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Tag: "triggers" at biology news

A new tool against brain disease

... protein on a virus or other infectious agent that triggers an immune reaction. Walker said one of the team's key findings emerged from their test tube studies showing that blocking the PD-1 pathway could restore the function of exhausted killer T cells. "We wanted to determine whether these T cells had...

How HIV 'exhausts' killer T cells

... protein on a virus or other infectious agent that triggers an immune reaction. Walker said one of the team's key findings emerged from their test tube studies showing that blocking the PD-1 pathway could restore the function of exhausted killer T cells. "We wanted to determine whether these T cells had...

Adult stem cells are touchy-feely, need environmental clues

...e the stem cell needs to move its cellular muscles triggers an internal chemical signal that, in turn, directs the cell to differentiate. "The cytoskeleton uses motors that, like our muscles, are based on the mechanical tension created by molecules of actin and myosin," Engler said. "When we deprive these ...

Super-sized cassava plants may help fight hunger in Africa

... processed cassava plants contain a substance that triggers the production of cyanide. In previous work, Sayre helped create cassava that produced little to no cyanide once it is harvested. He is also the principal investigator of an ongoing project focused on improving the nutritional content of cassava. I...

New lab technique churns out fungus' potential cancer fighter

...n. "But we need to figure out how it works, how it triggers the cancer cell to shut itself down. The key is to find exactly what buttons rasfonin is pushing, and then figure out if there's a way we can safely and more simply push those same buttons. But we couldn't do that until we have enough to test." Even...

New lab technique churns out fungus' potential cancer fighter

...n. "But we need to figure out how it works, how it triggers the cancer cell to shut itself down. The key is to find exactly what buttons rasfonin is pushing, and then figure out if there's a way we can safely and more simply push those same buttons. But we couldn't do that until we have enough to test." Even...

Malaria, potato famine pathogen share surprising trait

...aria, and Phytophthora infestans, the microbe that triggers late potato blight in vegetables including potatoes, soybeans and tomatoes. "It sounds crazy, but it's not totally ridiculous to consider such a drug," said Kamoun, who is an expert on the Phytophthora group of pathogens. He conducted the study with...

Iron critical to ocean productivity, carbon uptake

...pond a bit more. Then you add a third shot, and it triggers some more modest growth. But at the same time you're promoting phytoplankton growth, the grazers that feed on them come to life because they suddenly have a more abundant food supply. "So the plankton can disappear as fast as you've made them grow."...

Gene discovery may shed light on kidney disease

...s for the ligand Jagged1, a signaling protein that triggers receptors in the pathway. The NOTCH2 gene codes for Notch2, which is one of those receptors. The pathway as a whole is active during embryonic development, and transmits signals to cells to develop into specialized organs. Mutations in those genes ar...

One big biology question solved

...er of practical applications." Knowledge of what triggers and suppresses meiosis may allow researchers to improve fertility, for example in the case of an infertile couple wanting a baby, or suppress it, in the case of pest management. Professor Koopman also suggested that an inappropriate retinoid signal...

Gene thwarts some pathogens, gives access to others, could save crops

...ene that helps plants recognize pathogens and also triggers a defense against disease. The gene and its defense mechanisms are similar to an immunity pathway found in people and in the laboratory research insect, the fruit fly. As Botrytis cinerea, a pathogen that makes strawberries gray and fuzzy, tries to ...

Uncovering sex-change secrets of black sea bass

... with Nardi and GreatBay Aquaculture to study what triggers sex reversal in black sea bass ?and how to prevent it. Berlinsky and his colleagues have discovered that fish are more likely to become males if raised at constant temperatures. But temperature is hardly the only factor involved. Sex ratios and densi...

For the first time: Longevity modulated without disrupting life-sustaining function

... the nucleus, DAF-16 crosses into the nucleus, and triggers all the necessary genes to help the body take care...sful situation. But food shortages aren't the only triggers for the stress program. Others are the heat that scrambles proteins into toxic clumps and marauding ...

Rewind, please: Nature paper shows that cell division is reversible

...ell division cycle. Now we will begin to study the triggers that set these events in motion." The findings may prove important to controlling the development and metastasis of certain cancers. It also holds promise for the prevention and treatment of birth defects and a wide variety of other conditions. "Dr...

Retinol for combating leukemia cells

... retinamide. But what is the mechanism that really triggers this death? To explain the process, the researchers analysed the action mechanism of the retinamide at a molecular level. From the analyses it was observed that the retinamide accelerated the oxidative stress within the malign cells and that this st...

How sperm crack the whip

...aline environment of the female reproductive tract triggers its tail's whiplike motion, called hyperactivation...currents inside sperm and also tracing how calcium triggers hyperactivation once it enters the cell. Such studies will enable exploration of sperm machinery fro...

Losing sleep undoes the rejuvenating effects new learning has on the brain

...venates the brain." Knowing that spatial learning triggers production of new brain cells in the hippocampus, Hairston and her team wanted to find out whether restricting sleep during a spatial learning task would affect new cell production in the hippocampus. The experiment: swimming to the exit platform ...

Lizard 'third eye' sheds light on evolution of color vision

...zard's third eye sees blue light, the blue pigment triggers a molecule called gustducin, which is very similar...rd's third eye sees green light, the green pigment triggers a different molecule called Go, known as "G-other," which also signals light responses in the light-...

Research details how a virus hijacks cell signals to cause infection

...fter attaching itself to a DAF receptor, the virus triggers two signals that open the door to infection. One signal causes the virus to move into the tight junction, where it can reach the CAR. A second signal leads the virus to move deeper into cells where it can release its nucleic acid payload and complete...

Basic research leads to a novel cancer therapy

...e vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which triggers blood vessel development. Ullrich found some of the most important evidence in research on animals, conducted with colleagues Birgit Millauer and the late Werner Risau, formerly of the Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology. There is a receptor specif...

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