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Tag: "triggered" at biology news

Mechanism for the captation of nutrients in plants- unknown to date

...s glucose or fructose, the fact that none of these triggered the process could be confirmed. Moreover, given that endocitosis is involved in the acquisition of substances for their subsequent conversion into "end products" (such as starch, oils, celluloses, etc.), basic knowledge of this mechanism provides gr...

New insights into how Huntington's disease attacks the brain

...The scientists reasoned that if the mutant protein triggered the disease only from within the target cells, the second set of mice would display significant signs of the disorder. If HD required toxic interactions among cells throughout the brain, however, these same mice would show little or no signs of the d...

Fluorescing lab worms signal longer life spans

... elegans, the study indicated the brightness level triggered by the reporter protein could predict up to a four-fold variation in the life expectancy of a worm. In a typical experiment, the brightest worms had life expectancies of about 16 days, compared to about three days for those with the lowest expressed ...

Attacks of King George III's madness linked to key metabolism molecule

...w porphyria symptoms can occur in episodic attacks triggered by fasting, and why they can be treated by feeding carbohydrates and glucose," says Spiegelman. King George III suffered from five prolonged, severe episodes of madness during his rule from 1760 to 1820, a period in which he both expanded the Brit...

Most common lung cancers may begin in newly discovered cells

...tant mouse lung cells, the activated oncogene only triggered growth of the BASCs, not of the more specialized alveolar cells. "The stem cells may retain mutations from the same damage that kills the more specialized cells," Bender Kim speculates. "If the DNA is not repaired properly, and if the mutation happe...

Taking a flying jump

... of Technology, who will be presenting her work on triggered escape response at the Society for Experimental Biology Annual Main Meeting in Barcelona, on Wednesday 13th July [session A7.15]. To investigate responses in Drosophila melanogaster, she performed experiments dropping black discs from different angl...

Study charts origins of fear

... effect in the cell - which are normally quiet but triggered when the brain receives a shock. Over time, the receptors leave their imprint on brain cells. By delivering shocks to mice, the researchers activated the NMDA receptors and traced a subunit of the molecule - a protein called NR2B - long believed to...

Israeli scientists successfully transplant frozen-thawed ovaries in sheep

...in sheep, retrieved oocytes from these ovaries and triggered them in the laboratory into early embryonic development. Follow-up tests showed that the ovaries in the two sheep from which oocytes were recovered were still functioning normally three years later. Lead author Dr Amir Arav, senior scientist at th...

UCLA scientists reveal how Nipah virus infects cells

...mic proportions." Since 1998, the Nipah virus has triggered disease outbreaks in Australia, Singapore, Malaysia and Bangladesh. Animals spread the virus to people, where it causes life-threatening respiratory and neurological diseases that kill up to 70 percent of patients ?a danger level equivalent to the Eb...

North & South American researchers find architectural abnormalities in T. cruzi ribosome

...the heart damage associated with Chagas disease is triggered by antibodies formed by an infected individual's immune system in response to a unique ribosomal protein from the parasite. Chagas disease exists only on the American continent, according to the World Health Organization. It is caused by a parasite ...

New study finds how cells with damaged DNA alert the immune system

...und that cells in which the DNA damage pathway was triggered were the ones that exhibited an increase in the expression of special proteins on the cell surface. These "ligands" on the membrane are specific to the NKG2D receptor on natural killer cells and are used to flag damaged cells for destruction. There a...

Renewed hope for Parkinson's patients

...und that cells in which the DNA damage pathway was triggered were the ones that exhibited an increase in the expression of special proteins on the cell surface. These "ligands" on the membrane are specific to the NKG2D receptor on natural killer cells and are used to flag damaged cells for destruction. There a...

Complex gene interactions account for autism risk

... switches nestled in nerve cell membranes that are triggered by GABA to cause such inhibition. Importantly, the study found that the GABA brain system most likely exerts its influence via complex gene-gene interactions. The current findings, and others that might result from the team's new approach, may ulti...

An essential regulator of body weight revealed

...designed to tease out exactly how NPY/AgRP neurons triggered feeding had failed to do show any direct relationship between eating behavior and the molecules scientists thought NPY/AgRP neurons might use to regulate it. "So I think it's fair to say the POMC neurons gained in stature during the last 10 years a...

Researchers find gland that tells fruit flies when to stop growing

...nlarging the gland by increasing insulin signaling triggered metamorphosis at smaller sizes than usual. Suppressing the gland's growth by decreasing insulin signaling allowed larvae to grow larger than usual before entering the pupal stage that precedes adulthood. Mirth and her colleagues, UW biology professo...

Regenerating worms help elucidate stem cell biology

...ls were still able to detect the wound. Amputation triggered the stem cells to divide, as in normal worms, and the daughter cells traveled proficiently to the part of the body where they were needed. However, once they arrived, they failed to replace the lost tissue. When neoblasts divide, they produce at le...

Molecular cabal contributes to stroke damage

... called an NMDA receptor (NMDAR). This receptor is triggered by glutamate, which is known to be released during...cts. Their analyses revealed that such deprivation triggered NMDARs, which in turn activated an important cell switch called CaMKII. This enzyme, they found, act...

Computer models aid understanding of antibody-dependent enhancement in spread of dengue fever

...concluded that when antibody-dependent enhancement triggered small increases in transmission it gave viruses an edge over other co-circulating dengue viruses that did not experience enhancement. Counter-intuitively, larger increases in transmission resulted in more extinctions of the enhanced virus. "Dengue d...

Machinery of the 'marijuana munchies'

...ssing hormone leptin. The CB1 receptor is normally triggered by natural regulatory molecules, called endocannabinoids. In their studies, the researchers concentrated on the lateral hypothalamus (LH) of the brain, known to be a center of control of food intake. Their studies involved detailed electrophysiologi...

New study examines how sense of smell affects mating and aggression in mice

...udy focused on the sexual and aggressive behaviors triggered by the rodent's olfactory system. The findings are published in the December issue of Nature Neuroscience. According to Shah, researchers traditionally have thought rodents detect pheromones through a specialized organ--the vomeronasal organ (VNO...

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