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Tag: "transforming" at biology news

Tundra disappearing at rapid rate

...derable in response to future warming, potentially transforming tundra landscapes into open spruce woodlands," said Danby, who will also be participating in an International Polar Year project that will be examining treeline dynamics across the circumpolar north....

Researchers create artificial enzyme that mimics the body's internal engine

...evaraj, CcO has more than 99 percent efficiency in transforming oxygen into water. To understand why CcO is so efficient, Collman's group, led by Stanford research associate Richard Decreau, created an artificial version of the enzyme active site using organic compounds as building materials. The imitation sit...

Researchers first to map gene that regulates adult stem cell growth

...e looking into the possible role the gene plays in transforming healthy stem cells into cancerous ones, such as in leukemia and lymphomas. If the gene does in fact play such a role, it is possible that it also could provide the keys to new therapies. Van Zant describes his discovery as an elation. He worked on ...

Liposuctioned fat stem cells to repair bodies

...NA methylation, for instance, boost the chances of transforming fat stem cells from one cell type into another. "Look at a cell’s epigenetic profile," says Collas, "and you may be able to predict what that cell is likely to turn into." These epigenetic signatures have grabbed everyone’s attention, acknowledge...

New science of metagenomics 'will transform modern microbiology'

...e. Microorganisms are essential to life on Earth, transforming key elements into energy, maintaining the chemical balance in the atmosphere, providing plants and animals with nutrients, and performing other functions necessary for survival. There are billions of benign microbes in the human body, for example, t...

Faster, low cost sequencing technologies needed to drive era of personalized medicine

DNA testing is transforming health care and medicine, but current technologies only give a snapshot of an individual's genetic makeup. Any patient wanting a complete picture of their inherited DNA, or genome, would drop their jaw at the sight of the bill -- to the current tune ...

'Failed' experiment yields a biocontrol agent that doesn't trigger antibiotic resistance

...o are as comfortable fermenting grapes as they are transforming bacterial plasmids, partnered with students from the Weinert Applied Ventures Program at the UW-Madison School of Business to develop a plan for ConjuGon. One of the students, Sal Braico, ultimately became Chief Operating Officer of the company. "Sa...

Molecules in blood foretell development of preeclampsia

...al blood pressure. Similarly, a molecule known as transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) binds to endoglin, and this binding is also required to keep blood vessels healthy. Dr. Levine explained that the prevailing theory holds that, when the placenta isn't able to absorb sufficient oxygen from the mother's...

Clue found to Epstein-Barr virus' ability to form and sustain tumors

...nique segment of amino acids prevented EBNA-1 from transforming resting B cells into proliferating cells. Under normal conditions, a cellular protein binds this 25-amino acid segment of EBNA-1, allowing transcription of viral and cellular genes regulated by EBNA-1 to occur. Hammerschmidt and Sugden are now tryin...

Developing uses for sugar-cane bagasse: Biotechnology applied to the paper industry

...bres of bagasse used as substrate in these trials, transforming this waste product, after mechanical refining, into paper pulp. As the lignin progressively disappears, the pulp obtained becomes bleached. This pulp can be used as it is to make cardboard, but it must undergo additional treatment using hydrogen pero...

Einstein researchers take the pulse of a gene in living cells

...ass. This developmental gene plays a major role in transforming the "slug" into a stalk-like structure called a fruiting body, which releases new amoebae. "The pulsing we observed in this gene would allow it to very precisely regulate development," says Dr. Singer, the study's senior author and professor and co-...

Failure of 'scout cells' may lead to cancer in transplant patients

... T cells about the virus. That substance is called transforming growth factor-beta (TGFb). The researchers discovered this by exposing healthy human scout cells to TGFb. Next, they combined the scout cells with T cells and PTLD-like cancer cells. The T cells that grew alongside the scout cells exposed to TG...

Research reveals control of potent immune regulator

...Ng and stimulate their activity. It also looked at transforming growth factor beta (TGFb), a substance also made by NK cells that lowers IFNg production. The research, by investigators with the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center ?Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Inst...

A more powerful and efficient engine for rice: the C3-C4 challenge

...eehy compared the potential impact of successfully transforming rice from a C3 to a C4 plant as even greater than the production of the semidwarf rice plants that sparked the Green Revolution. "If we can successfully develop a C4 rice plant, the implications and potential impact will be huge--it's one of the grea...

Oxidation defense in mosquitoes benefits malaria parasite

...cribed in the PNAS article is responsible for this transforming of 3-HK into XA in the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae, where XA also helps the malarial parasite reproduce. So stopping the oxidative defense could stop the parasite as well as make the insect a victim of oxidative stress. Rizzi's group at the Uni...

Common molecular 'signature' identified in solid tumors

...g the tumor suppressors retinoblastoma-1 (RB1) and transforming growth factor, beta receptor 2 (TGFBR2). Croce predicts that miRNAs themselves may one day be used as treatments. "If we can replace miRNAs that are lost and block those that are overly abundant, then maybe we can prevent some of the very earliest ...

Strawberries by design

... who has developed highly efficient techniques for transforming apple, remarked: "The commercial strawberry familiar to most consumers is octoploid, which means that it contains eight sets of chromosomes. By using a close relative that has two sets of chromosomes and a significantly smaller genome, the researcher...

The Amazon in 2050: Implementing the law could save a million square kilometers of rainforest

Economic and political forces are rapidly transforming the forests of the Amazon basin, precipitating one of the world's greatest environmental crises. Through an inter-discplinary modeling project known as Amazon Scenarios, scientists at the Woods Hole Research Center, the Universidade Federal de Minas...

Stem cells from muscles can repair cartilage

...type of medium in which they grew. The addition of transforming grown factor â1 (TGFâ1) to MDSC-B4 did not enhance chondrogenic differentiation. The authors conclude that skeletal muscle is a promising source of cells that can differentiate into cartilage-producing cells. "The MDSCs used here served as good carr...

Common molecular 'signature' identified in solid tumors

...g the tumor suppressors retinoblastoma-1 (RB1) and transforming growth factor, beta receptor 2 (TGFBR2). Croce predicts that miRNAs themselves may one day be used as treatments. "If we can replace miRNAs that are lost and block those that are overly abundant, then maybe we can prevent some of the very earliest ...

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