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Tag: "transmission" at biology news

Embryonic selection of sex avoids conceiving blind children

... embryonic selection enables the prevention of the transmission of this disease to future generations and may be a way to reduce the number of victims of Retinosis Pigmentaria. In Spain the number of sufferers is over 15,000, with some 60,000 being carriers of the defective gene and, thereby, possible transmitter...

Zinc plays important role in brain circuitry

...y studies had shown that zinc can act toxically on transmission of neural impulses, half a century of experiment r...hemselves when turned over, abnormal gait, altered transmission of visual signals, and an enhanced startle response to sudden noise. Electrophysiological studies...

Humpback whales have brain cells also found in humans

...skills, coalition-formation, cooperation, cultural transmission and tool usage," the authors state. "It is thus likely that some of these abilities are related to comparable histologic complexity in brain organization in cetaceans and in hominids." The authors conclude: "Cetacean and primate brains may be cons...

Squid skin reveals hidden messages

... and Hanlon maintain that the mechanism behind the transmission of polarized light through squid pigment cells warrants further study. Likewise, investigation of this masked polarization signaling system in squid and other cephalopods in natural environments would provide insight into animal camouflage mechanisms...

UNC scientists solve mystery of how largest cellular motor protein powers movement

...lar regulator protein causes defects in nerve cell transmission and mimics the symptoms of people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). ...

When nerve cells can't make contact

...1, 2006) shows that neuroligins ensure that signal transmission between nerve cells functions. In the brain of gen...t this model exhibited a malfunction in the signal transmission between the nerve cells. With his colleague Varoqueaux, Brose has created a mouse line that not only...

Blood transfusion-transmitted infections: A global perspective

...e donors; thereby increasing the risk of infection transmission by transfusion. "The possible additional safety ...omes of these debates it is clear that the risk of transmission is not static. As new agents continue to emerge, old ones change their properties and epidemiologic ...

Control measures fail to stop spread of new H5N1 virus

...lso occurred during the previous two waves of H5N1 transmission that occurred during the past several years, according to the investigators. A report on these findings appears in the November online edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). The findings are significant because exp...

New strategy developed to combat West Nile Virus

...trol. Many early hydrologic models predicting the transmission of West Nile Virus and other mosquito-borne diseas...mer rainfall is critical for the amplification and transmission of West Nile Virus and a similar disease, St. Louis Encephalitis Virus, in southern Florida. When dr...

Vaccine shown effective against chancroid

...d ?was relatively easy to develop and could reduce transmission of HIV as much as 10-fold? That may be the case, ...l ulcer diseases such as chancroid can enhance HIV transmission three- to 10-fold. "There is considerable evidence that genital ulcers are independent risk factors...

Drug dials down the energy within cells, UM researchers find

...ding processes, such as muscle contraction and the transmission of nerve signals. "People had proposed in the past that if you could inhibit this enzyme, there might be therapeutic potential. But the problem is, if you inhibit the enzyme in the way most powerful drugs do, turning it off, you deplete the cell of ...

Innovative method for creating a human cytomegalovirus vaccine outlined

...ous mononucleosis (Epstein-Barr virus.) Infectious transmission is via body fluids. ...

Prion find points way to test for human 'mad cow' disease

...ch a blood test could also help prevent accidental transmission of the malformed proteins that cause variant Creut...re incubating the disease silently, then secondary transmission from human to human by blood transfusion or surgical procedures could become a big problem," he cont...

Gorilla susceptibility to Ebola virus: the cost of sociality

...unknown, but possibly fruit bats), with ape-to-ape transmission playing only a minor role due to an insufficient r...on scenarios. The authors of the study showed that transmission between gorillas was particularly important within groups and led to a very high mortality rate--97%...

Snakes' virtual glasses, leopard spots and all-optical transistors

...s to interact in ways that enhance or decrease the transmission of the signal beam through the film. That is, the film acts as an all-optical transistor, with the potential to serve as a building block in optical circuits and optical versions of microelectronic devices. Multiple Choice Makes Better Tests Mic...

UGA researchers find that hunting can increase the severity of wildlife disease epidemics

... is simple: fewer animals should result in reduced transmission of disease. Hunting has been used to control badger populations in England, rabies in European foxes and chronic wasting disease in deer and elk populations in the American West. The researchers note that in each instance, disease outbreaks have wors...

New egg freezing technique offers hope to hundreds of women

...ter thawing, the eggs were studied using light and transmission electron microscopy (LM and TEM). The eggs appear...y subtle and deserve to be further investigated by transmission electron microscopy." Professor Arne Sunde, former chairman of ESHRE, said: "Cryopreservation of hu...

Bird flu study highlights need to vaccinate flocks effectively

...l because it is thought that it can lead to unseen transmission between poultry farms, a phenomenon known as 'silent spread'. This unseen transmission occurs because as protection levels rise in a flock, it becomes ever harder to detect the spread of ...

Ever-happy mice may hold key to new treatment of depression

...nical depression. TREK-1 is a gene that can affect transmission of serotonin in the brain. Serotonin is known to play an important role in mood, sleep and sexuality. By breeding mice with an absence of TREK-1, researchers were able create a depression-resistant strain. The details of this research, which involved...

Brain enzyme treatment relieves memory lapse in Alzheimer's mice

...restored Uch-L1 levels corrected deficits in nerve transmission both in brain slices treated with Aß and in slices taken from transgenic mice with mutations that lead to elevated Aß and associated cognitive decline. The researchers next asked whether Uch-L1 played an important role in fear conditioning, a form ...

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