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Tag: "trees" at biology news

Biofuels can replace about 30 percent of fuel needs with significant research and policy effort

...uch as corn stovers and wheat stalks, fast-growing trees such as poplar and willow and several perennial en...e development of rapid-growth, high-energy content trees and perennials, novel environmentally friendly biomass extraction technologies, innovative catalysts...

Virginia Bioinformatics Institutes launches microbial database

...t has attacked and killed tens of thousands of oak trees in California and Oregon; P. sojae, the sister pathogen of P. ramorum, causes serious damage to soybean crops. Tyler and collaborators, in conjunction with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Joint Genome Institute (JGI), successfully completed the g...

Higher carbon dioxide, lack of nitrogen limit plant growth

...those of other studies of nitrogen's importance to trees and agricultural crops. In the future, the effects of rising carbon dioxide on plants may become common throughout the world." The Minn. study, with its range of species, provides a broad test of carbon dioxide and nitrogen interactions, said Reich....

Medieval diaries aid scientists ascertain increase in hot spots due to global warming

...thern Hemisphere especially: Long life evergreen trees growing in Scandinavia, Siberia and the Rockies, which had been cored to reveal the patterns of wide and narrow tree rings over time - wider rings relating to warmer temperatures. Ice from cores drilled in the Greenland ice sheets revealed which yea...

New analysis shows three human migrations out of Africa

...ore robust analysis of recently derived human gene trees by Alan R. Templeton, Ph.D, of Washington Universi...n 2002, Templeton analyzed ten different haplotype trees and performed phylogeographic analyses that reconstructed the history of the species through space ...

Deep-rooted plants have much greater impact on climate than experts thought

... The new study in the Amazonian forest shows that trees use water in a much more complex way: The tap root...spiration cools us off, increased transpiration by trees in June and July explains the drop in temperature in the Amazon." This effect changes the way the a...

Amazon rainforest greens up in the dry season

...nmental science. Huete suggests the deep roots of trees in the undisturbed forest can reach water even in the dry season, allowing the trees to flourish during the sunnier, drier part of the year. In contrast, plants in areas that have been ...

Diverse tropical forests defy metabolic ecology models

...pered with orchids, ferns and bromeliads. Tropical trees depend on animals for pollination and seed dispers...ribution always deviated by having far fewer large trees than the -2 slope predicts." Shedding light on the process The CTFS team did not stop at merely de...

Invasive species harms native hardwoods by killing soil fungus

....S. harms native maples, ashes, and other hardwood trees by releasing chemicals harmful to a soil fungus the trees depend on for growth and survival, scientists report this week in the Public Library of Science. The...

York researchers develop pollution-busting plants to clean up contaminated land

...iology, uses micro-organisms found in soil to turn trees and plants into highly-effective pollution-busters. The research findings are published in Nature Biotechnology, Decades of military activity have resulted in pollution of land and groundwater by explosives resistant to biological degradation. Larg...

Underdogs in the understory: Study suggests nature favors rarer trees

... the same pattern of increasing local diversity as trees age. The authors say rare trees may have an advantage because they are less vulnerable to animals, fungi, and microorganisms that pr...

Drunken elephants: The marula fruit myth

...trated fondness for marula fruit, gathering around trees when the fruit is in season. Fallen marula fruit may naturally ferment to an ethanol content of approximately 3 percent after three or four days. However, elephants have shown a clear preference for marula fruit still on the tree. Disregarding a la...

Amazon trees much older than assumed, raising questions on global climate impact of region

...ine's Susan Trumbore, found that up to half of all trees greater than 10 centimeters in diameter are more t...system science. "No one had thought these tropical trees could be so old, or that they grow so slowly." And for Trumbore, who studies how forests and the at...

Scientists narrow the time limits for the human and chimpanzee split

...hat proportional differences on branches in family trees should be considered when proposing new times. For example, we now know that a 10-to-12-million-year human-chimp split would infer a divergence of Old World monkeys from our lineage that is too old (50-to-60-million years ago) to reconcile with the ...

Same-sex mating by fungi spawned infection outbreak, evidence suggests

...and led to four deaths. The fungus, which lives in trees and soil, has also infected a variety of domestic and marine animals, including dogs, cats, llamas and porpoises. C. gattii is closely related to the more widespread infectious yeast, Cryptococcus neoformans. The potentially life-threatening C. neof...

Underlying cause of massive pinyon pine die-off revealed

...eam found that from 40 to 80 percent of the pinyon trees ( Pinus edulis ) died between 2002 and 2003. The r...oupled with particularly high temperatures set the trees up to be susceptible to insect infestations. Bark beetles delivered the knock-out punch. "It was th...

Storing carbon to combat global warming may cause other environmental problems, study suggests

...rial Research. "I think carbon sequestration with trees will work, at least for a few decades," said Rober... "The question isn't just 'Can we store carbon in trees and how much do we gain from that?' The question is also 'What are the other gains and losses for th...

Why Christmas trees are not extinct

Conifers such as Christmas trees suffer a severe plumbing problem. The "pipes" that...serious disadvantage in competition with flowering trees in temperate forests," says Sperry. The study was part of a University of Utah doctoral thesis by J...

Lethal needle blight epidemic may be related to climate change

...used by the fungus Dothistroma septosporum, causes trees to lose their needles and, in the case of the British Columbia outbreak, eventually die. D. septosporum has long been recognized as a pathogen of pines, but although it is considered a serious disease of exotic plantations in the Southern Hemisphere,...

Wright bros. upstaged! Dinos invented biplanes

...old controversy over whether avian flight began in trees (trees-down theory) or on the ground (ground-up theory). These fossils show various transitional stages?from wingless, tree-dwelling theropod dinosaurs to fully winged, active flyers, Chatterjee said. The central theme of the trees-down theory is t...

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