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Tag: "transmitted" at biology news

Male circumcision reduces HIV risk, study stopped early

...ng, medical care, tests and treatment for sexually transmitted infections, condoms and behavioral risk counseling...revent new HIV infections, such as treating sexual transmitted diseases and providing condoms and behavioral counseling," Bailey said. "We can't expect to just cut...

Planning ahead: Having the healthiest baby possible

...thyroidism, inherited disorders, obesity, sexually transmitted diseases, and oral health; Protecting one's health through supplements such as folic acid, vaccinations for Rubella, Hepatitis B, and screening for HIV, and Avoiding alcohol, anti-epileptic drugs, acne-controlling medicines, oral anticoagulants ...

UNC scientists solve mystery of how largest cellular motor protein powers movement

...hanical force occurs. The mechanical force must be transmitted over a large distance.? The study was published online Nov. 22 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Early Edition. The work was supported in part by grants from the Muscular Dystrophy Association and the American Heart Association....

Molecular 'on/off switch' controls immune defenses against viruses

... is the hepatitis C virus, a blood-borne infection transmitted by intravenous drug use, blood transfusions and sexual contact. It affects 4 million U.S. residents and is the nation's leading cause of cirrhosis and liver cancer. In 2005 Dr. Gale and his team completed several breakthrough studies on hepatitis...

Viral marker of human migration suspect

...stranded DNA virus that is thought to be primarily transmitted from parents to their children. Infection is usual...e a single population, and we have almost strictly transmitted it to our children, you may expect that as populations became isolated, the virus lineages diverged ...

Air travel and pandemic flu

...compared with some other viruses, the flu virus is transmitted from one person to another very quickly and affects many people. Once a major outbreak was under way, banning flights from affected cities would be effective at significantly delaying worldwide spread only if almost all travel between cities could be...

Control measures fail to stop spread of new H5N1 virus

... China, the researchers said. FL has now also been transmitted to Hong Kong, Laos, Malaysia, and Thailand, resulting in a new bird flu outbreak wave in Southeast Asia that has caused human infections as well, according to the Hong Kong/St. Jude team. The investigators also warned that it is possible that thi...

Vaccine shown effective against chancroid

...ss. But what if a vaccine against another sexually transmitted infection found widely in that region of Africa ?c...n UNC's School of Medicine. Chancroid, a sexually transmitted disease that causes genital ulcers, is rare in the United States but takes hold in communities that ...

Nanotubes used for first time to send signals to nerve cells

...ls and record their responses to electrical pulses transmitted through the SWNTs. In addition to their electrical stimulation experiments, the scientists also studied how different kinds of SWNTs affected the growth and development of neuroblastoma cells. They compared cells placed on mats made of "functionaliz...

A new view on Lyme disease: Rodents hold the key to annual risk

...in 2002. Lyme disease, like other zoonoses, is transmitted by a vector that picks up the pathogen during a blood meal from a vertebrate host. In the eastern and central United States, the spirochete bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi infects blacklegged ticks, Ixodes scapularis, which feed on a wide variety of b...

New understanding of parasite cell structures may provide treatments for serious tropical diseases

...6 countries of sub-Saharan Africa. The parasite is transmitted to humans through the bite of the tsetse fly, in which the trypanosome transfers from the mid-gut to the salivary glands where it enters the human bloodstream when the fly bites. "We found that putting these cells under stress similar to that initia...

DNA to the defense

...oma brucei . Endemic to sub-Saharan Africa, it is transmitted by tsetse flies and infects a variety of mammals, including humans. There are no vaccines against T. brucei , and most drugs to treat the disease have dangerous side effects or are scarce in the countries most heavily afflicted. Each day, the dise...

Researcher studies, treats military with 'silent disease'

...ers contracted the virus. Hepatitis C is typically transmitted through IV drug use and blood transfusions that were given before 1990 because a good screening tool wasn't available prior to then. The servicemembers Sjogren treats most often report that they contracted it through blood products because they were ...

Defense peptide found in primates may block some human HIV transmissions

...iency virus that causes AIDS. The disease is often transmitted sexually, and the drugs produced from Cole's research would be applied to the vagina in the form of a gel or cream. Many of the laboratory tests have shown that retrocyclin can prevent HIV-1 infection of human vaginal tissue. Retrocyclin was still ...

Heal thyself: Systems biology model reveals how cells avoid becoming cancerous

...lueprint of how the initial event of DNA damage is transmitted by these transcription factors to repair processes and all the other important functions of the cell," said Ideker. "With this model now in hand, we'd like to take a much closer look at the cell's response to environmental toxins. We'd like to unders...

African parasite makes component of fat differently from all other organisms

...trypanosome that causes African sleeping sickness, transmitted between humans and animals by bloodsucking tsetse flies, goes through several different stages in its life cycle. One such form is harbored by the insect and the other multiplies in a host's bloodstream. There, the parasite avoids detection by the ...

Researchers add crucial information on how the body's T cells react to parasitic diseases

... those. The parasite that carries it, T. cruzi, is transmitted to mammals and humans through the bite of several genera of flying, biting insects. What intrigued Tarleton was that T cell response to infection from T. cruzi, while important to the body's ability to fight disease, has remained somewhat cryptic bec...

New HIV study identifies high-risk subgroups of adolescents

...adolescents at great risk for contracting sexually transmitted infections (STIs). In fact, according to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), approximately 50 percent of new HIV infections and two-thirds of new STIs each year are diagnosed among those 25 years or younger, and three million adolescents are infec...

Human behavior changes the number of strains of infectious diseases

.... "When new interactions occur frequently, rapidly transmitted strains are most successful, but when new interact... Eames and Keeling focused their study on sexually transmitted infections, where the assumption of monogamy is most applicable, but stress that their conclusions m...

Chimpanzees can transmit cultural behavior to multiple 'generations'

..., they confirmed that a particular behavior can be transmitted accurately along a chain of up to six chimpanzees, representing six simulated generations equaling approximately 90 years of culture in the wild. A comparative benchmark study with three-year-old human children, conducted by St. Andrews researcher Em...

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