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Tag: "transmission" at biology news

How badger culling creates conditions for spread of bovine TB

...ul strategies for the control of TB in badgers and transmission to cattle will require serious consideration of the likely impact of any interventions on badger social organization," the authors say. ...

Ebola outbreaks killing thousands of gorillas and chimpanzees

...uggesting that outbreaks may be amplified by Ebola transmission between ape social groups. The study provides hope...in northern Republic of Congo, suggests that Ebola transmission between ape groups might occur through routes other than direct social encounter. For instance, as m...

Scientists sequence genome of parasite responsible for common sexually transmitted infection

...ing methods to prevent it could also help curb the transmission of other STIs often found in connection with trichomoniasis, including chlamydia and gonorrhea, according to the researchers. "Although trichomoniasis is very prevalent as a sexually transmitted infection, it has not received the attention given t...

Failure to meet United Nations sanitation target could affect millions of the world's poorest

...y settled areas are particularly vulnerable to the transmission of waterborne diseases. But from an ethical perspective, such a strategy is untenable." ...

Researchers develop technique for bacteria crowd control

...ts and bioanalysis. The technique is based on the transmission of tiny electric current in a very thin film sample cell containing a colony of bacteria. The current produces electrolysis that changes the local pH level in the vicinity of the electrodes. The bacteria, uncomfortable with the changes in pH, swim a...

Study identifies risk factors for spread of respiratory infections in hospitals

...ailable online. Hospitals were epicenters of SARS transmission in Guangzhou province and Hong Kong in 2003. In ho...ministrative factors that may have assisted in the transmission of the infection from one patient to another. This new study suggests that hospital beds placed too ...

Researchers discover new details about HIV-1 entry and infection

...d Hutchinson Cancer Research Center. "Blocking HIV transmission and local spread in the female lower genital tract... the design of effective strategies to block local transmission and prevent HIV-1 spread," concludes Dr. McElrath....

Scientists perform 'tricky' operation

...oblem as infection with T. vaginalis increases the transmission and acquisition of many other serious STIs, including HIV. "Furthermore, prolonged infection with T. vaginalis associates with pre-term birth, low infant birth weight and some cervical cancers. "Alarmingly, trichomoniasis is not considered a no...

New research may overturn conventional wisdom on drug-resistant tuberculosis

...e urgency of accelerating efforts to interrupt the transmission of drug-resistant tuberculosis." The research shows improved methods of preventing TB transmission may be needed in the very facilities and communities where TB patients are treated. Fast Facts ...

Scientists discover new virus caused deaths of transplant recipients from single donor

...n implicated in a small number of cases of disease transmission by organ transplantation, however, the newly discovered virus is sufficiently different that it could not be detected using existing screening methods. Over 30,000 organ transplants are performed in the U.S. each year. Knowledge of the genetic s...

Mother knows best: Plant knowledge key to childhood health in remote Amazon

...zon, globalization is threatening the time-honored transmission of plant knowledge from generation to generation, with adverse effects on childhood health and nutrition. In a novel study published online this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers report that parents, and especia...

Whitefly spreads emerging plant viruses

... host range, and knowledge about the mode of virus transmission by this whitefly are essential for managing the emerging plant viruses and the vector populations. Continued research to learn more about the biology and genetics of both the plant viruses and the whitefly is also needed....

Anti-herpes treatment reduces HIV levels in women infected with both viruses

...indings open new avenues for the prevention of HIV transmission and for the management of patients co-infected by ... also required. A number of options to prevent HIV transmission are currently being investigated, including the role of vaginal microbicides, pre-exposure HIV proph...

Billions of dollars saved in US by polio vaccination

...ing areas of the world that have not yet disrupted transmission include regions in four countries (Afghanistan, India, Nigeria, and Pakistan). ...

Scientists produce neurons from human skin

...roducing markers and molecules associated with the transmission of nerve impulse between neurons. "This suggests the beginning of synapse formation between neurons," points out Professor Berthod. In the short term, this breakthrough might have an impact in the field of neuroscience research. "Producing neurons...

Multiple malaria infection inhibits spread of parasite

...k discovered this during his research into malaria transmission under the inhabitants of Cameroon, Senegal and Ind... to be by far the most important source of malaria transmission in the area. In the village Koundou, the number of infectious bites was about five times as high as ...

Fruit fly gene research may shed light on human disease processes

...too," Avila says. "Our work sheds light on signal transmission in humans." Erickson points out that flies have evolved along with humans and that the two species are "close." Although he is quick to point out that the group's research has no short-term practical application, he believes down the road it ...

A first glimpse of the influenza replication machine

...is virus might also mutate to allow human-to-human transmission and cause another catastrophic pandemic. Specific ...ds light on how polymerase mutations contribute to transmission of avian flu to humans. Upon infection the influenza virus starts multiplying in the cells of an in...

Opening windows may be the best way of preventing transmission of airborne infection

... on to calculate what these results might mean for transmission of infection and estimated that in mechanically ventilated rooms 39% of susceptible individuals would become infected following 24 h of exposure to untreated TB patients compared with 33% in modern and 11% in pre-1950 naturally ventilated facilities ...

Brain works more chaotically than previously thought

...tant neurotransmitters, being released when signal transmission occurs at synapses. The researchers were able to demonstrate that certain cells in the white matter react to glutamate: the precursor to what are known as oligodendrocytes. Oligodendrocytes are the brain's "insulating cells". They produce the myelin,...

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