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Tag: "triggers" at biology news

Grabbing addiction by the tail

... motivation ?mis-communicate. Normally, one neuron triggers activity in a neighbor by using neurotransmitters such as glutamate. "This is the 'go' signal," said Wang. "The receiving cell uses glutamate receptors on its surface to listen to the signal. But after repeated abuse of a drug, cells in the nucleus...

An essential regulator of body weight revealed

... found that one of the proteins they produce, NPY, triggers voracious eating behavior when injected into the brains of rats. High levels of NPY in the brain of both hungry and obese mice provided further evidence that NPY was likely to stimulate feeding. Ten years ago, Palmiter's lab created mice that lacke...

Bacteria in Household Dust May Trigger Asthma Symptoms

... household endotoxin on human health. Knowing what triggers asthma, whether it is endotoxins or something else, may help a physician better prevent or treat symptoms. “This study implies that it is not just the concentration of the endotoxin that matters,?added Dr. Schwartz, Director of NIEHS. “Understanding...

Biologists Crack Genetic Code for Specialized Spider Silk

...that involve maturation of B cells. Normally, TACI triggers B cells to switch from making immunoglobulin M (IgM), an antibody produced early in the immune response, to making other antibodies such as IgA and IgG. More important, TACI signals B cells to produce antibodies against specific invading bacteria and...

Agreement will speed research on microbicides for women

...that involve maturation of B cells. Normally, TACI triggers B cells to switch from making immunoglobulin M (IgM), an antibody produced early in the immune response, to making other antibodies such as IgA and IgG. More important, TACI signals B cells to produce antibodies against specific invading bacteria and...

Defective Gene Linked to Two Inherited Immune Deficiencies

...that involve maturation of B cells. Normally, TACI triggers B cells to switch from making immunoglobulin M (IgM), an antibody produced early in the immune response, to making other antibodies such as IgA and IgG. More important, TACI signals B cells to produce antibodies against specific invading bacteria and...

Firefly protein lets researchers monitor molecule linked to cancer

...F-KappaB pathway. When the pathway is enabled, IKK triggers reactions that lead to the degradation of IKB. In cells with genetically altered IKB, the attached luciferase is broken down too, meaning scientists can detect increased IKK activity via decreased light from the cells. "This is like doing in-vivo ph...

Scientists use gene transfer technology and common virus to block neuropathic pain

...ves to nerve terminals in the spinal cord where it triggers production of a powerful neurotransmitter called G...ns in the nucleus expressing the GAD enzyme, which triggers nerve terminals in the spinal cord to release GABA," Fink adds. "As long as the GAD gene remains act...

miRNAs and musculature

... when larval growth is initiated by feeding, which triggers paralysis and eventually death of Dmir-1 KO larvae. Analysis of the mutant larvae after feeding reveals disrupted somatic musculature, strongly suggesting a role for Dmir-1 in the maintenance of muscle integrity and identity in times of stress ind...

Scientists use gene transfer technology and common virus to block neuropathic pain in animals

...ves to nerve terminals in the spinal cord where it triggers production of a powerful neurotransmitter called G...ns in the nucleus expressing the GAD enzyme, which triggers nerve terminals in the spinal cord to release GABA,?Fink adds. “As long as the GAD gene remains acti...

Protein amplification in melanoma is possible drug target

...as antibodies, to fight infections. Normally, TACI triggers B cells to switch from making immunoglobulin M (IgM), an antibody produced early in the body's immune response, to making other immunoglobulins like IgA and IgG. More important, TACI signals B cells to produce antibodies with a high affinity for spec...

Gene for immune deficiency syndromes found

...as antibodies, to fight infections. Normally, TACI triggers B cells to switch from making immunoglobulin M (IgM), an antibody produced early in the body's immune response, to making other immunoglobulins like IgA and IgG. More important, TACI signals B cells to produce antibodies with a high affinity for spec...

UCSD study clarifies insulin's role in blocking release of energy in patients with type II diabetes

...e used later. When energy is needed, catecholamine triggers activation of PKA, and energy is released. But in ... II diabetes –the normal catecholamine signal that triggers fat breakdown and energy release can be drowned out. This can lead to excessive energy storage in th...

One bacteria stops another on contact

...isease seems to go away for awhile, then something triggers recurrence of the disease. Work by Scott Hultrgen at Washington University has indicated that E. coli cells may hide in the walls of the bladder and urinary tract in a dormant state, explained Low. It is possible that the newly discovered CDI syste...

A vaccine to kill tapeworm

... two proteins found on the oncosphere. The vaccine triggers the production of antibodies by the immune system that cause oncospheres to burst. Small-scale trials, in which eggs isolated from adult tapeworms were fed to up to 30 pigs, have already been conducted in Mexico, Peru, Cameroon and Honduras. The vac...

Hormones and growth: The control of body size and developmental growth rate in fruit flies

...om an endocrine organ called the prothoracic gland triggers larval molting and, ultimately, metamorphosis. Thus, researchers have speculated that the timing of ecdysone release is critical in determining both the final body size and developmental rate of an insect. In their new work, Philip Caldwell, Magdale...

Hopkins scientists uncover 'tags' that force proteins to cell surface

...n" sites for drugs and other molecules, as well as triggers of immune reactions, the findings, described in the Sept. 11 advance online publications of Nature Cell Biology, might revolutionize efforts in drug and vaccine development, says the Hopkins team. "A typical step in drug development is to get cells ...

Discovery of T-cell 'traffic control' boosts new drug promise

...ch as insulin-producing Beta cells, into a patient triggers immune reactions that reject the transplant, but a drug such as FTY720 controls S1P function and slows the rush of T cells to the transplantation site without blocking normal immune response against bacteria and other infectious agents," he says. Sim...

Nose odors and mouth odors: The brain distinguishes

...at sensing an odor "orthonasally" through the nose triggers the perception that it is coming from the outside world, while sensing it through the mouth--or "retronasally"--causes the perception that it arises from the mouth. "The illusion that retronasally perceived odors are localized to the mouth is so pow...

Chemical 'band-aid' prevents heart failure in mice with muscular dystrophy

...et inside the cell. When calcium floods a cell, it triggers a hyper-contraction, which causes the cell to roll into a little ball and die." To test for the presence of tears in myocyte membranes, U-M researchers used a special fluorescent dye, which cannot penetrate an intact cell membrane. After a 20 percen...

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