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Tag: "transmitted" at biology news

Mosquito study shows new, faster way West Nile can spread

...lood) has been observed in cases involving viruses transmitted by ticks, it has never before been documented in a...es. To determine whether West Nile virus could be transmitted non-viremically, the researchers placed an anesthetized, uninfected lab mouse on a mesh-topped conta...

Researchers discover how malaria parasite disperses from red blood cells

... cycle in the salivary glands of mosquitoes and is transmitted to human beings through the bite of infected mosquitoes. The parasite infects red blood cells. Called a merozoite at the stage of its life when it infects red blood cells, the parasite multiplies inside the cell, until the cell ruptures and release...

Visceral Leishmaniasis: Successful Vaccine Trial In Dogs

... It is caused by a protozoan, Leishmania infantum, transmitted by sand fly bites. There is no vaccine for this disease, which can rapidly lead to death if no treatment is given. In the most heavily affected areas, the dog population is hit heavily by infection. It acts as parasite reservoir for humans. Developme...

Vineyard weeds found to host Pierce's disease of grapes

...sease is caused by Xylella fastidiosa, a bacterium transmitted by sharpshooters and spittlebugs. In response to outbreaks of Pierce's disease in central California, plant pathologists studied 29 weed species commonly found in California's San Joaquin Valley to see if the bacterium could survive on the weeds. Per...

AIDS expert says global strategy needed to combat feminization of HIV/AIDS

...control pills; and to a high incidence of sexually transmitted diseases, which inflame the female genital area and provide additional target cells for the virus to infect. Quinn says that eventually societal changes will help, but immediate and faster action requires coordinated efforts to focus on women, devel...

Monkeypox mystery: New research may explain why 2003 outbreak in the US wasn't deadly

... means that it is a disease of animals that can be transmitted to humans under natural conditions. The first cases of monkeypox reported in humans involved contact between humans and animals in Africa. The first outbreak of monkeypox in the Western hemisphere occurred in the U.S. Midwest from April to June of 2...

Gene discovery sheds light on causes of rare disease, cancer

...steria bacterium, found in soil and water, can be transmitted to humans via undercooked and unpasteurized food, causing flu-like symptoms or gastrointestinal distress. For individuals with weakened immune systems, listeriosis can be fatal, and infections during pregnancy can lead to miscarriage, stillbirth, pre...

Hide and seek: Researchers discover a new way for infectious bacteria to enter cells

...steria bacterium, found in soil and water, can be transmitted to humans via undercooked and unpasteurized food, causing flu-like symptoms or gastrointestinal distress. For individuals with weakened immune systems, listeriosis can be fatal, and infections during pregnancy can lead to miscarriage, stillbirth, pre...

Mass production of human papillomavirus could lead to gains against cervical cancer

...ore than 100 forms, is the most prevalent sexually transmitted infection. Transmission of HPV can also occur non-sexually. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, approximately 20 million people in the United States are currently infected with HPV. At least 50 percent of sexually active men ...

Researchers uncover E. coli's defense mechanism

...ogenic forms of E. coli and Salmonella are usually transmitted to humans through undercooked meat, unwashed vegetables and cross contamination from surfaces on which these foods were prepared. Infections from either of these organisms can cause diarrhea, abdominal cramps and sometimes more serious illnesses that...

Scientists show that tick-borne flaviviruses use a novel mechanism to evade host defenses

...es in different ways depending on whether they are transmitted by mosquitoes or ticks. This finding could lead to new approaches to developing vaccines and treatments against these illnesses. "Flaviviruses exact an enormous toll in terms of illness and death worldwide," notes NIAID Director Anthony S. Fauci, M....

Hepatitis C responds best to combo of ribavirin and interferon, study concludes

...liver caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV). It is transmitted primarily by blood-to-blood contact through a variety of means such as sexual contact, intravenous drug use and needle stick accidents. The disease progresses slowly over 10 to 30 years, causing inflammation and severe scarring of the liver. If untre...

High rates of sexually transmitted infections found in young drug users

...ed study participants were aware of their sexually transmitted infection. The study is published in the June 2005...ted Infections. "We found a high rate of sexually transmitted infections among the injection and non-injection drug users we recruited, which indicates the extent...

Gifts from the sea

...ying squid have learned how electrical signals are transmitted from cell to cell, how nutrients and other important particles are transferred from cell to cell, and how certain cells maintain the body's pH level. Basic research on the squid has led researchers and clinicians to a better understanding of such deb...

New Look at DNA Hints at Origin of UV Damage

...s, such as mice, rats and squirrels. It is usually transmitted by fleas, which spread the infection as they feed on the blood of mammals. There are different forms of plague in humans -- bubonic, pneumonic and septicemic -- depending on site of infection; and infections in humans are highly lethal if not immedia...

Novel plague virulence factor identified

...s, such as mice, rats and squirrels. It is usually transmitted by fleas, which spread the infection as they feed on the blood of mammals. There are different forms of plague in humans -- bubonic, pneumonic and septicemic -- depending on site of infection; and infections in humans are highly lethal if not immedia...

Scientists reveal how disease bacterium survives inside immune system cell

...t this pathogen, but it is important because it is transmitted by ticks and causes disease in both animals and humans," Dr. Borjesson says. Neutrophils, which make up about 60 percent of all white blood cells, are the largest cellular component of the human immune system -- billions exist inside each human. Typ...

Where Bacteria Get Their Genes

...ferent from each other." Most commonly, genes are transmitted by bacteriophages, viruses that specifically hijack bacteria cells. Like tiny syringes, phages inject their own genetic material into the host cell, forcing it to produce new phages. During such an event, genes from the bacterial genome can be incorp...

Combination therapy leads to partial recovery from spinal cord injury in rats

...sured whether the resulting electrical current was transmitted to a muscle in one of the hind legs. Most of the rats treated with the combination of precursor cells and gene therapy improved significantly on both tests, the researchers found. The combination therapy led to an improvement in the rats' ability to...

New Finding May Aid Adult Stem Cell Collection

Effective control of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) requires treatment of the sexual partners of infected patients. A new study shows that providing infected men with antibiotics to give their partners is more effective than traditional means of contacting and treating the partners, ac...

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