn on heat-shock proteins during diapause. Until this study, they had only known of two such proteins. Denlinger and his team also examined the expression of one of those previously discovered heat-shock proteins, Hsp70, in five additional insect spe...

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