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Tag: "tube" at biology news

War on terror meets war on cancer

...was boiled into steam, which was routed to another tube where the water condensed. Before undergoing this process, half of the bacterial cakes were washed with water with four different ratios of oxygen-18 to oxygen-16. The washing process allowed researchers to calculate how much of the water extracted ...

Grabbing addiction by the tail

... effects at all," said Wang. By inserting a tiny tube into the rats' brains, the researchers delivered the peptide directly to the nucleus accumbens and to another area of the brain involved in reward and motivation, the ventral tegmental area. The peptide reduced the rats' drug-seeking behavior only wh...

DNA size a crucial factor in genetic mutations, study finds

...iently as it did natural thymine, both in the test tube and in live E. coli bacteria. In contrast to this, the smallest and largest analogs in the set were rejected by the enzyme and the bacteria. According to Kool, these results indicate that size is a strong factor determining enzyme efficiency-and a ...

Tiny avalanche photodiodes target bioterrorism agents

... capable of this sensitivity. These fragile vacuum tube devices are expensive and bulky, hindering true systems miniaturization. The APD technology may see further use in the deployment of systems for secure battlefield communication. Wavelengths around 280 nanometers are referred to as the solar-blind r...

Hidden sponges determine coral reef's nutrient cycle

...important inhabitants, followed by animals such as tube worms, tunicates and bivalves. Together they fill more than 60 percent of the cavities. Further the cavities were found to have a surface area eight times greater than that of the coral reef, as seen from above by divers. Filterers And according ...

Nanotubes inspire new technique for healing broken bones

...ond, where the atoms are arranged like a rolled-up tube of chicken wire. They are among the strongest known materials in the world. Bone tissue is a natural composite of collagen fibers and hydroxyapatite crystals. Haddon and his coworkers have demonstrated for the first time that nanotubes can mimic the...

UCSD discovery may provide novel method to generate medically useful proteins

...s extremely rare, recreating the process in a test tube could give researchers a new way to generate thera...dies, the researchers say replicating it in a test tube would be very challenging because the loops would have the tendency to fold incorrectly. "Because...

'Gadonanotubes' greatly outperform existing MRI contrast agents

...y, but the metal atoms are encased inside a hollow tube of pure carbon called a nanotube. Shrouding the toxic metals inside the benign carbon is expected to significantly reduce or eliminate the metal's toxicity. The research was published this month in the journal Chemical Communications. "In prior wor...

Gaining ground in the race against antibiotic resistance

...ns of antibiotics, it took only a few days of test tube evolution to increase drug resistance. Eventually, they found four mutations in the evolved enzyme that allowed the bacteria to survive on a drug dose 64 times higher than the dose that kills bacteria hosting the un-evolved enzyme. "We were mimickin...

'Underground' tunnels discovered as means for communication between immune system cells

...y tunnels that, like a building's hidden pneumatic tube system, are used to shoot signals to distant cells. This surprising discovery, being reported by two University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine researchers in the September issue of the journal Immunity, may explain how an immune response can be so ...

Researchers create infectious hepatitis C virus in a test tube

... "This system lays the foundation for future test tube studies of the virus life cycle and may help in the development of new drugs for combating HCV," adds Rice, who is the scientific director of the Center for the Study of Hepatitis C, a collaborative research and clinical effort of Rockefeller, Weill ...

Nose odors and mouth odors: The brain distinguishes

...l tubes into the noses of volunteers such that one tube ended at the nostrils and the other ended farther ...would originate. As they introduced odors into one tube or the other, they scanned the subject's brains using functional magnetic resonance imaging, a techn...

Neurologix announces positive results of gene therapy clinical trial in Parkinson's disease

...eath through which a hair-thin (165 micron) hollow tube was inserted. Thirty-five microliters containing 3.5, 10 or 35 billion particles (depending upon dose cohort) of the AAV (adeno-associated virus) viral vector with a human GAD gene (cDNA) were then infused at 0.5 microliters/minute, together with 1...

New technique rapidly detects illness-causing bacteria

...oli (E. coli ). The new biosensor works in a test tube and a positive result shows up as a red line on a ...ing bacteria, a sample of rRNA is placed in a test tube with two of the manufactured probe DNA sequences, designed specifically to bind to the rRNA of S. py...

Secrets to antibody's success against West Nile Virus surprise scientists

...ADE) of infection, which has been observed in test tube studies of dengue virus and may be important to the onset of dengue hemorrhagic fever. This theory suggests that dengue and other viruses may have developed tricks that let them reproduce inside macrophages, the immune cells that normally consume ...

New Discovery May Help Doctors Treat Infertility

...ed in the June issue of Endocrinology, used a test tube or in vitro approach, to elucidate the role that estrogen receptors play in ovulation. “The combination of the two different methods, the in vivo and in vitro studies, complement each other nicely and provide more precise answers to the role that the...

Pinpointing a culprit molecule in Alzheimer's disease

... mutations. The researchers pointed out that test tube studies have shown that Ab42 aggregates more readily. "Thus, the simplest explanation for the complete lack of pathology in the [Ab40] mice would be the relative inability of Ab40 to initiate nucleation events capable of promoting amyloid deposition,...

It's electric: Cows show promise as powerplants

...he fluid through a cannula, a surgically implanted tube that leads directly from the cow's hide into its rumen. The cow used in the study ate a normal diet. The researchers filled each of two sterilized glass chambers with strained rumen fluid to create the microbial fuel cell. Each chamber was about a f...

By creating molecular bridge, scientists change function of a protein

... evolution that mimics natural evolution in a test tube but may require the screening of an astronomical number of mutants for the creation of new protein functions. "We now provide one possible solution to a long-lasting barrier that is important in the protein engineering area -- that is the creation o...

The making and breaking of microtubules

...with the protofilaments tightly wrapped around the tube axis. These tubes are double-layered, a property that contributes to their stability -- but it also put the brakes on the project for a long time. "The key was to get the tubulin assemblies locked at the correct states suitable for structural analys...

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