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Tag: "transmission" at biology news

Rare Chinese frogs communicate by means of ultrasonic sound

...he path between eardrums and the ear, enabling the transmission of ultrasound to the ears." To test if the frogs actually communicated with their ultrasonic sounds, Feng and colleagues returned to China with their recording equipment and a special device that allowed playback of recorded frog calls in the audibl...

Treating populations infected with HIV and latent TB could speed the emergence of drug-resistant TB

...isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) programs on the transmission dynamics of drug-resistant TB in areas where community-wide preventive therapy may be used as a strategy to control TB. They concluded that the implementation of IPT targeted to people co-infected with HIV and TB may also have the perverse effect of ...

How nerve cells stay in shape

...vity at individual synapses showed impaired signal transmission in cells lacking Staufen2 protein. "This was important evidence that Staufen2 is necessary for the formation of functional synapses in nerve cells," Kiebler says. His group thus creates the first conceptual link between molecular processes in the rec...

Viral protein helps infected T cells stick to uninfected cells

... The finding helps explain how this cell-to-cell transmission happens. It suggests that an HTLV-1 protein known as p12 activates infected T cells and causes them to become sticky and adhere to other T cells. The greater stickiness happens because the p12 viral protein causes special adherence proteins found o...

Commonly used antidepressants may also affect human immune system

...ed between immune cells in a manner similar to its transmission between brain neurons was revealed in mid-October,... contributed to the work. In the brain, serotonin transmission between neurons is associated with feelings of pleasure, mood, and appetite, and the class of antide...

Warming trend may contribute to malaria's rise

...ncrease in abundance can be an important factor in transmission of the disease." In the current study, the researchers looked only at the link between temperature and mosquito abundance, not at malaria statistics. In future work, Pascual plans to incorporate malaria data and to explore the interaction of variou...

Human albumin from tobacco plants

...oes not involve the escape of genes through pollen transmission given that, with most crops under cultivation, the genome of the plastids is inherited maternally. More biomass in tobacco plants The tobacco plant is very easy to handle genetically and also it is great generator of biomass. The authoress of th...

Carnegie Mellon scientists show brain uses optimal code for sound

...e in our understanding of how sound is encoded for transmission to the brain, according to the authors, whose work is published with an accompanying "News and Views" editorial in the Feb. 23 issue of Nature. The research provides a new mathematical framework for understanding sound processing and suggests that ...

'Virus chip' detects new virus in prostate tumors

...he study. More likely, some form of human-to-human transmission is involved, but like many intriguing questions about the new virus's biology, the answer is not yet known, he says. In the study, researchers examined tissue samples of 86 prostate cancer patients whose prostates had been surgically removed. Among...

Pregnancy drugs can affect grandkids

...opogenic habitat barriers seems to hinder cultural transmission of song types over distances, resulting in an intensification of the differences between non-neighbours and increasing mimicry between neighbours. This suggests that males from fragmented habitats perceived as rivals only the close neighbours with wh...

Bird song changes sound alarm over habitat fragmentation

...opogenic habitat barriers seems to hinder cultural transmission of song types over distances, resulting in an intensification of the differences between non-neighbours and increasing mimicry between neighbours. This suggests that males from fragmented habitats perceived as rivals only the close neighbours with wh...

Performing monkeys in Asia carry viruses that could jump species to humans

...ucted extensive research on primate-to-human viral transmission in Africa, where they believe HIV originated, few ... urban centers, so there's the potential for viral transmission across the species barrier." The study's authors are urging more research on the different settings...

Scientists show how thinking can harm brain cells

... to lower the production of glutamate or block its transmission to reduce excitotoxic injury. "But just blocking glutamate doesn't seem to work efficiently in neurodegenerative diseases with inflammation," said Gelbard. "We reconsidered how excitotoxicity actually damages the nervous system in a functional way."...

Synthetic Protein Eases Arthritis Symptoms in Mice

...assembly of a cell surface receptor, thus blocking transmission of chemical signals that lead to arthritis symptoms. “This study opens a new research avenue to better understand and, perhaps, to treat rheumatoid arthritis, a condition that causes suffering in more than two million Americans,?says NIAID Director ...

Penn study finds direct role for glial cells in brain cross-talk

... space called the synapse. This process results in transmission of a nerve impulse. Historically, the glial cell o...In contrast, low levels of adenosine increased the transmission of nerve impulses. The modulation of neuronal activity through the regulation of the level of adeno...

Earliest European Farmers Left Little Genetic Mark On Modern Europe

...lso indicates, however, that overall trends in HIV transmission are still increasing, and that far greater HIV pre...men will contract the virus. While mother-to-child transmission has been virtually eliminated from industrialized countries and service coverage is improving in man...

2005 AIDS figures released by WHO and UNAIDS

...lso indicates, however, that overall trends in HIV transmission are still increasing, and that far greater HIV pre...men will contract the virus. While mother-to-child transmission has been virtually eliminated from industrialized countries and service coverage is improving in man...

Computer models aid understanding of antibody-dependent enhancement in spread of dengue fever

...dependent enhancement triggered small increases in transmission it gave viruses an edge over other co-circulating ...ancement. Counter-intuitively, larger increases in transmission resulted in more extinctions of the enhanced virus. "Dengue dynamics are similar to predator-prey s...

Study uncovers placental microtransfusions lead to transmission of AIDS virus during childbirth

...ring birth are responsible for a large part of the transmission of HIV from mother to baby," the scientist said. "...nzyme and the risk of infection." It appears that transmission of the virus occurs during labor -- when contractions occur -- rather than during passage of the bab...

K-State researchers study insects' immune system

...esponses may help identify ways to disrupt disease transmission by blood-feeding insects. Knowledge gained from ex...en can survive might result in ways to disrupt the transmission of diseases, Kanost said. "Insects are the most abundant kind of animal," he said. "They're very su...

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