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Tag: "triggered" at biology news

Researchers appeal for new regulations to save coral reefs from live fish trade

...ay of threats including pollution, coral bleaching triggered by rising sea temperatures and over-fishing. In particular, the health of the reefs is being compromised by the live reef fish trade, a serious threat that has prompted scientists to call for tighter regulations on the exploitation of reef resourc...

New strategy developed to combat West Nile Virus

The spread of West Nile Virus appears to be triggered by a complex interaction of mosquitoes, nesting birds and specific weather patterns, scientists say, which leads to "amplification" of the virus within mosquito populations. Researchers from Oregon State University and the University of Florida have...

St. Jude test of bird flu vaccine proves successful

... and therefore, are slow to avoid immune responses triggered by the vaccine; and H5, a "variable" protein on the surface of the bird and human flu viruses that is critical to their ability to infect cells. This variable protein is known to mutate readily, thereby foiling previous immune responses it triggered-...

Analysis of breast-cancer gene role offers promising target

...oauthor of the study, said the biochemical process triggered by uPAR, called the urokinase plasminogen activator system, is one of the breast-cancer prognostic factors that has the greatest level of evidence. "All the work has been on the protein and enzymatic activity and not amplification of the gene, whi...

Tastes great! Study shows brain's response to pleasing -- and changing -- tastes

...sure itself, rather than the behaviors and actions triggered by it. Aldridge collaborated on the study with former U-M Psychology graduate student Amy Tindell, Ph.D., and with Kent Berridge, Ph.D., a professor in the Department of Psychology in the College of Literature, Science, and the Arts. "This find...

MIT nanoparticles may help detect, treat tumors

.... Once inside the tumor, the nanoparticles can be triggered to group together by a mechanism designed by the MIT engineers. Specifically, certain enzymes, or proteases, inside the tumors cause the nanoparticles to "self-assemble" or stick together. The resulting nanoparticle clumps are too big to get back out...

Cell death following blood 'reflow' injury tracked to natural toxin

...the Hopkins team found that the sudden oxygen bath triggered by restored blood flow causes cells to make a chemical so toxic it kills the cells. The work was published in two papers in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences last week. Although not sure why it happens, the Hopkins scientists beli...

When nerve cells can't make contact

...ad to a complete loss of function in the genes and triggered autism in affected patients. Bourgeron' TM s work sent a shock wave through neuro-scientific institutes worldwide, as the a NLGN genes were not unknown. They are responsible for the creation of two proteins, neuroligin-3 and neuroligin-4, which are c...

Honey bee genome holds clues to social behavior

...and become foragers. The job transition, whether triggered by age or social cues, involves changes in thousands of genes in the honey bee brain; some genes turn on, while others turn off. Genes are switched on and off by short strings of DNA that lie close to the gene. The strings serve as binding sites fo...

New neurons could act to alleviate epilepsy

...eurons generated after an epileptic event has been triggered in the animals. In their experiments, the researchers compared the properties of new neurons generated in rats allowed to exercise by running on a wheel with those in rats in which epileptic seizures were induced by electrical brain stimulation. S...

Researchers use multiphoton microscopy to watch chromosomes in action

...B. Eckert Professor in Engineering. The process is triggered by a molecule called heat shock factor (HSF), which interacts with genes to cue the synthesis of new proteins. But this well-known process had never been seen in living cells. Yao used multiphoton microscopy (MPM) to image living salivary gland tiss...

Buildup of damaged DNA in cells drives aging

...rly suppressed. In other words, DNA damage somehow triggered hormonal changes that halted growth, while also boosting maintenance and repair. Because growth hormone levels go down as we get older, contributing to loss of muscle mass and bone density, the investigators systematically compared the gene expres...

Reading Shakespeare has dramatic effect on human brain

...effect which continues to last after the word that triggered it was first read." Researchers also found that when participants read the word producing the functional shift there was no N400 effect indicating that the meaning was accepted but a P600 effect was observed which indicates a positive re-evaluati...

Autoimmune disease triggered if T cells miss a single protein early on

...cientists have discovered that autoimmunity can be triggered in the thymus, where the immune system's T cells develop, if T cells fail to recognize just one of the body's thousands of proteins as "self." The research confirms an emerging view that autoimmunity can start in this cradle of the immune system, an...

Proteins anchor memories in our brain

...cientists have discovered that autoimmunity can be triggered in the thymus, where the immune system's T cells develop, if T cells fail to recognize just one of the body's thousands of proteins as "self." The research confirms an emerging view that autoimmunity can start in this cradle of the immune system, an...

Dragonfly's metabolic disease provides clues about human obesity

...ith a chronic inflammatory response, thought to be triggered by an accumulation of fat. __IMAGE_2 In Marden and Schilder's dragonflies, the reverse happens. Parasitic infection triggers an inflammatory response and immediate changes in metabolism. Unable to metabolize fat, the dragonflies accumulate fa...

Fish species plays surprise role in aiding coral reef recovery

...peatedly demonstrated that this phase shift can be triggered by a loss of algae-consuming herbivores, especiall...ef, the researchers in the new study intentionally triggered a phase shift to algal dominance on a healthy reef. They then filmed the reef’s recovery with remote...

Slow brain waves play key role in coordinating complex activity

...ated by coordinated firing of neurons in the brain triggered by waves of excitability that wash over an area. Waves of excitability in the theta range of oscillations lower the threshold for neuron firing, making it more likely that input arriving at the critical time will make neurons in that area of the brai...

First biomarker for human sleepiness identified in fruit flies

...amylase activity level we were seeing weren't just triggered by wakefulness," Shaw says. Humans kept awake for 28 hours also had increased amylase levels versus controls allowed to sleep normally. Shaw's lab previously showed that they can use caffeine and methamphetamine to keep flies awake. Caffeine in...

Key gene controlling kidney development found

...senchymal blastemal cells, are the source of cells triggered by chemical signals to differentiate into nephrons...ressing a cascade of genetic interactions normally triggered by a gene called Wnt4, which usually drives the normal development of kidneys. ...

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