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Tag: "transmitted" at biology news

Knowledge of infection may prevent spread of herpes virus

...ctive tools to prevent the spread of this sexually transmitted disease (STD). "Genital herpes is one of the few ... most recent study also found that most people who transmitted HSV did not know that they had genital herpes. Wald, Hook, and Leone suggest that physicians should ...

Hopkins study suggests commercially available antibiotic may help fight dementia in HIV patients

.... Ceftriaxone, used to treat pneumonias, sexually transmitted diseases, bacterial meningitis and other infections, is a known stimulator of EAAT-2 expression and protects against neuronal injury in mice with nervous system disorders. To test ceftriaxone's potential in HIV, Rumbaugh and colleagues grew human neu...

'Prosthetic' retinal cells let blind mice see light

...urons, and the neurons generated signals that were transmitted to the visual cortex of the animals' brains. "With this strategy, the investigators have made a paradigm shift in the field and opened the possibility of genetically modifying the surviving retinal interneurons to function as a replacement light-sen...

Teens unaware of sexually transmitted diseases until they catch one, Carnegie Mellon study finds

...eenage girls know relatively little about sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) until it is too late, according to...lth. "For the most part kids learn about sexually transmitted diseases when they are getting diagnosed with them," said Julie Downs, lead author of the study and ...

History of human cannibalism eats away at researchers

...d to a human population in Papua-New Guinea and is transmitted by cannibalism at ritualistic mortuary feasts. A high-profile study published nearly three years ago suggested that individuals who were heterozygous for a common polymorphism in the PRNP gene were relatively resistant to the disease. Over time, ...

One fish, two fish: New MIT sensor improves fish counts

... a situation where information can be very rapidly transmitted with these waves," he said. ...

New licensing agreement to maximize AIDS drug development

...cides for the prevention of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases. The three microbicides covered under...nt the transmission of HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases. CONRAD is administered through the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Eastern Vir...

Genetically engineered mosquitoes show resistance to dengue fever virus

...utheast Asia and the Western Pacific. The virus is transmitted to people by mosquitoes of the species Aedes aegypti. The World Health Organization estimates 50 million cases of dengue infection each year. Approximately 20,000 people die annually from the disease. James, a professor of microbiology and molecular...

Two NIH initiatives launch intensive efforts to find roots of common diseases

...irtually all diseases have a hereditary component, transmitted from parent to child through the three billion DNA letters that make up the human genome," said Francis S. Collins, M.D., Ph.D., Director of the National Human Genome Research Institute at NIH and chairman of the GAIN Steering Committee and co-chairm...

Anti-HIV drug has potential to prevent transmission in women

... the sexual transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases and may be formulated as vaginal gels, foams, creams, or suppositories. "The results of this study may change the way the research community looks at developing safe and effective microbicides," says lead author Kenneth H. Mayer, MD, an in...

Minor mutations in avian flu virus increase chances of human infection

...including current avian H5 strains, are not easily transmitted from human-to-human following avian-to-human infection. However, the report did suggest that "once a foothold in a new host species is made, the virus HA can optimize its specificity to the new host." "Our recombinant approach to the structural anal...

Protein 'nanosprings' most resilient found in nature

...al stimulus) into an electrical signal that can be transmitted to the brain ?a process known as mechanotransduction. Ankyrin proteins also coordinate the ion channels and transporters that control the beating of the heart. In 2004, Bennett's team linked mutations in the gene ankyrin-B to an inherited cardiac ar...

Why nerve cells work faster than the theory allows

...ith high speed. At the end of the appendages it is transmitted to other cells. In 1952, Alan Lloyd Hodgkin and An...function like a high-pass filter; fast signals are transmitted well, slow signals are suppressed". Both aspects of the initiation of the action potential play diff...

Study outlines genetic differences between potential pandemic influenza strains

...us evolves or mutates in such a way that it can be transmitted from human to human efficiently," says Garten. ...

Researchers develop portable 'vein finder' for faster, more accurate injections

... blood vessels have different characteristics than transmitted ones, providing critical 3-D information about a v...ide is positioned parallel to the sound beam being transmitted by a transducer in the device's reusable section. As medics move the device along a patient's ar...

Viral protein helps infected T cells stick to uninfected cells

...the human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), is transmitted mainly when infected cells known as T lymphocytes, or T cells, touch uninfected T cells. The finding helps explain how this cell-to-cell transmission happens. It suggests that an HTLV-1 protein known as p12 activates infected T cells and causes the...

Waking a sleeping virus

...eosis ?called the "kissing disease" because EBV is transmitted in saliva ?whose symptoms resemble that of a cold. But in rare cases activation of the virus also leads to EBV associated cancers, especially in people with immune deficiencies. Researchers have focused on ZEBRA because of its ability to activate so...

Cell barrier shows why bird flu not so easily spread among humans

...n of the respiratory system. For the viruses to be transmitted efficiently, they have to multiply in the upper po...tion of the respiratory system so that they can be transmitted by coughing and sneezing." The upshot of the new finding, says Kawaoka, a professor of pathobiologi...

High-tech tags on marine animals yield valuable data for biologists and oceanographers

... the animal molts. Data recorded during a dive are transmitted to satellites when the animal comes to the surface to breathe. Costa's group has been providing water temperature and salinity data gathered by California sea lions to physical oceanographer Yi Chao at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena. Cha...

Typhoid fever led to the fall of Athens

...e cause of the Plague of Athens. Typhoid fever is transmitted by contaminated food or water, and nowadays the disease is most common in developing countries and in travellers returning from these countries. Corresponding author Dr Manolis J Papagrigorakis of the University of Athens says: "Studying the histori...

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