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Tag: "transmitted" at biology news

Scratch no more: Gene for itch sensation discovered

...l cord nerve cells where pain and itch signals are transmitted from the skin to the brain. The researchers, led by Zhou-Feng Chen, Ph.D., found that laboratory mice that lacked this gene scratched much less than their normal cage-mates when given itchy stimuli. The laboratory experiments confirmed the connectio...

Cellular message movement captured on video

...bute to the carcinogenic potential of the sexually transmitted virus. Chien and Hu obtained cells for their most recent study from the inner membranous lining of a cow aorta. They added genetically engineered proteins tagged with red and green fluorescence markers to the bovine aortic endothelial cells, grew ...

The insect vector always bites twice

...k into the vector’s salivary glands in order to be transmitted to the human host when the insect bites again to take another blood meal. Morbidity among infected people is therefore associated with the degree of exposure of the subject to insect vector bites. The vector saliva, which is adapted for blood fee...

Largest synthetic gene ever built offers insights into anti-malarial drug resistance

...hich is caused by a single-cell protozoan parasite transmitted by the bite of the female Anopheles mosquito. Ther...inst it, he said., When a malaria parasite is transmitted through a mosquito bite, the mosquito injects the parasite into skin or blood, which then travels to...

New bacterium discovered -- related to cause of trench fever

...s were often infected with a microbe that could be transmitted to their owners through a scratch. These earlier investigations taught the researchers several important lessons: new diseases and new bacteria infecting humans are still being discovered, and it is important to carefully investigate the genetic...

Newly found sensing system enables certain bacteria to resist human immune defenses

...everal hard-to-treat infectious agents that can be transmitted to patients in hospitals via contaminated medical implants. Findings by Dr. Otto’s research group are published in the May 29 issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science. Other well-known types of gram-positive bacteria include agents...

Potent possibilities for parasite attack

...e has risen sharply over the past ten years. It is transmitted by the bite of various species of sandfly: wild and domesticated animals - as well as humans - act as a reservoir for the disease....

Avian influenza survivors' antibodies effective at neutralising H5N1 strain

...poultry across the globe and occasionally has been transmitted to humans, often fatally. By mid-May 2007, according to the World Health Organization, there had been 306 known cases in humans, 185 of them fatal. Now, doctors based at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, the Institu...

Detecting cold, feeling pain: Study reveals why menthol feels fresh

...sed," says Julius. Ultimately, pain signals are transmitted from the peripheral nervous system into the body's central nervous system – moving through nerves in the spinal cord and brain stem up to the brain, which prompts a response, or "feeling." Co-author of the current study Allan Basbaum, PhD, also of UC...

Resistant HIV quickly hides in infants' cells

...tive infants were infected with drug-resistant HIV transmitted from their mothers—a surprisingly high figure. Of...e treatments. As Persaud summarized, "The initial transmitted drug-resistant virus will likely never be cleared from that infant with currently available treatmen...

Warts vaccine -- 1 of many in pipeline

...ccines to prevent infections. Genital warts are transmitted by skin contact and the 2003 Australian Study of Sex and Relationships of 20,000 adults revealed four percent of people had had visible genital warts. Dr Jardine said men and women with genital warts who would like to take part in the trial could ...

Toxoplasmosis infection trick revealed by scientists

...arasitic disease, primarily carried by cats. It is transmitted to humans by eating undercooked meat or through contact with cat faeces. It is particularly dangerous for pregnant women, whose foetuses can be infected via the placenta, and those with a weakened immune system, such as people infected with HIV. In s...

Study shows continued success for new HPV vaccine against virus responsible for cervical cancer

...rted each year, making it the most common sexually transmitted disease in the nation. "Nearly all sexually ac...ving pre-adolescent girls a vaccine for a sexually transmitted disease, Dr. Ault argues, "young women, young girls make very good immune responses to this vaccine,...

Hepatitis E takes a piggyback

...otect meat processors and vets. The disease can be transmitted by drinking water contaminated with faeces as well as by eating pork: uncooked wild boar liver is one Japanese delicacy that frequently leads to infection. Suckling pigs don't contract the virus in their first 30 days, because a maternal antibody ...

Latent memory of cells comes to life

...netic material is very stable and it is faithfully transmitted to our descendants. Once in a while though, a change occurs to the DNA, either large or small. Such changes are at the origin of the immense and varied animal and plant life on earth. Constructive changes in the DNA, that is, changes creating new fun...

NIAID expands capability for influenza research and surveillance

...e how influenza viruses adapt to new hosts and are transmitted between different hosts, and analyze human immune responses to influenza vaccination and infection. The researchers will examine how human genes might be silenced to decrease or eliminate flu infections; identify new targets for antiviral medicines; ...

Leeches ferry infection among newts

...ease and sleeping sickness. All these diseases are transmitted through a vector, an organism that spreads disease...fel and his colleagues think that the infection is transmitted when one of these spores bursts open and releases its endospores onto the mouthparts of a feeding le...

Whiteflies and plant viruses can help each other to speed up biological invasion

...rops such as tomato and tobacco. These viruses are transmitted by this whitefly. In many countries and regions, including China, the outbreaks of the B whitefly have also seen the gradual disappearance of some native whitefly biotypes. Many scientists around the world have been investigating why the B whitefl...

Rare cell prevents rampant brain activity

...amic balance between excitatory signals, which are transmitted by one type of synapse, and inhibitory counter-signals, which are transmitted by another. An imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory activity is associated with diseases s...

Rapid response was crucial to containing the 1918 flu pandemic

...xposed to an influenza virus strain that is easily transmitted from person to person. Developing such a vaccine in advance, however, is difficult because an influenza virus mutates as it replicates, and over time these mutations can alter the virus enough that older vaccines are no longer effective. With current...

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