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Tag: "triggered" at biology news

Brain activity related to processing faces is similar in people with, without autism

...de-sensitizing autistic individuals to the anxiety triggered by looking at faces may help to improve the quality of social interactions, at least from the perspective of caregivers and others involved with them. "The idea is that maybe behavioral methods can help a child with autism approach facial stimuli wit...

Phenotype is influenced by nature, nurture and noise

..., or human." Changes in a cell's phenotype may be triggered by environmental factors, by programmed genetic instructions, or more subtly by built-in delays in biochemical pathways that generate oscillations, sometimes in 24-hour circadian periods. Hasty, graduate students Dmitri Bratsun and Dmitri Volfson, an...

Fossil find: 'Godzilla' crocodile had head of a dinosaur, fins like a fish

...cean . The researchers don't yet know what events triggered the relatively sudden emergence of the large crocodile, but the size and shape of the teeth indicate that it probably fed on other marine reptiles and large sea creatures in the bay instead of small fish. ...

Cancer support cells may evolve, fuel tumor growth, study shows

... First, they found that this accelerated division triggered a signal to fibroblasts, connective cells in the surrounding supporting tissue, to grow and proliferate. The signal then induced a tumor suppressor, p53, within the fibroblasts, which stopped this action. Thus, a change made only in epithelial cells...

Olfactory system detects pheromones that control reproduction

...e pseudorabies virus to replicate only when it was triggered by a specific genetic signal. The researchers also created a transgenic mouse in which neurons expressing LHRH provided that signal, making the viral tracer highly specific. "So, whenever we saw a signal from the conditional virus, we knew we were s...

The brain is broadly wired for reproduction

...tion and brain areas that carry the neural signals triggered by odorant molecules and those triggered by pheromones, chemical signals produced by animals. The researchers characterize their findings as ...

Worms know bad food when they smell it

...icits an instant wave of nausea." That aversion is triggered by signals that the olfactory system sends to the brain. Similar forms of learning have been observed in a broad range of animals, including invertebrates such as snails and fish. "We don't know if they feel nauseous," Bargmann said, "but we do know ...

Common viruses may cause cancer

... According to a recent study, however, cell fusion triggered by viruses is a possible contributing factor in the development of human cancer. The study also raises concerns about the use fusogenic viruses as vectors for human gene therapy or in other clinical applications owing to the possibility that such vir...

Mouse study: New muscle-building agent beats all previous ones

... mice, just two weekly injections of the new agent triggered a 60 percent increase in muscle size, the researchers report in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, published online Dec. 5 and available publicly through the journal's website. The researchers' original mighty mice, created by kno...

Scientist measures role of science's coolest player: The snow

...of construction. Already, permafrost changes have triggered structural problems in Alaskan buildings and roadways, says Vavrus, and "there's every reason to think we'll see even stronger effects in the future," he adds. In forthcoming simulations, Vavrus plans to continue exploring the effects of both nearby...

Feeling old?

... slows down and synthesis doubles. This process is triggered by the arrival of a plentiful supply of amino acids. In older animals this stimulus is less effective; synthesis slows down, and previous work also suggests that breakdown may be affected. While adding leucine to the diet restores protein building th...

Contagious obesity? Identifying the human adenoviruses that may make us fat

...e virus creates a tendency to obesity that must be triggered by overeating, she said. Mass screening for these viruses is impractical right now because there is no simple blood test available that would quickly identify exposure to a suspect virus, Whigham et al. said. More work is needed to develop such a t...

Animal models show that anabolic steroids flip the adolescent brain's switch for aggression

...e neuroscientists conclude that the aggressiveness triggered by anabolic steroids, although reversible, may last long enough to create serious behavioral problems for adults. Because this part of the rodent and human nervous systems are similar, researchers generalize their findings to humans. As a result, M...

Researchers reverse juvenile diabetes in animal model

...abetes susceptibility may be genetic in nature and triggered by viruses, Dr. Trucco's discoveries have continue to lead to better processes for molecular typing for matching bone marrow donors and recipients, the ability to identify those at risk for diabetes, an understanding of the link between a common viru...

Birds that make teeth

... teeth still resides in normal chickens and can be triggered experimentally by molecular signals. Taken together, the new findings indicate that even though modern birds lost teeth millions of years ago, the potential to form them persists. ...

UCLA scientists find male gene in brain area targeted by Parkinson's

...ficient dopamine," Vilain said. "Low levels of SRY triggered Parkinson's symptoms in the male rats, cutting their physical agility by half in a week. "Initially, the rat could walk 14 steps in 10 seconds," he noted. "After we lowered the SRY levels in its brain, the rat could only manage seven steps in the sa...

Boosting newborns' immune responses

...l Wessels, MD, showed that one TLR, known as TLR8, triggered a robust immune response in a group of white blood cells (called antigen-presenting cells) that is crucial for vaccine responses. When TLR8 was stimulated by various agents that mimic viral antigens, the cells produced normal, adult levels of two key...

New compound protects against liver cancer

...ld provide protection against a number of diseases triggered by environmental agents," said Thomas Kensler, PhD, a professor with the Bloomberg School's Department of Environmental Health Sciences and lead author of the study. In their research, Kensler and his colleagues treated laboratory rats with varying ...

Genomics-based vaccine could prevent deadly cattle disease

...ate vaccine antigens. In lab tests, these antigens triggered a response from cattle immune killer T cells. Going a further step further, the scientists inoculated cattle with these antigens and then gave the cattle a potentially lethal dose of T. parva . When compared with control animals, vaccinated cattle s...

Scientists discover a genetic switch that links animal growth and cancer

...te, neither growing nor multiplying until they are triggered to do so by an environmental cue, such as a hormone or injury. Cells possess braking mechanisms that keep them in this quiescent state. When the brakes fail, cells that should be static start growing and dividing, leading to cancer. These brakes are ...

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